Publications: R
Rousseau, C., Johnson-Lafleur, J. & Desmarais, C., 'Surviving and Thriving in Spite of Hate: Burnout and Resiliency in Clinicians Working With Patients Attracted by Violent Extremism' (2025), American Journal of Orthopsychiatry [online]
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Roussos, G. & Dovidio, J.F., 'Hate speech is in the eye of the beholder: The influence of racial attitudes and freedom of speech beliefs on perceptions of racially motivated threats of violence' (2018), Social Psychological and Personality Science [online]
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Roussos, G. & Dovidio, J.F., 'Homonegativity, perceived free speech protections, and perceptions of harm predict judgments of hateful acts motivated by sexual prejudice' (2018), Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity [online]
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Rovira Kaltwasser, C., Salas-Lewin, R. & Zanotti, L., 'Supporting and rejecting the populist radical right: Evidence from contemporary Chile' (2024), Nations and Nationalism [online]
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Rowbottom, J., 'A thumb on the scale: measures short of a prohibition to combat hate speech' (2022), Journal of Media Law [online]
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Rowe, M., 'Policing, race and racism' (2004), Cullompton: Willan
Rowe, M. & Garland, J., 'Paying the price? Why football still has a problem: Mike Rowe and Jon Garland assess the ongoing presence of racism in football' (2012), Criminal Justice Matters, 88(1), pp.30-31
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Rowe, M., Lewis, R. & Wiper, C., 'Misogyny online: Extending the boundaries of hate crime' (2018), Journal of Gender-Based Violence [online]
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Roxburgh, A., 'Preachers of hate: The rise of the far right' (2002), London: Gibson Square Books
Roxell, L., 'Hate, threats, and violence. A register study of persons suspected of hate crime' (2011), Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention, 12(2), pp.198-215
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Roy, P.K., 'MMFFHS: Multi-Modal Feature Fusion for Hate Speech Detection on Social Media' (2024), IEEE Transactions on Big Data [online]
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Roy, P.K. & Kumar, A., 'Ensuring safety in digital spaces: Detecting code-mixed hate speech in social media posts' (2025), Data and Knowledge Engineering, 156, 102409
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Roy, P.K., Bhawal, S. & Subalalitha, C.N., 'Hate speech and offensive language detection in Dravidian languages using deep ensemble framework' (2022), Computer Speech and Language, 75, 101386
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Roy, P.K., Tripathy, A.K., Das, T.K. & Gao, X.-Z., 'A framework for hate speech detection using deep convolutional neural network' (2020), IEEE Access, 8, 204951, pp. 204951-204962
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Roy, S.S., Roy, A., Samui, P., Gandomi, M. & Gandomi, A.H., 'Hateful Sentiment Detection in Real-Time Tweets: An LSTM-Based Comparative Approach' (2023), IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems [online]
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Roy, T., Islam, Md.R., Miazee, A.A., Antara, A., Al Amin & Hossain, S., 'English Offensive Text Detection using CNN based Bi-GRU model' (2024), 2nd International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, ICICT 2024, pp. 1–5
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Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (Dodson, P L, Commissioner), 'Race relations of an Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal kind' (1991), Regional Report of Inquiry into Underlying Issues in Western Australia Vol 1. 436-443
Roychowdhury, S. & Gupta, V., 'Data-Efficient Methods For Improving Hate Speech Detection' (2023), EACL 2023 - 17th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Findings of EACL 2023, pp. 125-132
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Royo, E.S., 'Freedom of expression, hate and social networks: the options of the Spanish democratic legislator | LIBERTAD DE EXPRESIÓN, ODIO Y REDES SOCIALES: LAS OPCIONES DEL LEGISLADOR DEMOCRÁTICO ESPAÑOL' (2024), Revista Espanola de Derecho Constitucional, 2024(132), pp. 71–103
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Rozgonyi, K., 'Negotiating new audiovisual rules for video sharing platforms: Proposals for a responsive governance model of speech online | [Negociació d’un nou marc normatiu per a les plataformes audiovisuals d’ús compartit: Propostes per a un model de governança responsable de la llibertat d’expressió en línia]' (2020), Revista Catalana de Dret Public, 2020(61), pp. 83-98
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Ruback, R.B., Gladfelter, A.S. & Lantz, B., 'Hate crime victimization data in Pennsylvania: A useful complement to the Uniform Crime Reports' (2018), Violence and Victims, 33(2), pp.330-350
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Rubenstein, W. B., 'The real story of U.S. hate crimes statistics: An empirical analysis' (2004), Tulane Law Review, 78(4), pp.1213-1246
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Rubenstein, C., 'Whose freedom should the law protect?' (1995), Montage: News and Views from Monash University, 6(1), 15
Ruby Patel, R., 'The Maternal Body, HIV and Race: Dual Raced and Ambivalent Maternal Experiences in a Vertically Infected HIV-Positive Adolescent' (2024), Psychoanalytic Social Work [online]
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Rucco, D., Anzani, A., Scandurra, C., Pennasilico, A. & Prunas, A., 'Structural Stigma and Bisexual + People: Effects of the Rejection of the Zan Bill in Italy on Minority Stress and Mental Health' (2022), Journal of Bisexuality [online]
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Rucco, D., Toffoli, G., Anzani, A. & Prunas, A., 'A Networked Model of Ecological Systems Theory to Discuss Concerns in Italian Bisexual+ and Transgender People After the Block of the “Zan Bill” by Senate' (2023), Sexuality Research and Social Policy [online]
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Rudnicki, K., Vandebosch, H., Voué, P. & Poels, K., 'Systematic review of determinants and consequences of bystander interventions in online hate and cyberbullying among adults' (2022), Behaviour and Information Technology [online]
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Rudolph, C.W., Wells, C.L., Weller, M.D. & Baltes, B.B., 'A meta-analysis of empirical studies of weight-based bias in the workplace' (2009), Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(1), pp.1-10
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Ruhani, A., Keshavarzi, S., Kızık, B. & Çakal, H., 'Formation of Hatred Emotions Toward Afghan Refugees in Iran: A Grounded Theory Study' (2023), Peace and Conflict [online]
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Ruiter, D., Reiners, L., D'Sa, A.G., Kleinbauer, T., Fohr, D., Illina, I., Klakow, D., Schemer, C. & Monnier, A., 'Placing M-Phasis on the Plurality of Hate: A Feature-Based Corpus of Hate Online' (2022), 2022 Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, LREC 2022, pp. 791-804
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Ruiz-Azcona, L., Pellico-López, A., Manjón-Rodríguez, J.B., Sánchez Movellán, M., Ajo Bolado, P., García-Vázquez, J., Hernández-Aguado, I., Cayón-De Las Cuevas, J. & Paz-Zulueta, M., 'Evolution of Legislation and Crimes Based on Sexual Identity or Orientation in Spain: A Retrospective Observational Study (2011–2021)' (2022), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), 859
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Ruiz-Bejarano , B., 'Islamophobia as a deterrent to Halal global trade' (2017), Islamophobia Studies Journal, 4(1), pp.129-145
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Rukuni, T., 'Creating Dialogue Platforms: Transforming Post-Conflict Relationships Among the Youth Through Peace Gardening' (2022), in E. Spiegel, G. Mutalemwa, C. Liu & L.R. Kurtz (eds) Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development (pp. 433-449), Cham: Springer
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Rule, A. & Silvester, J., 'The stink, the fink and the missing link: Nazi madness' (1997), in Rule, A. & Silvester, J. (eds.) Underbelly: True Crime Stories. Floradale Productions & Sly Ink
Rumenjak, N., 'Freedom of Expression in Multicultural Societies: Political Cartooning in Europe in the Modern and Postmodern Eras' (2019), Empedocles, 10(2), pp. 167-189
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Rumney, P., 'The British experience of racist hate speech regulation: A lesson for First Amendment absolutists?' (2003), Common Law World Review, 32(2), pp.117-160
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Ruse, M., 'Why We Hate: Understanding the Roots of Human Conflict' (2023), New York: Oxford University Press
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Rushton, A. & Scarlett, J., 'The blame game: disaster, queerness and prejudice' (2023), Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal [online]
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Russell, E.K., 'Punishment in a ‘tolerant society’: Interrogating hate crime law reform discourse' (2018), Griffith Law Review [online], pp.1-19
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Russell, H.A., 'Is It Time to Say Goodbye to BMI? A Commentary' (2024), Family and Community Health, 47(1), pp. 16–19
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Russell, K., Hunter, S.C., Post, A., Rasmussen, S. & Cramer, R.J., 'Examining mental health correlates of hate-motivated behaviour in Scotland: An investigation of victims, perpetrators and victim-perpetrators' (2024), International Journal of Social Psychiatry [online]
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Russell, K., Hunter, S.C., Rasmussen, S., Quirke, A. & Cramer, R.J., 'An Examination of Hate-Motivated Behavior Among Adults in Scotland and Associations with Risk Factors for Self-Directed Violence' (2024), Journal of Interpersonal Violence [online]
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Russell, S.T., Franz, B.T. & Driscoll, A.K., 'Same-sex romantic attraction and experiences of violence in adolescence' (2001), American Journal of Public Health, 91(6), pp.903-906
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Russo, K.E. & Grasso, A., 'Coping with dis/ableism in Twitter discourse: A corpus-based critical appraisal analysis of the Hidden Disabilities Sunflower Lanyard case' (2022), International Journal of Language Studies, 16(4), pp. 65-94
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Russo, V., Andrighetto, G., Maretti, M., Polizzi, E. & Cecconi, F., 'Homophily and Insularity Dynamics in an Echo Chambers: Computational Models for the Study of the Conspiracy Subculture in Facebook' (2024), Social Indicators Research [online]
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Rustan, A.S., 'Communication in Indonesian Social Media: Avoiding Hate Speeches, Intolerance and Hoax' (2020), Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 11(2), pp. 174-185
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Ruthchild, C., 'Don’t frighten the horses! A systemic perspective on violence against lesbians and gay men' (1997), in Mason, G. & Tomsen, S. (eds.) Homophobic Violence. Australia: Hawkins Press.
Ruttloff, D., Haak, J., Groos, L., Moch, M., Mittler, N., Tophoven-Sedrakyan, T. & Borucki, I., 'Disinformation, hate speech, and fake news. How much negativity did the parties spread on social media during the 2021 election campaign?' (2024), in E. Guevara & A. Theviot (Eds.) Elections and Social Networks around the World (pp. 352–369), London: Routledge
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Ruz, G., 'Demystifying Masculinity: Exploring the Queer Subject and Homophobia in Fernanda Melchor’s Temporada de Huracanes (2017) | Desmitificando la masculinidad: la presencia del sujeto queer y la homofobia en Temporada de huracanes (2017) de Fernanda Melchor' (2024), Lexis (Peru), 48(2), pp. 950–985
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Ryan Kelly, C., 'Caught on Tape: White Masculinity and Obscene Enjoyment' (2023), New York: Oxford University Press
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