Publications: S
Sang, Y. & Stanton, J., 'The Origin and Value of Disagreement Among Data Labelers: A Case Study of Individual Differences in Hate Speech Annotation' (2022), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13192 LNCS, pp. 425-444
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Sangalang, C.C., '“I’m sick of being called a hero – I want to get paid like one”: Filipino American frontline workers’ health under conditions of COVID-19 and racial capitalism' (2022), Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 977955
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Sanguinetti, M., Poletto, F., Bosco, C., Patti, V., & Stranisci, M., 'An Italian Twitter Corpus of Hate Speech against Immigrants' (2018), Conference Proceedings, LREC
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Sanjurjo, V.A., 'Can hateful religious speech for reasons of gender, orientation and sexual identity be considered a hate crime? | [¿Es el discurso religioso odioso por razones de género, orientación e identidad sexual un discurso de odio?]' (2021), Revista de Derecho Politico, (112), pp. 175-214
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Sanoussi, M.S.A., Xiaohua, C., Agordzo, G.K., Guindo, M.L., Al Omari, A.M.M.A. & Issa, B.M., 'Detection of Hate Speech Texts Using Machine Learning Algorithm' (2022), 2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference, CCWC 2022, pp. 266-273
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Santamaría-Velascoa, F. & Ortiz, A.R., 'Hatred Expressives Institutionalized in Colombian Political Discourse. An Analysis of ‘Guerrilero’, ‘Castrochavista’, ‘Vándalo’ and ‘Gente de Bien’ | Expressões de ódio institucionalizados no discurso político colombiano. Uma análise sobre ‘guerrilheiro’, ‘castrochavista’, vândalo’ e ‘gente de bem’' (2023), Signo y Pensamiento, 42
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Santana, B.S., Vanin, A.A. & Wives, L.K., 'Sexist Hate Speech: Identifying Potential Online Verbal Violence Instances' (2022), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13208 LNAI, pp. 177-187
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Santellano, K., Higuera, K. & Arriaga, F., 'Latina Educators in Sociology: Combating Trumpism with Critical Pedagogy' (2021), Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, 7(1), pp. 134-140
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Santhiya, S., Uma, S., Abinaya, N., Jayadharshini, P., Priyanka, S. & Dharshini, M.N., 'A Comparative Exploration in Text Classification for Hate Speech and Offensive Language Detection Using BERT-Based and GloVe Embeddings' (2024), 2024 2nd International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2024, pp. 1506–1509
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Santini, R.M., Salles, D. & Barros, C.E., 'We love to hate George Soros: A cross-platform analysis of the Globalism conspiracy theory campaign in Brazil' (2022), Convergence [online]
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Santos, A.R.S.D., Rodrigues, C.M.D.O. & De Melo, H.B.S, 'Identifying Xenophobia in Twitter Posts Using Support Vector Machine with TF/IDF Strategy' (2022), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, Par F180474, 37
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Santos, D.L., 'Negative campaigning. Comparative analysis of the hate speech broadcast by Catalonian political leaders on their official Twitter accounts and television | Negatividad en procesos electorales. Análisis comparative del discurso de odio difundido por los líderes politicos catalanes en su cuenta oficial de Twitter y en televisión' (2023), Doxa Comunicacion, 2023(37)
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Santos, G.L., dos Santos, V.G., Kearns, C., Sinclair, G., Black, J., Doidge, M., Fletcher, T., Kilvington, D., Endo, P.T., Liston, K. & Lynn, T., 'Kicking Prejudice: Large Language Models for Racism Classification in Soccer Discourse on Social Media' (2024), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 14663 LNCS, pp. 547–562
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Santos, R.B., Matos, B.C., Carvalho, P., Batista, F. & Ribeiro, R., 'Semi-Supervised Annotation of Portuguese Hate Speech Across Social Media Domains' (2022), OpenAccess Series in Informatics, 104, 11
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Santosa, H., Rachman, F., Austen, S.A., Christianto & Girsang, A.S., 'IndoBERT for classifying hate speech in Twitter' (2024), AIP Conference Proceedings, 3026(1), 050015
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Sanya, A.D. & Suadaa, L.H., 'Handling Imbalanced Dataset on Hate Speech Detection in Indonesian Online News Comments' (2022), 2022 10th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, ICoICT 2022, pp. 380-385
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Sardo, A., 'Hate Speech: A Pragmatic Assessment of the European Court of Human Rights’ Jurisprudence' (2022), European Convention on Human Rights Law Review, 4(1), pp. 58-99
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Sari, T.I., Ardilla, Z.N., Hayatin, N. & Maskat, R., 'Abusive comment identification on Indonesian social media data using hybrid deep learning' (2022), IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 11(3), pp. 895-904
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Sarikakis, K., Kassa, B.E., Fenz, N., Goldschmitt S., Kasser, J. & Nowotarski, L., '“My haters and I”: Personal and political responses to hate speech against female journalists in Austria' (2021), Feminist Media Studies [online]
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Sarikakis, K., Mills, A., Maurer, A. & Khoschsorur, F., 'Far-right nationalism and populism in Europe: Assaults on press freedom' (2017), University of Vienna, Vienna Media Governance and Media Industries Lab
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Sarkar, S. & Rajan, B., 'Materiality and Discursivity of Cyber Violence Against Women in India' (2021), Journal of Creative Communications [online]
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Sarker, M., Hossain, M.F., Liza, F.R., Sakib, S.N. & Al Farooq, A., 'A Machine Learning Approach to Classify Anti-social Bengali Comments on Social Media' (2022), 2022 International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ICAEEE 2022
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Särmä, S., 'Underbelly: Making Online Hate Visible' (2020), New Perspectives, 28(1), pp. 128-141
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Sarre, R., 'Religious violence: An international reflection' (1991), Criminology Australia, 3(1), 22
Sarre, R. & Tomsen, S., 'Violence and HIV/AIDS: Exploring the link between homophobic violence and HIV/AIDS as a ‘gay disease’' (1997), in Mason, G. & Tomsen, S. (eds.) Homophobic Violence. Australia: Hawkins Press.
Sathishkumar, R., Govindarajan, M., Deepankumar, R., 'Hate Speech Detection in Social Media Using Ensemble Method in Classifiers' (2024), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 915, pp. 209–222
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Sathishkumar, R., Karthikeyan, T., Praveen, K.P. & Shamsundar, S.M., 'Ensemble Text Classification with TF-IDF Vectorization for Hate Speech Detection in Social Media' (2023), 2023 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2023
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Sato, M., 'A Digital Turn: Recognizing Asian Gendered Resistance During the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2022), ACME, 21(3), pp. 303-310
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Sato, A., 'Sanitising Social Media and the Production of Non-political Creative Content' (2022), Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 23(1), pp. 78-96
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Satyanarayana, K., 'Caste violence: Free speech or atrocity?' (2019), in P.K. Malreddy, A.S. Purakayastha & B. Heidemann (Eds.) Violence in South Asia: Contemporary Perspectives (pp. 37-51), London & New York: Routledge
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Saucier, D.A., Brown, T.L., Mitchell, R.C. & Cawman, A.J., 'Effects of victims’ characteristics on attitudes toward hate crimes' (2006), Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21(7), pp.890-909
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Saud, J. & Mozin, N., 'Hate speech law and its analysis on technological information manipulation' (2022), AIP Conference Proceedings, 2573, 040003-1
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Saufi, N.N.M., Kamaruddin, S. & Upadhyay, N.K., 'Policing Cyber Hate: A Comparative Analysis Between Malaysia and India' (2022), Indian Journal of Law and Justice, 13(2), pp. 29-49
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Saufi, N.N.M., Kamaruddin, S., Mohammad, A.M., Jabar, N.A.A., Rosli, W.R.W. & Talib, Z.M., 'Disruptive AI Technology and Hate Speech: A Legal Redress in Malaysia' (2023), 2023 International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2023, pp. 759–763
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Saul, B., 'Submission to the Australian Law Reform Commission Review of Commonwealth Sedition Laws' (2006), University of New South Wales Gilbert and Tobin Centre of Public Law
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Saumya, S., Kumar, A. & Singh, J.P., 'Filtering offensive language from multilingual social media contents: A deep learning approach' (2024), Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 133, 108159
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Sausdal, D., 'Police Prejudice or Logics? Analyzing the “Bornholm Murder Case”' (2022), Conflict and Society, 8(1), pp. 1-19
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Sauvé, J.-S., 'Prohibiting discrimination against trans∗ people: Improving the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms by adding “gender identity” and “gender expression” to the list of defined discriminations' (2015), Enfances, Familles, Generations, 23, pp.108-126
Savelsberg, J. & King, R., 'Institutionalizing collective memories of hate: Law and law enforcement in Germany and the United States' (2005), American Journal of Sociology, 111(2), pp.579-616
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Savimäki, T., Kaakinen, M., Räsänen, P. & Oksanen, A., 'Disquieted by online hate: Negative experiences of Finnish adolescents and young adults' (2018), European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research [online], pp.1-15
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Savoia, E., Su, M., Harriman, N. & Testa, M.A., 'Evaluation of A School Campaign to Reduce Hatred' (2019), Journal for Deradicalization, (21), pp. 43-83
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Saxena, S., Dixit, A.K. & Memoria, M., 'A Study of Web 3.0 Blockchain and Natural Learning Process Programming Study: Hate Discourse Detection' (2023), Proceedings of International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics, IC3I 2023, pp. 142–146
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Saxena, S., Dixit, A.K., Pandey, S., Pachouri, V., Aluvala, S. & Juyal, A., 'Examining Internet-based Hate Crime Through Artificial Intelligence' (2024), Proceedings - 2024 3rd International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2024, pp. 158–163
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Sayer, D., 'Hundreds and hundreds' (2023), Anthropology and Humanism [online]
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Sayyid, S., 'Islamophobia and the Europeanness of the other Europe' (2018), Patterns of Prejudice, 52(5), pp.420-435
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Sazany, E. & Budi, I., 'Hate Speech Identification in Text Written in Indonesian With Recurrent Neural Network' (2019), 2019 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems, ICACSIS 2019, 8979959, pp. 211-216
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Scahill, A., 'Can hate speech be free speech?' (1994), Australasian Gay and Lesbian Law Journal, 4, 1
Scanlan, B. & Singleton, M., 'Gay and lesbian community: Implications for police' (1996), Policing Issues and Practice Journal, 4(2), 34
Scaramuzzino, G., 'Shrinking or expanding access to civic space? The consequences of hate speech, threats and harassment within Swedish civil society' (2023), Journal of Civil Society [online]
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Schäfer, S., Rebasso, I., Boyer, M.M. & Planitzer, A.M., 'Can We Counteract Hate? Effects of Online Hate Speech and Counter Speech on the Perception of Social Groups' (2023), Communication Research [online]
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