Publications: Cyber hate (online hate crime)
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Cohen, S., Presil, D., Katz, O., Arbili, O., Messica, S. & Rokach, L., 'Enhancing social network hate detection using back translation and GPT-3 augmentations during training and test-time' (2023), Information Fusion, 99, 101887
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Taking North American White Supremacist groups seriously: The scope and the challenge of hate speech on the internet' (2018), International Journal For Crime, Justice And Social Democracy, 7(2), pp.38-57
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Social responsibility on the Internet: Addressing the challenge of cyberbullying' (2018), Aggression and Violent Behavior, 39, pp.42-52
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'The Responsibility of the Education System in Combatting Bullying and Cyberbullying' (2022), Albany Law Journal of Science & Technology, (32)3. Pp. 279-297
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Hate Speech' (2022), International Journal of Technoethics, 13(1)
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Google and Corporate Social Responsibility: YouTube in the Service of Terrorism' (2022), Perspectives on Terrorism, 16(5), pp. 46-61
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Cohen-Almagor, R, 'Facebook and Holocaust denial' (2016), 57, pp.10-16
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Jihad online: How do terrorists use the internet?' (2016), in Francisco Campos Freire, Xosé Rúas Araújo, Valentín Alejandro Martínez Fernández, and Xosé López García (eds.), Media and Metamedia Management, pp.55-66
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Collingwood, L., '‘Electronic communications media: how to regulate the hate!’' (2022), Information and Communications Technology Law [online]
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Collins, J., 'Mobilising Extremism in Times of Change: Analysing the UK’s Far-Right Online Content During the Pandemic' (2023), European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research [online]
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Collins, J., 'More Than Meets the Reply: Examining Emotional Belonging in Far-Right Social Media Space' (2024), Social Media and Society, 10(3)
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Colussi, J., García-Estévez, N. & Ballesteros-Aguayo, L., 'Polarization and hatred on TikTok against Spain’s Trans Law | Polarização e ódio no Tik Tok contra a Lei Trans da Espanha' (2024), Icono14, 22(1), e2088
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Community Security Trust, 'Antisemitic content on Twitter' (2018)
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Constantin, M.G., Parvu, D.-S., Stanciu, C., Ionascu, D. & Ionescu, B., 'Hateful meme detection with multimodal deep neural networks' (2021), ISSCS 2021 - International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, 9497374
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Constantinou, M. & Baider, F.H., 'Covert Hate Speech: A Contrastive Study of Greek and Greek Cypriot Online Discussions with an Emphasis on Irony' (2020), Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 8(2), pp. 262-287
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Conti, M., Pajola, L. & Tricomi, P.P., 'Turning captchas against humanity: Captcha-based attacks in online social media' (2023), Online Social Networks and Media, 36, 100252
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Coppolillo, E., 'Women who hate men: a comparative analysis across extremist Reddit communities' (2025), Scientific Reports, 15(1), 13952
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Corazza, M., Menini, S., Cabrio, E., Tonelli, S. & Villata, S., 'A Multilingual Evaluation for Online Hate Speech Detection' (2020), ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 20(2), 3377323
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Corbu, N., Buturoiu, R., Ștefăniță, O. & Dumitrache, A., 'Exposure to Online Hateful Content and Users’ Engagement: A Silencing Effect' (2024), International Journal of Communication, 18, pp. 5629–5651
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Cordón, P., Mata, J., Pachón, V. & Domínguez, J.L., 'I2C-UHU at CLEF-2023 EXIST task: Leveraging Ensembling Language Models to Detect Multilingual Sexism in Social Media' (2023), Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2023), pp. 901-907
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Corizzo, R., Lewis, N., Damasceno, L.P., Shafer, A., Cavalcante, C.C. & Boukouvalas, Z., 'Multimodal One-class Learning for Malicious Online Content Detection' (2023), Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023, pp. 2146–2151
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Cornish, R. & Tranter, K., 'Dismissals for Social Media Hate Speech in South Africa: Animalistic Dehumanisation and the Circulation of Racist Words and Images' (2022), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
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Costa, S., 'IN[The Hate Booth]: A gamified installation to contain online hate speech' (2022), Proceedings - 3rd International Conference on Digital Creation in Arts, Media and Technology: Emerging Extended Realities, ARTeFACTo 2022
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Costa, S., da Silva, B.M. & Tavares, M., 'Video games and gamification against online hate speech?' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 3483679
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Costa, S., da Silva, B.M., & Tavares, M., 'Tackling Online Hate Speech?: Play Your Role!' (2022), Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, 422 LNICST, pp. 79-93
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Costa, S., Martins, A., Silva, B. & Martins, A., 'Exploring Online Hate Speech in Gaming Communities: Insights from Focus Groups with Young Players | Estudo do Discurso de Ódio Online em Comunidades de Jogos: Perspetivas de Grupos de Foco com Jogadores Jovens' (2024), Estudos em Comunicacao, 2(39), pp. 108–121
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & da Silva, B.M., 'IN[The Hate Booth]: a Gamified Installation to Counteract Hate Speech' (2023), Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, 479 LNICST, pp. 161-173
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & da Silva, B.M., 'In[the Hate Booth]: A Case Study on How to Deal with Online Hate Speech' (2024), Springer Series in Design and Innovation, 33, pp. 259–276
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & Mendes da Silva, B., 'The Enredo Game-Installation: A Proposal to Counter Hate Speech Online' (2023), in N. Martins & D. Brandão (Eds.) Springer Series in Design and Innovation (Vol. 27) (pp. 307-320), Cham: Springer
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Costello, M. & Hawdon, J., 'Hate Speech in Online Spaces' (2020), in T.J. Holt & A.M. Bossler (Eds.) The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance (pp. 1397-1416). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
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Costello, M., Hawdon, J., Bernatzky, C. & Mendes, K., 'Social Group Identity and Perceptions of Online Hate' (2019), Sociological Inquiry, 89(3), pp. 427-452
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Costello, M., Hawdon, J., Reichelmann, A.V., Oksanen, A. Blaya, C., Llorent, V.J., Räsänen, P. & Zych, I., 'Defending Others Online: The Influence of Observing Formal and Informal Social Control on One’s Willingness to Defend Cyberhate Victims' (2023), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(15), 6506
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Costello, M., Restifo, S.J. & Hawdon, J., 'Viewing anti-immigrant hate online: An application of routine activity and Social Structure-Social Learning Theory' (2021), Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106927
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Costello, M., Vishwamitra, N., Liao, S., Cheng, L., Luo, F. & Hu, H., 'COVID-19 and Sinophobia: Detecting Warning Signs of Radicalization on Twitter and Reddit' (2023), Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(7), pp. 546–553
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Costigan, S.S. & Tagarev, T., 'Countering Crime, Hate Speech, and Disinformation in Cyberspace' (2021), Connections, 20(2), pp. 5-8
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Cover, R., 'Digital hostility, subjectivity and ethics: Theorising the disruption of identity in instances of mass online abuse and hate speech' (2022), Convergence [online]
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Cover, R., 'Identity and Digital Communication: Concepts, Theories, Practices' (2023), London: Routledge
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Cowls, J. & Ma, C., 'The Internet’s Town Square? A Critical Discourse Analysis of Parler’s “Past Imaginary”' (2023), Social Media and Society, 9(2)
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Cranmer, S., 'Disabled Children’s Recreational Uses of Digital Technologies in the Context of Children’s Digital Rights' (2024), in A.E. Beckett & A.-M. Callus (Eds.) The Lives of Children and Adolescents with Disabilities (pp. 105–125), London: Routledge
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Cripps, J. & Stermac, L., 'Cyber-sexual violence and negative emotional states among women in a Canadian University' (2018), International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 12(1), pp.171-186
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Criss, S., Nguyen, T.T., Michaels, E.K., Gee, G.C., Kiang, M.V., Nguyen, Q.C., Norton, S., Titherington, E., Nguyen, L., Yardi, I., Kim, M., Thai, N., Shepherd, A. & Kennedy, C.J., 'Solidarity and strife after the Atlanta spa shootings: A mixed methods study characterizing Twitter discussions by qualitative analysis and machine learning' (2023), Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 952069
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Cruschina, S. & Gianollo, C. (Eds.), 'An Investigation of Hate Speech in Italian: Use, Identification, and Perception' (2024), Helsinki, Finland: Helsinki University Press
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Cruz, R.M.O., de Sousa, W.V. & Cavalcanti, G.D.C., 'Selecting and combining complementary feature representations and classifiers for hate speech detection' (2022), Online Social Networks and Media, 28, 100194
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Cuevas-Calderón, E., Dongo, E.Y. & Kanashiro, L., 'Spreadability and hate speech of radical conservatism: The Peruvian case on TikTok' (2023), Punctum International Journal of Semiotics, 9(2), pp. 27–53
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Cuevas-Cerveró, A., Colmenero-Ruiz, M.-J. & Martínez-Ávila, D., 'Critical information literacy as a form of information activism' (2023), Journal of Academic Librarianship, 49(6), 102786
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Curry, A.C., Attanasio, G., Nozza, D. & Hovy, D., 'MilaNLP at SemEval-2023 Task 10: Ensembling Domain-Adapted and Regularized Pretrained Language Models for Robust Sexism Detection' (2023), 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval 2023 - Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 2067–2074
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Cuzzocrea, A., Akter, M.S., Shahriar, H. & Garcia Bringas, P., 'Cyberbullying Detection, Prevention, and Analysis on Social Media via Trustable LSTM-Autoencoder Networks over Synthetic Data: The TLA-NET Approach' (2025), Future Internet, 17(2), 84
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Czymara, C.S. & Gorodzeisky, A., 'Hostility on Twitter in the aftermath of terror attacks' (2024), Journal of Computational Social Science [online]
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Czymara, C.S., Dochow-Sondershaus, S., Drouhot, L.G., Simsek, M. & Spörlein, C., 'Catalyst of hate? Ethnic insulting on YouTube in the aftermath of terror attacks in France, Germany and the United Kingdom 2014–2017' (2022), Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies [online]
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D'Sa, A.G., Illina, I. & Fohr, D., 'BERT and fastText Embeddings for Automatic Detection of Toxic Speech' (2020), Proceedings of 2020 International Multi-Conference on: Organization of Knowledge and Advanced Technologies, OCTA 2020, 9151853
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