Publications: Racist hate crime
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Ross, C.T., 'A multi-level Bayesian analysis of racial bias in police shootings at the county-level in the United States, 2011-2014' (2015), PLoS ONE, 10(11), Article number e0141854
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Roussos, G. & Dovidio, J.F., 'Hate speech is in the eye of the beholder: The influence of racial attitudes and freedom of speech beliefs on perceptions of racially motivated threats of violence' (2018), Social Psychological and Personality Science [online]
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Rowe, M., 'Policing, race and racism' (2004), Cullompton: Willan
Rowe, M. & Garland, J., 'Paying the price? Why football still has a problem: Mike Rowe and Jon Garland assess the ongoing presence of racism in football' (2012), Criminal Justice Matters, 88(1), pp.30-31
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Roxburgh, A., 'Preachers of hate: The rise of the far right' (2002), London: Gibson Square Books
Roxell, L., 'Hate, threats, and violence. A register study of persons suspected of hate crime' (2011), Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention, 12(2), pp.198-215
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Rule, A. & Silvester, J., 'The stink, the fink and the missing link: Nazi madness' (1997), in Rule, A. & Silvester, J. (eds.) Underbelly: True Crime Stories. Floradale Productions & Sly Ink
Rumney, P., 'The British experience of racist hate speech regulation: A lesson for First Amendment absolutists?' (2003), Common Law World Review, 32(2), pp.117-160
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Ryan Kelly, C., 'Caught on Tape: White Masculinity and Obscene Enjoyment' (2023), New York: Oxford University Press
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Ryan, E. & Leeson, T., 'Hate groups and hate crime' (2011), International Review of Law & Economics, 31(4), pp.256-262
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Sabharwal, M., Becerra, A. & Oh, S., 'From the Chinese Exclusion Act to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Historical Analysis of “Otherness” Experienced by Asian Americans in the United States' (2022), Public Integrity, 24(6), pp. 535-549
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Sabie-Aridi, A.S., Burrell, D.N., Nobles, C., Richardson, K. & Kemp, R.E., 'Challenging and changing discrimination against Asian-American cybersecurity and engineering employees in information technology workplaces' (2022), International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development, 14(1)
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Sabina, C., Perez, G., Cuevas, C.A. & Farrell, A., 'Which Latinos Experience Bias Victimization? An Examination of Acculturation, Immigrant Status, and Socio-economic Status' (2023), Journal of Interpersonal Violence [online]
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Safi, A.Q., Saeedi, S.S., Agustin, H., Rizal, E. & Sapi, A.M., 'Cultural Differences and Discrimination: Afghan Immigrants’ Experiences in Germany' (2024), Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies [online]
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Said-Hung, E. & Diaz, J. M. (Eds.), 'News Media and Hate Speech Promotion in Mediterranean Countries' (2023), Hershey, PA: IGI Global
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Sainju, K.D., Zaidi, H., Mishra, N. & Kuffour, A., 'Xenophobic Bullying and COVID-19: An Exploration Using Big Data and Qualitative Analysis' (2022), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4824
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Sakki, I. & Castrén, L., 'Dehumanization through humour and conspiracies in online hate towards Chinese people during the COVID-19 pandemic' (2022), British Journal of Social Psychology [online]
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Sangalang, C.C., '“I’m sick of being called a hero – I want to get paid like one”: Filipino American frontline workers’ health under conditions of COVID-19 and racial capitalism' (2022), Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 977955
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Santellano, K., Higuera, K. & Arriaga, F., 'Latina Educators in Sociology: Combating Trumpism with Critical Pedagogy' (2021), Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, 7(1), pp. 134-140
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Santos, G.L., dos Santos, V.G., Kearns, C., Sinclair, G., Black, J., Doidge, M., Fletcher, T., Kilvington, D., Endo, P.T., Liston, K. & Lynn, T., 'Kicking Prejudice: Large Language Models for Racism Classification in Soccer Discourse on Social Media' (2024), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 14663 LNCS, pp. 547–562
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Sarikakis, K., Mills, A., Maurer, A. & Khoschsorur, F., 'Far-right nationalism and populism in Europe: Assaults on press freedom' (2017), University of Vienna, Vienna Media Governance and Media Industries Lab
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Sato, M., 'A Digital Turn: Recognizing Asian Gendered Resistance During the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2022), ACME, 21(3), pp. 303-310
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Sausdal, D., 'Police Prejudice or Logics? Analyzing the “Bornholm Murder Case”' (2022), Conflict and Society, 8(1), pp. 1-19
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Schäfer, S., Rebasso, I., Boyer, M.M. & Planitzer, A.M., 'Can We Counteract Hate? Effects of Online Hate Speech and Counter Speech on the Perception of Social Groups' (2023), Communication Research [online]
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Schmid, P.C. & Amodio, D.M., 'Power effects on implicit prejudice and stereotyping: The role of intergroup face processing' (2016), Social Neuroscience, pp.1-14
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Schumann, S. & Moore, Y., 'The COVID-19 Outbreak as a Trigger Event for Sinophobic Hate Crimes in the United Kingdom' (2023), British Journal of Criminology, 63(2), pp. 367–383
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Sciurba, K., 'Depicting Hate: Picture Books and the Realities of White Supremacist Crime and Violence' (2020), Teachers College Record, 122(8), pp. 117-143
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Seaton, E.K., Gee, G.C., Neblett, E. & Spanierman, L., 'New directions for racial discrimination research as inspired by the integrative model' (2018), American Psychologist, 73(6), pp.768-780
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Sedláková, R., 'Anti-Chinese sentiment in the Czech public service media during the COVID-19 pandemic' (2021), Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 17(1), pp. 65-86
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Seepersad, R. & Wortley, S., 'Ethnicity and crime victimisation in Trinidad and Tobago' (2018), in K.J. Joosen & C.A. Bailey (Eds). Caribbean Crime and Criminal Justice. London: Routledge.
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Selvarajah, S., Kenar, N., Shaw, I.S. & Dhakal, P. (Eds.), 'Xenophobia in the Media: Critical Global Perspectives' (2024), London: Routledge
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Shah, S., Yuan, X. & Tyler, Z., 'An Analysis of COVID-19 related Twitter Data for Asian Hate Speech Using Machine Learning Algorithms' (2022), 2022 1st International Conference on AI in Cybersecurity, ICAIC 2022
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Shearman, S.M., Morin, A. & Muldrow, A.F., 'Campus Integration and Campus Climate at a Predominantly White Institution in the South' (2022), Howard Journal of Communications [online]
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Sheehan, P., 'Girls like you' (2006), Pan Macmillan Australia.
Shi, L., Zhang, D., Martin, E., Chen, Z., Li, H., Han, X., Wen, M., Chen, L., Li, Y., Li, J., Chen, B, Ramos, A.K., King, K.M., Michaud, T. & Su, D., 'Racial Discrimination, Mental Health and Behavioral Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a National Survey in the United States' (2022), Journal of General Internal Medicine [online]
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Shimkhada, R. & Ponce, N.A., 'Surveying Hate and Its Effects During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Asian Americans and Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders' (2022), American journal of public health, 112(10), pp. 1446-1453
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Shin, R., Lim, M. & Hsieh, K., 'Engaging Students with Art-Based S-R-C (Sense of Belonging, Resistance, and Coalition Building) Strategies for Anti-Racism' (2023), International Journal of Art and Design Education, 42(1), pp. 172-191
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Shirlow, P., Taylor, L.K., Merrilees, C.E., Goeke-Morey, M.C. & Cummings, E.M., 'Hate crime: Record or perception?' (2013), Space and Polity, 17(2), pp.237-252
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Shodiya-Zeumault, S., DeBlaere, C., Aiello, M., Said, I.A. & Davis, D.E., 'Responses to the Unite the Right Rally: Perceptions, Stress, and the Moderating Role of Interpersonal Proximity' (2021), Race and Social Problems, 13(4), pp. 320-329
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Shoop, T., 'A place called Ilda: Race and resilience at a Northern Virginia crossroads' (2024), Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press
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Shrikant, N., Giles, H. & Angus, D., 'Language and Social Psychology Approaches to Race, Racism, and Social Justice: Analyzing the Past and Revealing Ways Forward' (2022), Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 41(1), pp. 4-28
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Siapera, E., 'AI Content Moderation, Racism and (de)Coloniality' (2021), International Journal of Bullying Prevention [online]
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Siapera, E. & Viejo-Otero, P., 'Governing Hate: Facebook and Digital Racism' (2021), Television and New Media, 22(2), pp. 112-130
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Sibbitt, R., 'The perpetrators of racial harassment and racial violence' (1997), Home Office Research Study 176. London: Home Office
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Siegel, A.A., Nikitin, E., Barberá, P., Sterling, J., Pullen, B., Bonneau, R., Nagler, J. & Tucker, J.A., 'Trumping hate on Twitter? Online hate speech in the 2016 U.S. Election campaign and its aftermath' (2021), Quarterly Journal of Political Science, 16(1), pp. 71-104
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Siegel, M., Sherman, R., Li, C. & Knopov, A., 'The Relationship between Racial Residential Segregation and Black-White Disparities in Fatal Police Shootings at the City Level, 2013–2017' (2019), Journal of the National Medical Association [online]
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Silva, C. & Carvalho, P., 'When Can Compliments and Humour Be Considered Hate Speech? A Perspective From Target Groups in Portugal | Quando É que os Elogios e o Humor Podem Ser Considerados Discurso de Ódio? Uma Perspetiva dos Grupos-Alvo em Portugal' (2023), Comunicacao e Sociedade, 43, e023006
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Simpson, E., 'Spinning Hate: Mississippi’s Post-Brown PR Offensive and the Secret Campaign Against ‘Agitators,’ 1956-1960' (2024), American Journalism [online]
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Sims, G.M., Kia-Keating, M., Sanchez, A., Beylin, N., Evans, M. & Tran, M., 'Anti-Asian American Discrimination and COVID-19: Living with Fear' (2022), International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 11(3), pp. 206-213
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Singh, J., 'Desire, patriotism, and Sikh subjectivity' (2017), Sikh Formations: Religion, Culture, Theory [online], pp. 1-14
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