Publications: Criminal justice responses to hate crime

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Wu, Y., Smith, B.W. & Sun, I.Y., 'Race/ethnicity and perceptions of police bias: The case of Chinese immigrants' (2013), Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 11(1-2), pp.71-92

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Young, D.M., Levinson, J.D. & Sinnett, S., 'Innocent until primed: Mock Jurors’ racially biased response to the presumption of innocence' (2014), PLoS ONE, 9(3)
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Zagrodzki, M., 'The police and the Roma community in Hungary' (2013), in Tomita, M. (2013) Fourth International Conference on Psycho-Social Perspectives in the Quasi-Coercive Treatment of Offenders: Social Control and Vulnerable Groups.

Zaykowski, H., 'Racial disparities in hate crime reporting' (2010), VIolence and Victims, 25(3), pp.378-394
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Zempi, I., 'Nottinghamshire Police: Experiences of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) police officers as victims of hate crimes/incidents (externally) and of bias and prejudice (internally)' (2020), Nottingham Trent University & the Office of Nottinghamshire Police and Crime Commissioner
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Zhang, C. & Zhang, B., 'Willingness to report hate crimes: How attitudes, police perceptions, and sexual orientation shape bystander response' (2025), Journal of Criminal Justice, 97, 102375
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