Publications: Criminal justice responses to hate crime
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Mason, G., McCulloch, J. & Maher, J., 'Policing prejudice motivated crime: A research case study' (2014), in Chakraborti, N. & Garland, J. (Eds.) Responding to hate crime: The case for connecting policy and research. Policy Press.
Mason-Bish, H., 'Future challenges for hate crime policy: Lessons from the past' (2010), in Chakraborti, N. (ed.) (2010) Hate Crime: Concepts, policy, future directions, Devon: Willan Publishing
Mason-Bish, H., 'Examining the boundaries of hate crime policy' (2013), Criminal Justice Policy Review, 24(3), pp.297-316
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Matassa, M. & Newburn, T., 'Policing hate crime' (2002), Criminal Justice Matters, 48(1), pp.42-43
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McCann, W.S &, Pimley, N., 'Eliminating Extremism: A Legal Analysis of Hate Crime and Terrorism Laws in the United States' (2019), Terrorism and Political Violence [online]
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McDonald, E., 'No straight answer: Homophobia as both an aggravating factor in New Zealand in homicide cases' (2006), Victoria University of Wellington Law Review, 37(2), pp.223-248
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McGhee, D., 'Joined-up government, “community safety” and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender “active citizens”' (2003), Critical Social Policy, 23(3), pp.345-374
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McGuire, K. & Salter, M., 'Islam and religious hate crime: Exploring the role of religion and crime' (2022), in P. Birch, C. Murray & A. McInnes (Eds.) Crime, Criminal Justice and Religion: A Critical Appraisal (pp. 179-192), London: Routledge
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McLaughlin, E., 'Cause for concern: The policing of hate crime' (2002), Criminal Justice Matters, 48(1), pp.38-39
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McManus, J., 'Systems not words? Some organisational response to hate crimes' (2002), Criminal Justice Matters, 48(1), pp.44-45
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McNamara, L., 'Anti-vilification Laws: Protecting whom from what?' (1994), Socio-Legal Bulletin, 13, 28
McNamara, L., 'Criminalising racial hatred: Learning from the Canadian experience' (1994), Australian Journal of Human Rights, 1(1), pp.198-210
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McNamara, L. & Solomon, T., 'The Commonwealth Racial Hatred Act 1995: Achievement or disappointment?' (1996), Adelaide Law Review, 18(2), pp.259-288
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McPhail, B. & Jenness, V., 'To charge or not to charge? That is the question: The pursuit of strategic advantage in prosecutorial decision-making surrounding hate crime' (2005), Journal of Hate Studies, 4(1), pp. 89-119
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McPhail, B.A. & DiNitto, D.M., 'Prosecutorial perspectives on gender-bias hate crimes' (2005), Violence Against Women, 11(9), pp.1162-1185
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Meagher, D., 'So far so good?: A critical evaluation of racial vilification laws in Australia' (2004), Federal Law Review, 32(2), pp.225-254
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Mellos, S.R., '‘Defining and recognising are not the same’: Challenges to tackling hate crime in a performance culture' (2009), British Journal of Community Justice, 7(3)
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Mills, J.M., Lantz, B. & Wenger, M.R., 'The Social Production of Hate Crime Statistics: The Differential Construction of Islamophobic Hate Crime by the Media and Law Enforcement' (2024), Crime and Delinquency [online]
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Mitchell, O. & Caudy, M.S., 'Examining racial disparities in drug arrests' (2013), Justice Quarterly
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Moore, A.D., 'Method of attack: A supplemental model for hate crime analysis' (2015), Indiana Law Review, 90(4), pp. 1706-1726
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Moran, L., 'Invisible minorities: Challenging community and neighbourhood models of policing' (2007), Criminology and Criminal Justice, 7(4), pp.417-441
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Moran, L., 'Policing and prosecuting hate crime in the UK' (2009), (2009 Hate Crime and Vilification Law Roundtable, Sydney Institute of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Sydney, 29 August 2009)
Moran, L. & Sharpe, A., 'Policing the transgender/violence relation' (2002), Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 13(3), pp.269-285
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Moran, L.J. & Sharpe, A.N., 'Violence, identity and policing: The case of violence against transgender people' (2004), Criminal Justice, 4(4), pp.395-417
Morewitz, S.J., 'Hate crimes' (2008), Death Threats and Violence, pp.102-118
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Morgan, J., 'US hate crime legislation: A legal model to avoid in Australia' (2002), Journal of Sociology, 38(1), pp.25-48
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Morsch, J., 'The problem of motive in hate crimes: The argument against presumptions of racial motivation' (1991), Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 82, pp.659-689
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Moss, I., 'The report of the National Inquiry into Racist Violence' (1991), Aboriginal Law Bulletin, 1(49), 4
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Murauskienė, D., Jurka, R. & Zajančkauskienė, J., 'The instigation of hatred: Questions of legal evaluation and procedural issues' (2020), Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(2), pp. 896-913
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Murji, K. & Cutler, D., 'From a force into a service? The police, racial attacks, and equal opportunities' (1990), Critical Social Policy, 10(29), pp.92-99
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Murphy, J.G., 'Bias crimes: What do haters deserve?' (1992), Criminal Justice Ethics, 11(2), pp.20-23
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Myers, W. & Lantz, B., 'Reporting Racist Hate Crime Victimization to the Police in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-National Comparison' (2020), British Journal of Criminology, 60(4), pp. 1034-1055
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Nash, D. & Bakalis, C., 'Incitement to religious hatred and the “symbolic”: How will the Racial and Religious Hatred Act 2006 work?' (2007), Liverpool Law Review, 28(3), pp.349-375
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Nearpass, G.R., 'The overlooked constitutional objection and practical concerns to penalty-enhancement provisions of hate crime legislation' (2002), Albany Law Review, 66(2), pp.547-574
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Newburn, T. & Rock, P., 'Urban homelessless, crime and victimisation in England' (2006), International Review of Victimology, 13(2), pp.121-156
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Nicholson, D., 'The Commonwealth racial vilification legislation' (1993), Civil Liberty, 151, 4
Nolan III, James J., McDevitt, J., Cronin, S. & Farrell, A., 'Learning to see hate crimes: A framework for understanding and clarifying ambiguities in hate crime classification' (2004), Criminal Justice Studies: A Critical Journal of Crime, Law and Society, 17(1), pp.91-105
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Nolan, J.J. & Akiyama, Y., 'An analysis of factors that affect law enforcement participation in hate crime reporting' (1999), Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 15, pp.111-127
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Nolan, J.J., Akiyama, Y. & Berhanu, S., 'The Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990: Developing a method for measuring the occurrence of hate violence' (2002), American Behavioral Scientist, 46(1), pp.136-153
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Northern Ireland Policing Board, 'Thematic review of policing race hate crime' (2017), Belfast
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Oakes, R., Oakeley, A.K. & Goke-Pariola, R., 'The victimization and disparate treatment of racial and ethnic minorities' (2021), in R. Blasdell, L. Krieger-Sample & M. Kilburn (Eds.) Invisible Victims and the Pursuit of Justice: Analyzing Frequently Victimized Yet Rarely Discussed Populations (pp. 353-382), Hershey, PA: IGI Global
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Oboler, A. & Casanovas, P., 'The Web of Data’s Role in Legal Ecosystems to Address Violent Extremism Fuelled by Hate Speech in Social Media' (2021), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13048 LNAI, pp. 230-246
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Ortiz Salazar, A., 'Detecting hate crimes through machine learning and natural language processing' (2024), Police Practice and Research [online]
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Owusu-Bempah, A., 'Prosecuting hate crime: Procedural issues and the future of the aggravated offences' (2015), Legal Studies
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Palmer, N.A. & Kutateladze, B.L., 'What Prosecutors and the Police Should Do About Underreporting of Anti-LGBTQ Hate Crime' (2021), Sexuality Research and Social Policy [online]
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Parris, C.L. & Scheuerman, H.L., 'How social movements matter: Including sexual orientation in state-level hate crime legislation' (2015), Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change, 38, pp.231-257
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Pasculli, M.A., 'The dark side of social media: How does criminal law behave?' (2022), Bratislava Law Review, 6(2), pp. 113-128
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Pelletier, J. (Ed.), 'Hate Crimes in the United States' (2021), Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers
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Pérez Ramírez, M., Chiclana, S., Méndez, R.C. & Suárez, A., 'Sociodemographic and psycho social Differences Between Hate Crime Offenders and Other Non-Bias-Motivated Criminals: Implications for Prison Rehabilitation Programs' (2022), International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology [online]
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Perry, B., 'Policing hate crime in a multicultural society observations from Canada' (2010), International Journal of Law Crime and Justice, 38(3), pp.120-140
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