Publications: Hate crime policy
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Makouar, N., Devine, L. & Parker, S., 'Legislating to Control Online Hate Speech: A Corpus-Assisted Semantic Analysis of French Parliamentary Debates' (2023), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
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Malcom, Z.T., Wenger, M.R. & Lantz, B., 'Politics or Prejudice? Separating the Influence of Political Affiliation and Prejudicial Attitudes in Determining Support for Hate Crime Law' (2022), Psychology, Public Policy, and Law [online]
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Malik, B.A., '“Dignity Embodies Duty”: Islamic Perspective on Combating “Hate Speech”' (2022), Muslim World Journal of Human Rights [online]
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Marais, M.E. & Pretorius, J.L., 'The Constitutionality of the Prohibition of Hate Speech in Terms of Section 10(1) of the Equality Act: A Reply to Botha and Govindjee' (2019), Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 22, pp. 1-37
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Marcus, A., Dombrowski, K. & Hautala, D. , 'Color-conscious anti-racism: Bias and opportunity in the violent victimization of Central American migrants in Long Island, NY' (2016), Human Organization, 75(2), pp.168-180
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Mason, G., 'Blue Lives Matter and Hate Crime Law' (2020), Race and Justice [online]
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Mason, K., 'Harassment and slurs or epistemic injustice? Interrogating discriminatory abuse through safeguarding adult review analysis' (2023), Journal of Adult Protection [online]
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Mazúr, J. & Grambličková, B., 'New Regulatory Force of Cyberspace: The Case of Meta’s Oversight Board' (2023), Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology, 17(1), pp. 3–32
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McCann, W.S &, Pimley, N., 'Eliminating Extremism: A Legal Analysis of Hate Crime and Terrorism Laws in the United States' (2019), Terrorism and Political Violence [online]
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McCarthy, S., Rowan, W., Mahony, C. & Vergne, A., 'The dark side of digitalization and social media platform governance: a citizen engagement study' (2023), Internet Research [online]
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McGuire, K. & Salter, M., 'Islam and religious hate crime: Exploring the role of religion and crime' (2022), in P. Birch, C. Murray & A. McInnes (Eds.) Crime, Criminal Justice and Religion: A Critical Appraisal (pp. 179-192), London: Routledge
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Meerson, R., Koban, K. & Matthes, J., 'Platform-led content moderation through the bystander lens: a systematic scoping review' (2025), Information Communication and Society [online]
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Meliá, M.C., 'Terrorist Speech, Hate Speech and the Crime of Glorification/Humiliation (Art. 578 of the Penal Code): Is it a Risk or an Imposition of a Particular Previous Vision? | [DISCURSO TERRORISTA, DISCURSO DE ODIO Y EL DELITO DE ENALTECIMIENTO/HUMILLACIÓN (ART. 578 DEL CÓDIGO PENAL): ¿RIESGO O IMPOSICIÓN DE UNA DETERMINADA VISIÓN DEL PASADO?]' (2021), Azafea, 23, pp. 135-164
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Mendola, A., 'Legal discipline of online offences between hate speech and fake news | [Lo statuto giuridico degli illeciti online tra hate speech e fake news]' (2023), Actualidad Juridica Iberoamericana, (18), pp. 1392-1435
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Milczarek, F., 'Preventive content blocking and freedom of expression in the European law–conflict or symbiosis?' (2021), Journal of Media Law [online]
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Millar, S., 'Hate speech: Conceptualisations, interpretations and reactions' (2019), in M. Evans, L. Jeffries & J. O'Driscoll (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Language in Conflict (pp. 145-163). London: Routledge
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Morales, A.G., 'Hate Speech and Binary Exclusions in Europe: A Digital and Communicative Approach' (2022), Age of Human Rights Journal, 18, pp. 199-220
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Morales, V.Y.G., Quesada, J.B. & Torrens, X., 'Dialogic literature for preventing violent extremism: Ustaša hate speech | [Literatura dialógica en la prevención del extremismo violento: el discurso de odio ustacha]' (2021), Revista CIDOB d'Afers Internacionals, (128), pp. 201-223
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Munzert, S., Traunmüller, R., Barberá, P., Guess, A. & Yang, J., 'Citizen preferences for online hate speech regulation' (2025), PNAS Nexus, 4(2), pgaf032
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Nario-Redmond, M.R., Kemerling, A.A. & Silverman, A., '‘Hostile, Benevolent, and Ambivalent Ableism: Contemporary Manifestations’' (2019), Journal of Social Issues [online]
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Nave, E. & Lane, L., 'Countering online hate speech: How does human rights due diligence impact terms of service?' (2023), Computer Law and Security Review, 51, 105884
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Nel, J.A. & Venter, Z., '(South) African perspectives on the prevention, monitoring and combating of hate victimisation' (2024), Safer Communities [online]
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Nourooz Pour, H., 'Transitional justice and online social platforms: Facebook and the Rohingya genocide' (2023), International Journal of Law and Information Technology, 31(2), pp. 95–113
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Otero, P.V., 'Platform governance and social justice: Governing hate speech on social media' (2024), Leeds, UK: Emerald Publishing
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Özer, U. & Taşkın, B., 'The Human Rights Action Plan and the Representation of Turkey’s Non-Muslim Minorities' (2023), Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe, 22(1), pp. 63–93
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Pap, A.L., 'Neglect, Marginalization, and Abuse: Hate Crime Legislation and Practice in the Labyrinth of Identity Politics, Minority Protection, and Penal Populism' (2020), Nationalities Papers, pp. 1-19
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Pap, A.L., 'New agents for ethno-racial equality: Identity politics, vulnerabilities, and beyond' (2024), in E. Askin & H. Stoll (Eds.) Contested Equality: International and Comparative Legal Perspectives (pp. 101–118), Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing
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Park, A., Kim, M. &Kim, E.-S., 'SEM analysis of agreement with regulating online hate speech: influences of victimization, social harm assessment, and regulatory effectiveness assessment' (2023), Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1276568
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Paul, J.A. & Bagchi, A., 'A configurational perspective of hate crime policies' (2025), Policing (Oxford), 19, paae131
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Pejchal, V., 'Hate Speech and Human Rights in Eastern Europe: Legislating for Divergent Values' (2020), London: Routledge
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Perry, B., 'Hate crime – capture and contexts from an international perspective' (2018), Knowledge Creates Democracy - Open Access Series of the IDZ
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Peršak, N., 'Criminalising Hate Crime and Hate Speech at EU Level: Extending the List of Eurocrimes Under Article 83(1) TFEU' (2022), Criminal Law Forum [online]
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Pezzella, F.S., 'Constitutional and public policy issues' (2017), in Public policy and law enforcement dilemma (pp. 53-63). Cham: Springer International Publishing
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Pickles, J., 'Policing hate and bridging communities: a qualitative evaluation of relations between LGBT+ people and the police within the North East of England' (2019), Policing and Society
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Pohlmann, J., Barbaresi, A. & Leinen, P., 'Platform regulation and overblocking – The NetzDG discourse in Germany' (2023), Communications [online]
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Popova, I., 'Digital Platforms Regulation in Brazil: The Political Context of New Laws Adoption | Регулирование цифровых платформ в Бразилии: политический контекст согласования новых законов' (2024), International Organisations Research Journal, 19(2), pp. 93–109
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Powell, R., 'Toothless Rhetoric or Strategic Polemic? A Textual and Contextual Analysis of Japan’s Hate Speech Law' (2022), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
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Powell, A. & Williams-Johnson, D., '“You dumb cracker b*tch”: The legitimizing of White supremacy during a Twitch ban of HasanAbi' (2023), New Media and Society [online]
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Powell, A., Flynn, A. & Sugiura, L. (Eds.), 'The Palgrave Handbook of Gendered Violence and Technology' (2022), Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
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Prairie, K., Kivisto, A.J., Gray, S.L., Taylor, N. & Anderson, A.M., 'The Association Between Hate Crime Laws That Enumerate Sexual Orientation and Adolescent Suicide Attempts' (2022), Psychology, Public Policy, and Law [online]
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Priego, A., 'The European strategy against anti-Semitism and support for Jewish life. EU reaction to neo anti-Semitism | [La estrategia europea contra el antisemitismo y apoyo a la vida judía. La reacción de la UE al neo-antisemitismo]' (2022), Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto, (67), pp. 95-135
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Pukallus, S. & Arthur, C., 'Combating Hate Speech on Social Media: Applying Targeted Regulation, Developing Civil-Communicative Skills and Utilising Local Evidence-Based Anti-Hate Speech Interventions' (2024), Journalism and Media, 5(2), pp. 467–484
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Puppis, M., Mansell, R. & Van den Bulck, H. (Eds.), 'Handbook of Media and Communication Governance' (2024), Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing
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Purpose, 'Online Hate Speech in Australia: The Role of News Media and Pathways for Change (Part Two: Curbing Dehumanising Hate Speech Online)' (2023), New York, London, São Paulo, New Delhi, Sydney, Nairobi: Purpose
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R. Ellis, J., 'A Fairy Tale Gone Wrong: Social media, Recursive Hate and the Politicisation of Drag Queen Storytime' (2022), Journal of Criminal Law, 86(2), pp. 94-108
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Rébé, N. (Ed.), 'Regulating Cyber Technologies: Privacy vs Security' (2023), Singapore: World Scientific Publishing
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Register, Y., Grasso, I., Weingarten, L.N., Fury, L., Chinea, C.E., Malloy, T.J. & Spiro, E.S., 'Beyond Initial Removal: Lasting Impacts of Discriminatory Content Moderation to Marginalized Creators on Instagram' (2024), Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 8(CSCW1), 23
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Renton, D., 'No Free Speech for Fascists: Exploring ‘No Platform’ in History, Law and Politics' (2021), London: Routledge
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Riekkinen, J., 'Targeting Targeted Harassment: Problems with Criminalization and Platform Liability' (2022), Jusletter IT, (June), pp. 383-392
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Rojszczak, M., 'Online content filtering in EU law – A coherent framework or jigsaw puzzle?' (2022), Computer Law and Security Review, 47, 105739
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