Publications: Hate speech
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Racism and Hate Speech – a Critique of Scanlon’s Contractual Theory' (2019), First Amendment Studies [online]
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Cohen-Almagor, R, 'Facebook and Holocaust denial' (2016), 57, pp.10-16
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Cohen-Almagor, R., '‘Racism and Hate Speech – A Critique of Scanlon’s Contractual Theory’' (2019), First Amendment Studies [online]
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'The harm in hate speech and in Holocaust denial' (2023), in J. Steel & J. Petley (Eds.) The Routledge Companion to Freedom of Expression and Censorship (pp. 195–207), London: Routledge
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Hate and racist speech in the United States: A critique' (2016), Philosophy and Public Issues, 6(1), pp.77-123
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Cohen-Almagor, R., 'Between speech and terror: The Charlie Hebdo Affair' (2016)
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Coker, C.T., 'Hope-fulfilling or effectively chilling? Reconciling the Hate Crimes Prevention Act with the First Amendment' (2011), Vanderbilt Law Review, 64(1)
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Collier, L.M., 'College campus hate speech codes: A personal view from an absolute perspective' (1995), Howard Journal of Communications, 5(4), pp.263-278
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Collingwood, L., '‘Electronic communications media: how to regulate the hate!’' (2022), Information and Communications Technology Law [online]
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Collins, J., 'Mobilising Extremism in Times of Change: Analysing the UK’s Far-Right Online Content During the Pandemic' (2023), European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research [online]
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Constantin, M.G., Parvu, D.-S., Stanciu, C., Ionascu, D. & Ionescu, B., 'Hateful meme detection with multimodal deep neural networks' (2021), ISSCS 2021 - International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, 9497374
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Constantinou, M. & Baider, F.H., 'Covert Hate Speech: A Contrastive Study of Greek and Greek Cypriot Online Discussions with an Emphasis on Irony' (2020), Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 8(2), pp. 262-287
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Conti, M., Pajola, L. & Tricomi, P.P., 'Turning captchas against humanity: Captcha-based attacks in online social media' (2023), Online Social Networks and Media, 36, 100252
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Corazza, M., Menini, S., Cabrio, E., Tonelli, S. & Villata, S., 'A Multilingual Evaluation for Online Hate Speech Detection' (2020), ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 20(2), 3377323
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Cordón, P., Mata, J., Pachón, V. & Domínguez, J.L., 'I2C-UHU at CLEF-2023 EXIST task: Leveraging Ensembling Language Models to Detect Multilingual Sexism in Social Media' (2023), Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2023), pp. 901-907
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Corizzo, R., Lewis, N., Damasceno, L.P., Shafer, A., Cavalcante, C.C. & Boukouvalas, Z., 'Multimodal One-class Learning for Malicious Online Content Detection' (2023), Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023, pp. 2146–2151
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Cornish, R. & Tranter, K., 'Dismissals for Social Media Hate Speech in South Africa: Animalistic Dehumanisation and the Circulation of Racist Words and Images' (2022), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
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Costa, S., 'IN[The Hate Booth]: A gamified installation to contain online hate speech' (2022), Proceedings - 3rd International Conference on Digital Creation in Arts, Media and Technology: Emerging Extended Realities, ARTeFACTo 2022
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Costa, S., da Silva, B.M. & Tavares, M., 'Video games and gamification against online hate speech?' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 3483679
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Costa, S., da Silva, B.M., & Tavares, M., 'Tackling Online Hate Speech?: Play Your Role!' (2022), Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, 422 LNICST, pp. 79-93
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & da Silva, B.M., 'IN[The Hate Booth]: a Gamified Installation to Counteract Hate Speech' (2023), Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, 479 LNICST, pp. 161-173
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & da Silva, B.M., 'In[the Hate Booth]: A Case Study on How to Deal with Online Hate Speech' (2024), Springer Series in Design and Innovation, 33, pp. 259–276
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & Mendes da Silva, B., 'The Enredo Game-Installation: A Proposal to Counter Hate Speech Online' (2023), in N. Martins & D. Brandão (Eds.) Springer Series in Design and Innovation (Vol. 27) (pp. 307-320), Cham: Springer
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Costello, M. & Hawdon, J., 'Hate Speech in Online Spaces' (2020), in T.J. Holt & A.M. Bossler (Eds.) The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance (pp. 1397-1416). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
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Costello, M., Hawdon, J. & Cross, A., 'Virtually standing up or standing by? Correlates of enacting social control online' (2017), International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 6, pp.16-28
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Costello, M., Hawdon, J., Reichelmann, A.V., Oksanen, A. Blaya, C., Llorent, V.J., Räsänen, P. & Zych, I., 'Defending Others Online: The Influence of Observing Formal and Informal Social Control on One’s Willingness to Defend Cyberhate Victims' (2023), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(15), 6506
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Costello, M., Restifo, S.J. & Hawdon, J., 'Viewing anti-immigrant hate online: An application of routine activity and Social Structure-Social Learning Theory' (2021), Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106927
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Costello, M., Vishwamitra, N., Liao, S., Cheng, L., Luo, F. & Hu, H., 'COVID-19 and Sinophobia: Detecting Warning Signs of Radicalization on Twitter and Reddit' (2023), Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(7), pp. 546–553
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Costigan, S.S. & Tagarev, T., 'Countering Crime, Hate Speech, and Disinformation in Cyberspace' (2021), Connections, 20(2), pp. 5-8
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Courtois, S., 'Are Hate Speech Laws Useless? An Appraisal of Eric Heinze’s Arguments' (2021), Res Publica [online]
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Cousens, C., 'Solving the Authority Problem: Why We Won’t Debate You, Bro' (2023), Topoi [online]
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Cover, R., 'Digital hostility, subjectivity and ethics: Theorising the disruption of identity in instances of mass online abuse and hate speech' (2022), Convergence [online]
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Cover, R., 'Identity and Digital Communication: Concepts, Theories, Practices' (2023), London: Routledge
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Cowan, G., Heiple, B., Marquez, C., Khatchadourian, D. & McNevin, M., 'Heterosexuals’ attitudes toward hate crimes and hate speech against gays and lesbians: Old-fashioned and modern heterosexism' (2005), Journal of Homosexuality, 49(2), pp.67-82
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Cowan, G., Resendez, M., Marshall, E. & Quist, R., 'Hate speech and constitutional protection: Priming values of equality and freedom' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.247-263
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Cowls, J. & Ma, C., 'The Internet’s Town Square? A Critical Discourse Analysis of Parler’s “Past Imaginary”' (2023), Social Media and Society, 9(2)
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Criss, S., Nguyen, T.T., Michaels, E.K., Gee, G.C., Kiang, M.V., Nguyen, Q.C., Norton, S., Titherington, E., Nguyen, L., Yardi, I., Kim, M., Thai, N., Shepherd, A. & Kennedy, C.J., 'Solidarity and strife after the Atlanta spa shootings: A mixed methods study characterizing Twitter discussions by qualitative analysis and machine learning' (2023), Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 952069
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Crowley, J.P., Denes, A., Bleakley, A., Webber, K.T., Geary, D., DelGreco, M., Whitt, J., Guest, C. & Hamlin, E., 'The longitudinal influence of supportive messages on stress reactivity and general well-being for LGBTQ+ recipients of hate speech: Comparing the relative effects of verbal person-centered and autonomy support' (2023), Communication Monographs [online]
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Cruz, R.M.O., de Sousa, W.V. & Cavalcanti, G.D.C., 'Selecting and combining complementary feature representations and classifiers for hate speech detection' (2022), Online Social Networks and Media, 28, 100194
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Cuenca, A.G., 'Politics and hate speech: authoritarianism is back | Política y discurso de odio: el autoritarismo está de vuelta' (2023), Cuadernos Electronicos de Filosofia del Derecho, (49), pp. 576–586
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Cuevas-Cerveró, A., Colmenero-Ruiz, M.-J. & Martínez-Ávila, D., 'Critical information literacy as a form of information activism' (2023), Journal of Academic Librarianship, 49(6), 102786
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Culpeper, J., Iganski, P. & Sweiry, A., 'Linguistic impoliteness and religiously aggravated hate crime in England and Wales' (2017), Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 5(1), pp. 1-29
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Culpepper, J., 'Impoliteness and hate speech: Compare and contrast' (2021), Journal of Pragmatics [online]
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Curry, A.C., Attanasio, G., Nozza, D. & Hovy, D., 'MilaNLP at SemEval-2023 Task 10: Ensembling Domain-Adapted and Regularized Pretrained Language Models for Robust Sexism Detection' (2023), 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval 2023 - Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 2067–2074
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Curthoys, A., 'The volatility of racism in Australia' (2007), in Gelber, K. & Stone, A. (eds.) Hate Speech and Freedom of Speech in Australia. The Federation Press.
Czymara, C.S., Dochow-Sondershaus, S., Drouhot, L.G., Simsek, M. & Spörlein, C., 'Catalyst of hate? Ethnic insulting on YouTube in the aftermath of terror attacks in France, Germany and the United Kingdom 2014–2017' (2022), Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies [online]
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D'Sa, A.G., Illina, I. & Fohr, D., 'BERT and fastText Embeddings for Automatic Detection of Toxic Speech' (2020), Proceedings of 2020 International Multi-Conference on: Organization of Knowledge and Advanced Technologies, OCTA 2020, 9151853
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da Silva, F.L.V. & de Freitas, L.A., 'Brazilian Portuguese Hate Speech Classification using BERTimbau' (2022), Proceedings of the International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, FLAIRS, 35
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Da Silva, S.C., Ferreira, T.C., Ramos, R.M.S. & Paraboni, I., 'Data-Driven and Psycholinguistics-Motivated Approaches to Hate Speech Detection' (2020), Computacion y Sistemas, 24(3), pp. 1179-1188
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Dagar, M., Kajal, A. & Bhatia, P., 'Twitter Sentiment Analysis using Supervised Machine Learning Techniques' (2021), 2021 5th International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Networks, ISCON 2021
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