Publications: S
Scott, S. & Vaughan, J., '“Sexuality”, violence and the law: The rise and ruse of “H.A.D”' (1997), Polemic, 8(2), 18
Scottish Government, 'Tackling prejudice and building connected communities: Scottish Government response to the report of the Independent Advisory Group on Hate Crime, Prejudice and Community Cohesion' (2017), One Scotland
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Scottish Government, 'Respect for all: The national approach to anti-bullying for Scotland’s children and young people' (2017)
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Scotto di Carlo, G., 'An analysis of self-other representations in the incelosphere: Between online misogyny and self-contempt' (2022), Discourse and Society [online]
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Scrivens, R., 'Examining Online Indicators of Extremism among Violent and Non-Violent Right-Wing Extremists' (2022), Terrorism and Political Violence [online]
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Scrivens, R. & Perry, B., 'Resisting the right: Countering right-wing extremism in Canada' (2017), Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 59(4), pp. 534-558
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Scrivens, R., Osuna, A.I., Chermak, S.M., Whitney, M.A. & Frank, R., 'Examining Online Indicators of Extremism in Violent Right-Wing Extremist Forums' (2021), Studies in Conflict and Terrorism [online]
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Scrivens, R., Wojciechowski, T.W., Freilich, J.D., Chermak, S.M. & Frank, R., 'Differentiating Online Posting Behaviors of Violent and Nonviolent Right-Wing Extremists' (2022), Criminal Justice Policy Review [online]
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Sear, R., Restrepo, N.J., Lupu, Y. & Johnson, N.F., 'Dynamic Topic Modeling Reveals Variations in Online Hate Narratives' (2022), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 507 LNNS, pp. 564-578
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Sear, R.F., Leahy, R., Restrepo, N.J. & Johnson, N.F., 'Dynamic Latent Dirichlet Allocation Tracks Evolution of Online Hate Topics' (2022), Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, 2(1), pp. 257–272
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Seaton, E.K., Gee, G.C., Neblett, E. & Spanierman, L., 'New directions for racial discrimination research as inspired by the integrative model' (2018), American Psychologist, 73(6), pp.768-780
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Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, 'Government response to Home Affairs Committee report: “Anti-Semitism in the UK”' (2016)
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Sederholm, T., Jaaskelainen, P., Lonka, M. & Huhtinen, A.M., 'Digital streets of rage: Identifying rhizomatic extremist messages during a hybrid media event using natural language processing' (2023), European Conference on Information Warfare and Security, ECCWS, 2023, pp. 403–409
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Sedláková, R., 'Anti-Chinese sentiment in the Czech public service media during the COVID-19 pandemic' (2021), Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 17(1), pp. 65-86
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Sędłak, A., 'The Specificity of Hatred. An Analysis Based on the Aristotelian-Thomistic Concept' (2023), Studia Gilsoniana, 12(3), pp. 493–515
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Seeman, J., 'Racial vilification legislation and anti-semitism in NSW: The likely impact of the amendment' (1990), Sydney Law Review, 12(2/3), 597
Seepersad, R. & Wortley, S., 'Ethnicity and crime victimisation in Trinidad and Tobago' (2018), in K.J. Joosen & C.A. Bailey (Eds). Caribbean Crime and Criminal Justice. London: Routledge.
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Segond, F., 'Ai Technologies to Support Detection of Information Manipulation on Social Networks and Online Media: A Quick Overview' (2023), in R. Arcos, I. Chiru & C. Ivan (Eds.) Routledge Handbook of Disinformation and National Security (pp. 417–425), London: Routledge
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Seguí-Cosme, S. & Iranzo, A., 'Accusations of hate, press and elections in Spain (2004-2019) │ Acusaciones de odio, prensa y elecciones en España (2004-2019)' (2024), Index.comunicacion, 14(2), pp. 193–214
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Seijbel, J., van Sterkenburg, J. & Oonk, G., 'Expressing rivalry online: antisemitic rhetoric among Dutch football supporters on Twitter' (2022), Soccer and Society [online]
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Seijbel, J., van Sterkenburg, J. & Spaaij, R., 'Online Football-Related Antisemitism in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Method Analysis of the Dutch Twittersphere' (2022), American Behavioral Scientist [online]
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Seitz, J. & Ahmed, M., '‘The effects of community service work on reducing ethnic conflict, ethnic hate crimes, and ethnocentric ideology’' (2019), Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community [online]
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Sekerka, L.E. & Yacobian, M.M., 'Understanding and addressing Islamophobia in organizational settings: Leading with moral courage' (2017), International Journal of Public Leadership [online]
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Sekerka, L.E. & Yacobian, M.M., 'Fostering workplace respect in an era of anti-Muslimism and Islamophobia: A proactive approach for management' (2018), Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal [online]
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Sękowska-Kozłowska, K., Baranowska, G. & Gliszczyńska-Grabias, A., 'Sexist Hate Speech and the International Human Rights Law: Towards Legal Recognition of the Phenomenon by the United Nations and the Council of Europe' (2022), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
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Sekuler, T., 'Temporalization and the Digital Vigilante: Past Presencing, Un/Doing Futures and “Jewish Revenge” as Affective Justice in Talia Lavin’s Culture Warlords' (2024), Studies in Social Justice, 18(2), pp. 323–343
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Selod, S., 'Islamophobia and racism in America' (2018), Contemporary Sociology, 47(5), pp.607-609
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Selvarajah, S., Kenar, N., Shaw, I.S. & Dhakal, P. (Eds.), 'Xenophobia in the Media: Critical Global Perspectives' (2024), London: Routledge
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Sembiring, W.M., Subhilhar, Kusmanto, H. & Ridho, H., 'The Politicization of Religion and Polarization of Hate in the 2018 North Sumatra Regional Head Election Indonesia' (2023), Pharos Journal of Theology, 104(3)
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Sen, I., Samory, M., Wagner, C. & Augenstein, I., 'Counterfactually Augmented Data and Unintended Bias: The Case of Sexism and Hate Speech Detection' (2022), NAACL 2022 - 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 4716-4726
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Sen, M., Masih, J. & Rajasekaran, R., 'From Tweets to Insights: BERT-Enhanced Models for Cyberbullying Detection' (2024), 2024 ASU International Conference in Emerging Technologies for Sustainability and Intelligent Systems, ICETSIS 2024, pp. 1289–1293
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Senarath, Y. & Purohit, H., 'Evaluating Semantic Feature Representations to Efficiently Detect Hate Intent on Social Media' (2020), Proceedings - 14th IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing, ICSC 2020, 9031482, pp. 199-202
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Senarath, Y., Anastasopoulos, A., Thornton, T. & Purohit, H., 'PROBER: A System for Real-time Propaganda Behavior Analytics on Social Media and Web Data Streams' (2022), Proceedings - 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Big Data 2022, pp. 4812-4815
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Senarath, Y., Purohit, H. & Akerkar, R., 'Violence-Inducing Behavior Prevention in Social-Cyber Space' (2024), Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1810 CCIS, pp. 151–159
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Senators of the College of Justice, 'Response by the Senators of the College of Justice to the Consultation Paper on Hate Crime Legislation in Scotland' (2017), Judiciary of Scotland
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Senbel, S., Seigel, C. & Bryan, E., 'Word Frequency Analysis of Community Reaction to Religious Violence on Social Media' (2021), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 283, pp. 626-633
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Sepúlveda, J.G.E., 'Democracy and Online Media: A New Form of Hate Speech with Artificial Intelligence as a Backdrop | [Democracia y Medios de Comunicación en línea: Una nueva forma de discurso de odio con la Inteligencia Artificial como telón de fondo]' (2022), Revista de Filosofia (Venzuela), 39(100), pp. 63-77
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Serafis, D., 'Unveiling the rationale of soft hate speech in multimodal artefacts: a critical framework' (2022), Journal of Language and Discrimination, 6(2), pp. 321-346
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Serhan, F.A. & Elareshi, M., 'New Media and Hate Speech: A Study of University Students in Jordan | [Nuevos Medios y Discurso de Odio: Un Estudio de Estudiantes Universitarios en Jordania]' (2020), Opcion, 36(Special Edition 26), pp. 166-184
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Serna, F.J.A., 'Memes as Symbols of Hate Speech: The Influence of Graphic Humour on Freedom of Expression and Politics | Los memes como simbolos del discurso de odio: La influencia del humor gráfico en la libertad de expresión y la política' (2024), VISUAL Review. International Visual Culture Review / Revista Internacional de Cultura, 16(2), pp. 241–253
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Serna, F.J.A., 'The legal protection of religious sentiments on the Internet. Freedom of speech vs hate speech | [LA PROTECCIÓN JURÍDICA DE LOS SENTIMIENTOS RELIGIOSOS EN INTERNET LA LIBERTAD DE EXPRESIÓN FRENTE AL DISCURSO DEL ODIO]' (2023), VISUAL Review. International Visual Culture Review / Revista Internacional de Cultura, 10
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Serrano, A.R., Catalán, S.G. & Núñez, M.M., 'Audiovisual production by the contemporary European extreme right: Filmic inheritances and intertexts to spread the hate' (2021), Communication and Society, 34(2), pp. 231-246
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Serrano-Amaya, J.F., 'Homophobic violence in armed conflict and political transition' (2017), Springer
Sethi, A., Kuchhal, U., Anjum & Katarya, R., 'Study of Various Techniques for the Classification of Hateful Memes' (2021), 2021 6th International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication and Technology, RTEICT 2021, pp. 675-680
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Setiabudi, R., Mani, L., Williem, D. & Situmorang, W., 'Anonymous and online hate speech when government raised subsidized fuel prices: an analysis on Instagram account of Indonesian stated own company' (2023), Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 101(24), pp. 8047–8054
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Setyaningrum, W., Vaizi, K.N., Damarina, R., Oktasari, S., Akbar, S.A. & Febriyanto, A., 'E-hights: Hate speech detection system to guarantee freedom of expression' (2023), AIP Conference Proceedings, 2706, 020233
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Sevani, N., Soenandi, I.A., Adianto & Wijaya, J., 'Detection of Hate Speech by Employing Support Vector Machine with Word2Vec Model' (2021), 7th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Information Engineering: Technological Breakthrough for Greater New Life, ICEEIE 2021
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Severs, G.J., 'The ‘obnoxious mobilised minority’: homophobia and homohysteria in the British national party, 1982-1999' (2017), Gender and Education, 29(2), pp.165-181
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Sha, L., Camburu, O.-M. & Lukasiewicz, T., 'Rationalizing predictions by adversarial information calibration' (2023), Artificial Intelligence, 315, 103828
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Shadrach, I. & Apuke, O.D., 'Investigating the Effectiveness of Social Media Usage for Political Dialogue in Nigeria' (2020), Library Philosophy and Practice, 2020, pp. 1-16
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