Publications
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Unlu, A., Truong, S., Sawhney, N., Tammi, T. & Kotonen, T., 'From prejudice to marginalization: Tracing the forms of online hate speech targeting LGBTQ+ and Muslim communities' (2025), New Media and Society [online]
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Upadhyaya, A. & Chandra, J., 'Spotting Flares: The Vital Signs of the Viral Spread of Tweets Made During Communal Incidents' (2022), ACM Transactions on the Web, 16(4), 3550357
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Urbanik, M.-M., Maier, K., Tetrault, J.E.C. & Greene, C., 'Hate Crime and Class Vulnerability: A Case Study of White Nationalist Violence Against Unhoused Indigenous People' (2024), British Journal of Criminology, 64(4), pp. 863–880
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Urios Alacreu, E. & Rosso, P., 'Identification of Racial and Sexist Stereotypes in Spanish: A Learning with Disagreements Approach | Identificación de Estereotipos Raciales y Sexistas en Español: Un Enfoque Basado en Aprendizaje con Desacuerdos' (2025), Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural, 74, pp. 15–31
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Uršič, E.D. & Jurak, A.P., 'Media Literacy, active citizenship and sustainable democracy: a case study of Slovenia' (2023), Politics in Central Europe, 19(s1), pp. 393–407
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Usman & Quadri, S.M.K., 'Encoder/Decoder Transformer-Based Framework to Detect Hate Speech from Tweets' (2023), in B. Alam & M. Alam (Eds.) Intelligent Data Analytics, IoT, and Blockchain (pp. 195–207), New York: Auerbach Publications
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Usman, Hasan, N. & Quadri, S.M.K., 'Scalable and Advanced Framework for Hate Speech Detection on Social Media Using BERT and GPT-2 through Encoder and Decoder Architectures' (2025), Journal of Computer Science, 21(3), pp. 584–594
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Uszkiewicz, E., 'Anomalies in the application of law related to hate crimes' (2022), Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies [online]
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Utami, E., Rini, Iskandar, A.F. & Raharjo, S., 'Multi-Label Classification of Indonesian Hate Speech Detection Using One-vs-All Method' (2021), Proceedings - 2021 IEEE 5th International Conference on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering: Applying Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Global Challenges During Pandemic Era, ICITISEE 2021, pp. 78-82
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Utku, A., Can, U. & Aslan, S., 'Detection of hateful twitter users with graph convolutional network model' (2023), Earth Science Informatics [online]
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Uviller, H.R., 'Making it worse: ‘Hate’ as an aggravating factor in criminal conduct' (2000), Ethnic and Racial Studies, 23(4), pp.761-767
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Uwalaka, T. & Amadi, A.F., '“When One Finger Picks Oil, It Reaches Others”: An Examination of Nigerian Journalists’ Perspective on Motivations for Online Harassment' (2024), African Journalism Studies [online]
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Uyheng, J. & Carley, K.M., 'Characterizing network dynamics of online hate communities around the COVID-19 pandemic' (2021), Applied Network Science, 6(1), 20
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Uyheng, J. & Carley, K.M., 'Online hate in the Philippines: the role of narratives and networks' (2023), International Review of Law, Computers and Technology [online]
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Uyheng, J., Bellutta, D. & Carley, K.M., 'Bots Amplify and Redirect Hate Speech in Online Discourse About Racism During the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2022), Social Media and Society, 8(3)
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Uyheng, J., Moffitt, J.D. & Carley, K.M., 'The language and targets of online trolling: A psycholinguistic approach for social cybersecurity' (2022), Information Processing and Management, 59(5), 103012
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Uysal, M.S., Hoerst, C., Stathi, S. & Kessler, T., 'Populism Predicts Sympathy for Attacks Against Asylum Seekers Through National Pride and Moral Justification of Political Violence' (2023), Social Psychological and Personality Science [online]
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Vachuska, K. & Brudvig, J., 'Discourse from #The Real UW: What tweets say about racial concerns at a predominately white institution' (2018), Social Sciences, 7(21), pp.1-13
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Vadesara, A., Tanna, P. & Joshi, H., 'Hate Speech Detection: A Bird’s-Eye View' (2021), Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, 52, pp. 225-231
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Vadhvani, R. & Yadav, A., 'Unmasking Deception: Leveraging advanced Transformer model for detecting Fake images on the Web' (2024), 2024 15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024
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Vadivukkarasi, S., Sharma, S., Kotteeswaran, R., Das, I., Krishnamoorthy, S. & Thiagarajan, R., 'Experimental Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Enabled Hate Speech Recognition over Social Network Platform using Enhanced Learning Approach' (2024), Proceedings - 2024 4th International Conference on Soft Computing for Security Applications, ICSCSA 2024, pp. 417–423
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Vaiani, L., Cagliero, L., Garza, P. & Ravagli, J., 'Cross-modal consistency types in multimodal social data' (2025), Knowledge Based Systems, 322, 113705
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Vaidhegi, D., Priya, M., Rajalakshmi, S., Angel Deborah, S. & Mirnalinee, T.T., 'SSNTech2@LT-EDI-RANLP-2023: Homophobia/Transphobia Detection in Social Media Comments Using Linear Classification Techniques' (2023), LTEDI 2023 - 3rd Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, associated with the 14th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2023 - Proceedings, pp. 166–171
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Vaidya, A., Nagar, S. & Nanavati, A.A., 'Analysing the Spread of Toxicity on Twitter' (2024), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 118–126
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Vaidya, A., Nagar, S. & Nanavati, A.A., 'Forecasting the Spread of Toxicity on Twitter' (2023), Proceedings - 2023 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cognitive Machine Intelligence, CogMI 2023, pp. 209–217
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Vaishnav, S. & Hassouneh, E., 'Marginalization Stress: Hate, Violence, and Microaggressions' (2024), in C. Stark, J.L. Tapia Jr, K. Rogalla & K. Bunch (Eds.) Professional’s Guide to Trauma-Informed Decision Making (pp. 123-142), Cham: Springer
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Valcarcel, A.S., Fernández, E.G. & Ranea-Triviño, B., 'Perceptions, experiences, and positions on gender violence in social media. Results of a survey of Andalusian young people | Percepções, experiências e posicionamentos sobre a violência de gênero nas redes sociais. Resultados de uma pesquisa com jovens Andaluzes' (2024), Comunicacion y Sociedad (Mexico), (21), e8676
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Valcore, J.L., 'Sexual orientation in state hate crime laws: Exploring social construction and criminal law' (2017), Journal of Homosexuality [online]
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Valcore, J., Asquith, N.L. & Rodgers, J., '“We’re led by stupid people”: Exploring Trump’s use of denigrating and deprecating speech to promote hatred and violence' (2023), Crime, Law and Social Change [online]
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Valcore, J., Rodgers, J. & Asquith, N.L., '“We Will Build a Great Wall”: Domination, Criminalization, and Expatriation in Trump Campaign and Rally Speeches' (2020), International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 9(4), pp. 1-16
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Valcore, J.L. & Buckler, K., 'An Act of Terror and an Act of Hate: National Elite and Populace Newspaper Framing of Pulse Nightclub Shooting' (2020), Criminal Justice Studies [online]
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Valcore, J.L. & Dodge, M., 'How hate crime legislation shapes gay and lesbian target groups: An analysis of social construction, law, and policy' (2016), Criminal Justice Policy Review [online],
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Vale, M. & Matos, M., 'How can cyberhate victimization and perpetration be understood? Towards a psychological approach' (2023), in N. Mateus-Coelho & M. Cruz-Cunha (Eds.) Contemporary Challenges for Cyber Security and Data Privacy (pp. 130–150), Hershey, PA: IGI Global
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Valencia-García, L.D. (Ed), 'Far-Right Revisionism and the End of History: Alt/Histories' (2020), New York: Routledge
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Valenzuela-García, N., Maldonado-Guzmán, D.J., García-Pérez, A. & Del-Real, C., 'Too Lucky to Be a Victim? An Exploratory Study of Online Harassment and Hate Messages Faced by Social Media Influencers' (2023), European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research [online]
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Valeri, R.M. & Borgeson, K. (Eds.), 'Hate crimes: Victims, motivations and typologies' (2018), Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press
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Valeri, R.M. & Borgeson, K. (Eds.), 'Terrorism in America' (2018), New York, NY: Routledge
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Valerio, L.M., 'Hate messages towards the LGTBIQ + community: Instagram profiles of the Spanish press analysis during “Pride Week” | [Mensajes de odio hacia la comunidad LGTBIQ+: análisis de los perfiles de Instagram de la prensa española durante la “Semana del Orgullo”]' (2022), Revista Latina de Comunicacion Social, 2022(80), pp. 363-388
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Valerio, L.M. & Soria, A.M.M., 'Influencers and hate messages: Young people and consumption of self-censored content | [Influencers y mensajes de odio: Jóvenes y consumo de contenidos autocensurados]' (2021), Prisma Social, 34, pp. 4-39
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Valiente Martínez, F., 'Redressing the harm caused by hate speech | [El resarcimiento de los daños causados por el discurso del odio]' (2022), Isegoria, (67), e08
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Valier, C., 'Punishment as a hate crime' (2002), Criminal Justice Matters, 48(1), pp.30-31
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Valk, F., de Jonge, L. & Nanninga, P., 'The Regional Face of Extremism: A Case Study of the Northern Netherlands' (2023), Journal for Deradicalization, (35), pp. 76–106
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Valle-Cano, G.D., Quijano-Sánchez, L., Liberatore, F. & Gómez, J., 'SocialHaterBERT: A dichotomous approach for automatically detecting hate speech on Twitter through textual analysis and user profiles' (2023), Expert Systems with Applications, 216, 119446
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Vallés, P.J., 'Misinformation spread on social media linked to the far-right agenda. Analysis of corrections published by Spanish fact-checkers | Difusión en redes sociales de información errónea vinculada a la agenda de la extrema derecha. Análisis de las correcciones publicadas por los fact-checkers españoles' (2025), Media E Jornalismo, 25(46), e4604
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Vallini, A., 'Criminalizing Hate Speech to Avert Collective Violence? Working Hypotheses About the Offence of “Racist Propaganda” | [Criminalizzare L’Hate Speech per Scongiurare la Collective Violence? Ipotesi di Lavoro Intorno al Reato di “Propaganda Razzista”]' (2020), Studi sulla Questione Criminale, 15(1), pp. 33-64
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Van Coller, H., 'Freedom of expression: Blasphemy and the prohibition against religious hate speech | [Vryheid van uitdrukking: Godslastering en die verbod op godsdienstige haatspraak]' (2021), Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe, 61(1), pp. 87-106
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Van de Ven, P., 'Comparisons among homophobic reactions of undergraduates, high school students and young offenders' (1994), Journal of Sex Research, 31(2), pp.117-124
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van de Weetering, J., Weinrath, M. & Kohm, S., 'Does Use of Generic Depictions or Scenarios Matter in Perceptions of Crime Seriousness? An Empirical Test' (2024), Criminal Justice Review [online]
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van der Puil, R., Spahn, A. & Royakkers, L., 'Which Democratic Way to Go? Using Democracy Theories in Social Media Design' (2023), International Journal of Technoethics, 14(1)
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Van Dyke, N. & Tester, G., 'Dangerous climates: Factors associated with variation in racist hate crimes on college campuses' (2014), Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 30(3), pp.290-309
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