Publications
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Barnett-Ryan, C. & Nolan, J.J., 'Impact of state UCR policy and procedures on bias crime reporting' (2006), Criminal Justice Studies, 18(4), pp.305-319
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Barnidge, M., Kim, B., Sherrill, L.A., Luknar, Ž. & Zhang, J., 'Perceived Exposure to and Avoidance of Hate Speech in Various Communication Settings' (2019), Telematics and Informatics, 44, 101263
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Baron, M., 'Hate crime legislation reconsidered' (2016), Metaphilosophy, 47(4-5), pp.504-523
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Barrett, C., Whyte, C., Comfort, J., Lyons, A. & Crameri, P., 'Social connection, relationships and older lesbian and gay people' (2015), Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 30(1), pp.131-142
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Barrett-Fox, R., 'Anger and compassion on the picket line: Ethnography and emotion in the study of Westboro Baptist Church' (2011), Journal of Hate Studies, 9(1), pp. 11-32
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Barrett-Fox, R., 'Book Reviews: Arthur Goldwag’s ‘The New Hate: A History of Fear and Loathing on the Populist Right’ & Thomas R. Pegram’s ‘One Hundred Percent American: The Rebirth and Decline of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s’' (2012), Journal of Hate Studies, 10(1), pp. 221-229
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Barrett-Fox, R., 'Comic, tragic, and burlesque Burkean responses to hate: Notes from counterprotests of antigay pickets' (2020), Contention, 6(1), pp. 23-48
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Barrett-Fox, R., 'Comic, tragic, and Burlesque Burkean responses to hate: Notes from counterprotests of antigay picket' (2018), Contention, 6(1), pp. 23-48
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Bartle, E.E., 'Lesbians and hate crimes' (2000), Journal of Poverty, 4(4), pp.23-43
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Bartlett, J. & Krasodomski-Jones, A., 'Counter-speech examining content that challenges extremism online' (2015), DEMOS
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Bartram, B., 'International students in the era of Trump and Brexit: Implications, constructions and trends' (2018), Journal of International Students, 8(4), pp.1479-1482
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Bashar, M.A., Nayak, R., Luong, K. & Balasubramaniam, T., 'Progressive domain adaptation for detecting hate speech on social media with small training set and its application to COVID-19 concerned posts' (2021), Social Network Analysis and Mining, 11(1), 69
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Bassioni, R. & Langrehr, K., 'Effects of Religious Discrimination and Fear for Safety on Life Satisfaction for Muslim Americans' (2021), Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 15(1)
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Basu, D., 'Majoritarian politics and hate crimes against religious minorities: Evidence from India, 2009–2018' (2021), World Development, 146, 105540
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Battersby, J. & Ball, R., 'Christchurch in the Context of New Zealand Terrorism and Right Wing Extremism' (2019), Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism [online]
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Battistelli, D., 'Building a Formal Model for Hate Detection in French Corpora' (2020), Procedia Computer Science, 176, pp. 2358-2365
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Battle, J. & Lemelle, A.J., 'Gender differences in African American attitudes toward gay males' (2002), The Western Journal of Black Studies, 26(3), pp.134-139
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Bauermeister, J.A., Morales, M., Seda, G. & Gonzalez-Rivera, M., 'Sexual prejudice among Puerto Rican young adults' (2008), Journal of Homosexuality, 53(4), pp.135-161
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Baugut, P., 'Advocating for Minority Inclusion: How German Journalists Conceive and Enact Their Roles When Reporting on Antisemitism' (2021), Journalism Studies [online]
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Baum, S.K., 'Becoming evil: How ordinary people commit genocide and mass killing' (2003), Journal of Hate Studies, 2(1), pp. 103-104
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Baum, S.K., 'The Pope against the Jews: The Vatican’s role in the rise of modern Anti-Semitism' (2003), Journal of Hate Studies, 2(1), pp. 105-106
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Baum, S.K., 'Purify and destroy: The political uses of massacre and genocide' (2007), Journal of Hate Studies, 6(1), pp. 137-139
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Bayarri, Gabriel, 'Legitimizing hate and political violence through meme images the Bolsonaro campaign.' (2020)
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Baydogan, C. & Alatas, B., 'Metaheuristic Ant Lion and Moth Flame Optimization-Based Novel Approach for Automatic Detection of Hate Speech in Online Social Networks' (2021), IEEE Access, 9, 9505636, pp. 110047-110062
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Baydogan, C. & Alatas, B., 'Deep-Cov19-Hate: A Textual-Based Novel Approach for Automatic Detection of Hate Speech in Online Social Networks throughout COVID-19 with Shallow and Deep Learning Models' (2022), Tehnicki Vjesnik, 29(1), pp. 149-156
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Bayer, J., 'High-impact hate speech by persons of authority: A lower threshold needed?' (2022), Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies [online]
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Bayley, D. H., 'Policing hate: What can be done?' (2002), Policing and Society, 12(2), pp.83-91
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Bayrakli, E. & Hafez, F. (Eds.), 'European Islamophobia Report 2016' (2016), SETA
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Bayrakli, E. & Hafez, F. (Eds.), 'European Islamophobia Report 2015' (2015), SETA
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Bayraklı, E. & Hafez, F. (Eds.), 'Islamophobia in Muslim majority societies' (2018), New York, NY: Routledge
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Beadle-Brown, J., Richardson, L., Guest, C., Malovic, A., Bradshaw, J. & Himmerich, J., 'Living in fear: Better outcomes for people with learning disabilities and autism' (2014), Canterbury: Tizard Centre, University of Kent.
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Beale, S. S., 'Federalizing hate crimes: Symbolic politics, expressive law, or tool for criminal enforcement?' (2000), Boston University Law Review, 80(5), pp.1227-1281
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Beatty Moody, D.L., Waldstein, S.R., Tobin, J.N., Cassells, A., Schwartz, J.C. & Brondolo, E., 'Lifetime racial/ethnic discrimination and ambulatory blood pressure: The moderating effect of age' (2016), Health Psychology, 35(4), pp.333-342
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Beck, E.M. & Tolnay, S.E., 'The killing fields of the deep South: The market for cotton and the lynching of Blacks, 1882-1930' (1990), American Sociological Review, 55(4), pp.526-539
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Beck, P. et al., 'Operation Jackhammer' (1990), Canberra Times
Becker, A.B., 'Sacha Baron Cohen, Anti-Semitism, and Borat: Using Advocacy and Irony to Speak Out Against Hate' (2021), Society [online]
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Becker, P.J., 'The creation of Ohio’s ethnic intimidation law: Triggering events, media campaigns, and interest group activity' (1999), American Journal of Criminal Justice, 23(2), pp.247-265
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Beddiar, D.R., Jahan, M.S. & Oussalah, M., 'Data expansion using back translation and paraphrasing for hate speech detection' (2021), Online Social Networks and Media, 24, 100153
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Bedrosova, M., Machackova, H., Šerek, J., Smahel, D. & Blaya, C., 'The relation between the cyberhate and cyberbullying experiences of adolescents in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia' (2022), Computers in Human Behavior, 126, 107013
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Beers, L.S., Szilagyi, M., Seigel, W.M., Davis, W.S., Fukuda, Y., Joseph, M., Wright, J.L., Goza, S.H. & Del Monte, M., 'Immunizing against hate: Overcoming Asian American and Pacific Islander racism' (2021), Pediatrics, 148(1), e2021051836
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Begun, S. & Kattari, S.K., 'Conforming for survival: Associations between transgender visual conformity/passing and homelessness experiences' (2016), Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 28(1), pp.54-66
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Bejan, T.M., 'Hobbes against hate speech' (2022), British Journal for the History of Philosophy [online]
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Bell, J., 'Lack of punishment Doesn’t fit the crime: America’s tepid response to bias-motivated crime' (2021), Studies in Law Politics and Society, 85, pp. 29-48
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Bell, J., 'Policing hatred: Police bias units and the construction of hate crime' (1997), Michigan Journal of Race & Law, 2, pp.421-460
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Bell, J, 'Policing hatred: Law enforcement, civil rights, and hate crime' (2002), New York: New York University Press
Bell, J., 'Deciding when hate is a crime: The first amendment, police detectives and the identification of hate crime' (2002), Rutgers Race and the Law Review, 4(1), pp.33-76
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Bell, J., 'Hate thy neighbor: Lessons for neighborhood integration for the post-Obama era and beyond' (2017), Law & Social Inquiry [online]
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Bell, J., 'The Resistance & the Stubborn but Unsurprising Persistence of Hate and Extremism in the United States' (2019), Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 26(1), pp. 305-315
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Bell, J.G. & Perry, B., 'Outside looking in: The community impacts of anti-lesbian, gay, and bisexual hate crime' (2015), Journal of Homosexuality, 62(1), pp.98-120
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Benček, D. & Martin, C., 'Explaining hate crimes against refugees in Germany: Regional spill-overs or local determinants?' (2016), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Working Paper
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