Publications: 2021
L
Lantz, B., 'Women who commit hate-motivated violence: Advancing a gendered understanding of hate crime' (2021), Social Science Research, 102682 [online]
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Lantz, B. & Wenger, M.R., 'Are Asian Victims Less Likely to Report Hate Crime Victimization to the Police? Implications for Research and Policy in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2021), Crime and Delinquency [online]
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Larsen, A.G., 'Boundaries of Legitimate Debate: Right-wing Extremism in Norwegian News Media in the Decade after the July 22, 2011 Attacks' (2021), Perspectives on Terrorism, 15(3), pp. 96-108
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Latif, A., Gulzar, N., Vaughan, A., Khan, F. & Hussain, M., '“Open, Honest, Passionate and with Some Humor”: Understanding Trust Building Between British Muslims and the Wider Community' (2021), Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs [online]
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Latorre, J.P. & Amores, J.J., 'Topic modelling of racist and xenophobic YouTube comments. Analyzing hate speech against migrants and refugees spread through YouTube in Spanish' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 456-460
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Lautenbacher, J., Jahnke, S., Speer, D. & Beelmann, A., 'Evaluation of the web-based training “OHA—Online Hass Abbauen”—submodule offenses and violence | [Evaluation des webbasierten Trainings „OHA – Online Hass Abbauen“ – Teilmodul Straftaten und Gewalt]' (2021), Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 15(2), pp. 134-142
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Lazzardi, S., Patti, V. & Rosso, P., 'Categorizing misogynistic behaviours in Italian, English and Spanish tweets | [Categorización de comportamientos misóginos en tweets en Italiano, Inglés y Español' (2021), Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural, 66, pp. 65-76
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Le-Hong, P., 'Diacritics generation and application in hate speech detection on Vietnamese social networks' (2021), Knowledge-Based Systems, 233, 107504
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Lee, J., 'Asian Americans, affirmative action & the rise in anti-Asian hate' (2021), Daedalus, 150(2), pp. 180-198
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Lee, H., 'Relentless villains or fervent netizens?: The alt-right community in Korea, Ilbe' (2021), Internet Histories [online]
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Lee, C.S. & Jang, A., 'Questing for Justice on Twitter: Topic Modeling of #StopAsianHate Discourses in the Wake of Atlanta Shooting' (2021), Crime and Delinquency [online]
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Lee, E. & Johnstone, M., 'Lest We Forget: Politics of Multiculturalism in Canada Revisited during COVID-19' (2021), Critical Sociology [online]
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Lee, R.K.-W., Cao, R., Fan, Z., Jiang, J. & Chong, W.-H., 'Disentangling Hate in Online Memes' (2021), MM 2021 - Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 5138-5147
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Lee, S. & Waters, S.F., 'Asians and Asian Americans’ experiences of racial discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts on health outcomes and the buffering role of social support' (2021), Stigma and Health, 6(1), pp. 70-78
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Lepoutre, M., 'Democratic Speech in Divided Times' (2021), Oxford: Oxford University Press
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Li, M., 'Exemplifying Power Matters: The Impact of Power Exemplification of Transgender People in the News on Issue Attribution, Dehumanization, and Aggression Tendencies' (2021), Journalism Practice [online]
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Li, M., Liao, S., Okpala, E., Tong, M., Costello, M., Cheng, L., Hu, H. & Luo, F., 'COVID-HateBERT: A Pre-trained Language Model for COVID-19 related Hate Speech Detection' (2021), Proceedings - 20th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2021, pp. 233-238
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Li, S., Zaidi, N.A., Liu, Q. & Li, G., 'Neighbours and Kinsmen: Hateful Users Detection with Graph Neural Network' (2021), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 12712 LNAI, pp. 434-446
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Lin, K.-Y., Lee, R.K.-W., Gao, W. & Peng, W.-C., 'Early Prediction of Hate Speech Propagation' (2021), IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops, ICDMW, 2021-December, pp. 967-974
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Lindenmayr, M., Kusen, E. & Strembeck, M., '‘Stronger than Hate’: On the Dissemination of Hate Speech during the 2020 Vienna Terrorist Attack' (2021), 2021 8th International Conference on Social Network Analysis, Management and Security, SNAMS 2021
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Lingaas, C., 'Hate Speech and Racialised Discrimination of the Norwegian Sámi: Legal Responses and Responsibility' (2021), Oslo Law Review, 8(2), pp. 88-107
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Lippard, C.D. & McNamee, C.B., 'Are Refugees Really Welcome? Understanding Northern Ireland Attitudes Towards Syrian Refugees' (2021), Journal of Refugee Studies, 34(3), pp. 3091-3112
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Liu, T., Xu, M. & Chen, X., 'Social media, gendered anxiety and disease-related misinformation: discourses in contemporary China’s online anti-African sentiments' (2021), Asian Journal of Communication, 31(6), pp. 485-501
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Liyanage, O. & Jayakumar, K., 'Hate Speech Detection in Sinhala-English Code-Mixed Language' (2021), 21st International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions, ICter 2021 – Proceedings, pp. 225-230
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Lopez, J.J., Jang, W., Prew, P.A., Lepe, L. & Mataitis, R., 'The Geography of Hate: Spatial Patterns of Bias-Motivated Crimes in Minnesota, 2015–18' (2021), American Journal of Criminal Justice [online
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López-Cepeda, I., Mañas-Viniegra, L. & Vivar-Zurita, H., 'Fundamental Rights of People With Disabilities Reflected in the Social Discourse of the Main Disability Organisations in Spain' (2021), Janus.net, 2021, pp. 93-111
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Lopez-Sanchez, M. & Müller, A., 'On simulating the propagation and countermeasures of hate speech in social networks' (2021), Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 11(24), 12003
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Losada-Díaz, J.-C., Zamora-Medina, R. & Martínez-Martínez, H., 'Hate speech on Instagram during 2019 General Election in Spain | [El discurso del odio en Instagram durante las Elecciones Generales 2019 en España]' (2021), Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion, 12(2), pp. 195-208
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Lulz, S. & Riegner, M., 'Freedom of expression and hate speech' (2021), in P. Dan & A.K. Thiruvengadam (Eds.) Democratic Constitutionalism in India and the European Union: Comparing the Law of Democracy in Continental Polities (pp. 191-222), Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing
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Lunny, A.M., 'Hate speech, media, and Canadian federal law' (2021), in M. Deflem & D.M.D. Silva (Eds), Media and Law: Between Free Speech and Censorship (Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance, Vol. 26) (pp. 133-149), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Ltd.
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Luttrell, R., Xiao, L. & Glass, J. (Eds.), 'Democracy in the Disinformation Age: Influence and Activism in American Politics' (2021), New York: Routledge
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Luu, S.T., Nguyen, K.V. & Nguyen, N.L.-T., 'A Large-Scale Dataset for Hate Speech Detection on Vietnamese Social Media Texts' (2021), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 12798 LNAI, pp. 415-426
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Lyu, H., Fan, Y., Xiong, Z., Komisarchik, M. & Luo, J., 'Understanding Public Opinion Toward the #StopAsianHate Movement and the Relation With Racially Motivated Hate Crimes in the US' (2021), IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems [online]
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M
Macdonald, S.J., Donovan, C. & Clayton, J., '‘I may be left with no choice but to end my torment’: Disability and intersectionalities of hate crime' (2021), Disability and Society [online]
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Macfarlane, E. (Ed.), 'Dilemmas of free expression' (2021), Toronto: University of Toronto Press
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Machova, K., Srba, I., Sarnovský, M., Paralič, J., Kresnakova, V.M., Hrckova, A., Kompan, M., Simko, M., Blaho, R., Chuda, D., Bielikova, M. & Navrat, P., 'Addressing False Information and Abusive Language in Digital Space Using Intelligent Approaches' (2021), Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1281, pp. 3-32
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Madran, H.A.D., 'The darker side of the virtual environment: Online discrimination' (2021), in E.E. Başar (Ed.) Paradigm Shifts within the Communication World (pp. 63-79), Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers
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Madukwe, K.J., Gao, X. & Xue, B., 'What Emotion Is Hate? Incorporating Emotion Information into the Hate Speech Detection Task' (2021), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13032 LNAI, pp. 273-286
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Mahmood, F., Acharya, D., Kumar, K. & Paudyal, V., 'Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on ethnic minority communities: A qualitative study on the perspectives of ethnic minority community leaders' (2021), BMJ Open, 11(10), e050584
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Malecki, W.P., Kowal, M., Dobrowolska, M. & Sorokowski, P., 'Defining Online Hating and Online Haters' (2021), Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 744614
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Malekoff, A., 'From the editor: stop Asian hate (for 44:4)' (2021), Social Work with Groups [online]
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Malik, P., Aggrawal, A. & Vishwakarma, D.K., 'Toxic Speech Detection using Traditional Machine Learning Models and BERT and fastText Embedding with Deep Neural Networks' (2021), Proceedings - 5th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication, ICCMC 2021, 9418395, pp. 1254-1259
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Mann, B., 'A Look at Religious-Based Hate Crimes' (2021), Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers
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Manning, J. & Manning L., 'Walking away from hate: Our journey through extremism' (2021), New Westminster, Canada: Tidewater Press
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Mansourifar, H., Alsagheer, D., Fathi, R., Shi, W., Ni, L. & Huang, Y., 'Hate Speech Detection in Clubhouse' (2021), Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1525 CCIS, pp. 341-351
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Marais, M.E., 'A duty perspective on the hate speech prohibition in the Equality Act' (2021), Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 24
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Marais, A., Nel, J.A. & Govender, R., 'Emotional consequences of hate incidents: Experiences of a South African cohort' (2021), South African Journal of Psychology [online]
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Marchellim, G.A. & Ruldeviyani, Y., 'Sentiment analysis of hate speech as an information tool to prevent riots and environmental damage' (2021), IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 700(1), 012024
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Mare, A. & Tsarwe, S., '“In their own words”: Journalistic mediation of electoral conflict in polarized Zimbabwe' (2021), in J. Maweu & A. Mare (Eds), Media, Conflict and Peacebuilding in Africa: Conceptual and Empirical Considerations (pp. 138-155), London: Routledge
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Markogiannaki, M., Biniari, L., Panagouli, E., Thomaidis, L., Sergentanis, T.N., Bacopoulou, F., Babalis, T., Psaltopoulou, T., Tsolia, M., Martens, H. & Tsitsika, A., 'Adolescent Perspectives About Online Hate Speech: Qualitative Analysis in the SELMA Project' (2021), Acta medica academica, 50(2), pp. 264-276
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