Publications: Criminal justice responses to hate crime
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de Mata, F.B., 'Probative peculiarities of hate speech on the Internet: identification of radical polarization indicators using algorithmic systems | Particularidades probatorias del discurso de odio en Internet: identificación de indicadores de polarización radical mediante sistemas algorítmicos' (2023), Revista de Internet, Derecho y Politica, 2023(39)
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Digranes, E., 'Disabled justice: A qualitative case study on barriers to registration of disability hate crime within the Norwegian criminal justice system' (2016)
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Disability Rights Commission, 'Hate crime against disabled people in Scotland: A survey report' (2004)
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Dittman, R., 'Policing hate crime from victim to challenger: A transgendered perspective' (2003), Probation Journal, 50(3), pp.282-288
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Dixon, L., 'Working with racially motivated offenders: Practice issues' (1999), Probation Journal, 46(3), pp.157-163
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Dixon, L., 'Tackling hate by driving diversity: A New Labour success story?' (2010), Probation Journal, 57(3), pp.314-321
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Dixon, L., 'Tackling racist offending: A generalised or targeted approach?' (2002), Probation Journal, 49(3), pp.205-216
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Dixon, L. & Court, D., 'Developing good practice with racially motivated offenders' (2003), Probation Journal, 50(2), pp.149-153
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Dixon, L. & Ray, L., 'Current issues and developments in race hate crime' (2007), Probation Journal, 54(2), pp.109-124
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Domínguez Ruiz, I.E., Roiha, M. & Jubany, O., 'Restorative solutions for anti-LGBT victimisation experiences: potential pathways for victims’ wellbeing and key challenges and needs' (2022), Culture, Health and Sexuality [online]
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Dominitz, J. & Knowles, J., 'Crime minimisation and racial bias: What can we learn from police search data?' (2006), The Economic Journal, 116(515), pp.F368-F384
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Duggan, M. & Heap, V., 'Administrating victimization: The politics of anti-social behaviour and hate crime policy' (2014), Palgrave Macmillan.
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Duggan, M. & Heap, V., 'Victims as vote-winners? The anti-social behaviour/hate crime nexus: Marian Duggan and Vicky Heap cast a critical eye over the policy connections' (2013), Criminal Justice Matters, 94(1), pp.24-25
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Dunbar, E. & Molina, A., 'Opposition to the legitimacy of hate crime laws: The role of argument acceptance, knowledge, individual differences, and peer influence' (2004), Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 4(1), pp.91-113
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Eisenberg, A., 'A Trauma-Centered Approach to Addressing Hate Crimes' (2022), Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 112(4),2, pp. 729-748
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Ellis, T. & Hall, N., 'Hate crime' (2010), in Brown, J. & Campbell, E. (eds.) (2010) Cambridge Handbook of Forensic Psychology. Cambridge University Press.
Equality and Human Rights Commission, 'Hidden in plain sight: Inquiry into disability-related harassment' (2011)
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Erentzen, C. & Schuller, R., 'Exploring the dark figure of hate: Experiences with police bias and the under-reporting of hate crime' (2020), Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 62(2), pp. 64-97
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European Commission, 'Guidance Note on the practical application of the EU Framework Decision' (2018)
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European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), 'ECRI Report on Austria (fifth monitoring cycle)' (2015), ECRI Secretariat, Council of Europe
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European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), 'ECRI Report on the Czech Republic (fifth monitoring cycle)' (2015), ECRI Secretariat, Council of Europe
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European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), 'ECRI Report on Estonia (fifth monitoring cycle)' (2015), ECRI Secretariat, Council of Europe
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Evans, R., 'Building trust' (2001), Police Review, 13, pp.20-21
Evans, S. & Evans, C., 'Parliamentary deliberation about racial vilification legislation' (2007), in Gelber, K. & Stone, A. (eds.) Hate Speech and Freedom of Speech in Australia. The Federation Press.
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Fallik, S.W., Gardner, S.E., Remillard, A., Venuto, T., Atkin-Plunk, C.A. & Dobrin, A., 'Defining Hate: A Content Analysis of State Hate Crime Legislation in the United States of America' (2022), Victims and Offenders [online]
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Farr, P., 'Becoming again a war machine: Deleuze and Guattari’s theory of state violence applied to hate crime and domestic violence' (2024), Subjectivity [online]
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Farris, E.M. & Holman, M.R., 'Sheriffs, right-wing extremism, and the limits of U.S. federalism during a crisis' (2023), Social Science Quarterly [online]
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Farris, E.M. & Holman, M.R., 'Local Gun Safety Enforcement, Sheriffs, and Right-Wing Political Extremism' (2023), Urban Affairs Review [online]
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Faulkner, E., 'Policing of LGBTQ Communities in Canada' (2021), Canadian Criminal Justice Association’s Justice Report (John Winterdyk Ed.), 36(1), pp. 20-23
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Faulkner, M.E., 'Empowering victim advocates: Organizing against anti-gay/lesbian violence in Canada' (2001), Critical Criminology, 10(2), pp.123-135
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Feddes, A.R. & Jonas, K.J., 'Associations Between Dutch LGBT Hate Crime Experience, Well-Being, Trust in the Police and Future Hate Crime Reporting' (2020), Social Psychology [online]
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Fidgett, P., 'Responding to racial violence' (1993), Probation Journal, 40(2), pp.88-90
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Fino, A., 'Defining Hate Speech' (2020), Journal of International Criminal Justice, 18(1), pp. 31-57
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Flahvin, A., 'Can legislation prohibiting hate speech be justified in light of free speech principles?' (1995), University of New South Wales Law Journal, 18(2), pp.327-340
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FRA – European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, 'Ensuring justice for hate crime victims: Professional perspectives' (2016)
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Franklin, K., 'Good intentions: The enforcement of hate crime penalty-enhancement statutes' (2002), American Behavioral Scientist, 46(1), pp.154-172
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Freeman, S. M., 'Improving the policing and prosecution of hate crimes' (2009), Anti Defamation League [ADL]
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Frevel, B. & Kuschewski, P., 'Policing divided societies. Requirements for the civic education of police officers' (2023), Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice [online]
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Fuchs, S., 'Fragile Hope: Seeking Justice for Hate Crimes in India' (2024), Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press
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Fuchs, S.I., 'Symbiotic Justice: Hate Crimes, Police Humiliation, and Layered Legal Consciousness in Dalit Human Rights' (2024), Social and Legal Studies [online]
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Fuentes, A.S., 'Awakening Hate, Perpetuating Oppressions: The Influence Of Mass Media In Criminal Politics About Gender Based Violences | [Despertando Odios, Perpetuando Opresiones: La Influencia De Los Medios De Comunicación En La Política Criminal De Las Violencias De Género]' (2022), Asparkia, (40), pp. 261-280
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Funnell, C. & Atkinson, P., 'Appreciative ethnography ‘Coming from a position of strength’' (2023), in J. Fleming & S. Charman (Eds) Routledge International Handbook of Police Ethnography (pp. 424–439), London: Routledge
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Fuszara, M., 'Hate crime' (2017), in J.M. Kurczewski & M. Fuszara (Eds.), How people use the courts: The disputes and courts in Poland (Polish Studies in Culture, Nations and Politics). Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang AG
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Gagliardi, S., Valverde-Cano, A. & Rice, O., 'Barriers to the investigation of gender-based hate crimes in the United Kingdom and Ireland: An empirical study' (2022), UCD Sutherland School of Law, University of Nottingham Rights Lab & Universitas 21 (March 2022 policy report)
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Gagliardi, S., Valverde-Cano, A. & Rice, O., 'Identifying and understanding barriers to investigation of gender-based hate crimes: Perspectives from law enforcement in Ireland and the United Kingdom' (2022), Criminology and Criminal Justice [online]
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Gamblin, B.W., Kehn, A., Vanderzanden, K., Ruthig, J.C., Jones, K.M. & Long, B.L., 'A comparison of juror decision making in race-based and sexual orientation-based hate crime cases' (2018), Journal of Interpersonal Violence [online]
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Gardner, M., 'Racism out: Racial vilification law and the Anti-Discrimination Board' (1995), Aboriginal Law Bulletin, 74(3), pp.9-10
Garkawe, S., 'International Human Rights and the law regarding sexual orientation: Two book reviews and more' (1997), Australasian Gay and Lesbian Law Journal, 7, pp.69-92
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Garland, J., 'Reshaping hate crime policy and practice: Lessons from a grassroots campaign' (2014), in Chakraborti, N. & Garland, J. (2014) Responding to hate crime: the case for connecting policy and research. Bristol: Policy Press.
Garland, J. & Chakraborti, N., 'Recognising and responding to victims of rural racism' (2006), International Review of Victimology, 13(1), pp.49-69
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