Publications: Law and hate crime
L
Levin, B., 'Hate crimes: Worse by definition' (1999), Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 15(1), pp.6-21
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'Reassessing laws on hate violence against the homeless' (2015), American Behavioral Scientist, 59(13), pp.1715-1728
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'From slavery to hate crime laws: The emergence of race and status based protection in American criminal law' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.227-245
View the publication online
Levin, B., & Amster, S., 'Making hate history: Hate crime and policing in America’s most diverse city' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.329-348
View the publication online
Levin, J. & McDevitt, J., 'Hate Crimes' (2022), in L.R. Kurtz (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict (Third Edition): Volume 2: Violence and Nonviolence (pp. 28-34), Cambridge, MA: Academic Press
View the publication online
Levin, J., Rabrenovic, G., Ferraro, V., Doran, T., & Methe, D., 'When a crime committed by a teenager becomes a hate crime: Results from two studies' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.246-257
View the publication online
Leyva, K. J., 'France’s Secularism: Navigating Security and Rights' (2024), Politics and Rights Review (13 June)
View the publication online
Lieberman, J.D., Arndt, J., Personius, J. & Cook, A., 'Vicarious annihilation: The effect of mortality salience on perceptions of hate crimes' (2001), Law and Human Behaviour, 25(6), pp.547-566
View the publication online
Liern, G.R., 'Glorification of terrorism: From the De Juana Chaos case to César Strawberry: From reception of the constitutional doctrine in the Supreme Court’s case law | [El enaltecimiento del terrorismo: Desde el caso de Juana Chaos a CÉsar Strawberry. La recepción de la doctrina constitucional en la jurisprudencia del tribunal supremo]' (2020), Revista de Derecho Politico, (109), pp. 191-227
View the publication online
Liern, G.R., 'Social Networks and Hate Speech: An International Perspective | [Redes Sociales y Discurso del Odio: Perspectiva Internacional]' (2020), Revista de Internet, Derecho y Politica, (31)
View the publication online
Liern, G.R., '“Democratic memory” versus ideological freedom: retrospective militant democracy │ “Memoria democrática” versus libertad ideológica: la democracia militante retrospectiva' (2023), Revista de Derecho Politico, (118), pp. 121–143
View the publication online
Lingaas, C., 'Hate Speech and Racialised Discrimination of the Norwegian Sámi: Legal Responses and Responsibility' (2021), Oslo Law Review, 8(2), pp. 88-107
View the publication online
Liu, Z., Luo, C. & Lu, J., 'Hate speech in the Internet context: Unpacking the roles of Internet penetration, online legal regulation, and online opinion polarization from a transnational perspective' (2023), Information Development [online]
View the publication online
Lombardi, E. & Sahni, H., 'The Impact of Anti-discrimination Legislation on Transgender People within the USA' (2023), Sexuality Research and Social Policy [online]
View the publication online
Lopez Valle, V.C.L., Antik, A. & Cavalcante De Lima, E.M.C., 'Facing fake news and hate speech: a new regulatory model for social media | O enfrentamento da desinformação e do discurso de ódio: um novo modelo regulatório para as redes sociais' (2023), Revista Eurolatinoamericana de Derecho Administrativo, 10(1), e239
View the publication online
López-Gutiérrez, Á., 'Non-verbal communication in hate and sexist speeches: Hate and sexist discourses without words' (2022), VISUAL Review. International Visual Culture Review / Revista Internacional de Cultura, 9
View the publication online
Lord Bracadale, 'Independent review of hate crime legislation in Scotland: Final report' (2018), Edinburgh, Scotland: The Scottish Government
View the publication online
Lowe, D., 'Far-Right Extremism: Is it Legitimate Freedom of Expression, Hate Crime, or Terrorism?' (2020), Terrorism and Political Violence, pp. 1-21
View the publication online
Lowe, D., 'Terrorism, Law and Policy: A Comparative Study (Second Edition)' (2022), London: Routledge
View the publication online
Lowe, D., 'Hate Crime in Northern Ireland: The Need for Legislation and a Bespoke Version of the Prevent Strategy' (2023), Terrorism and Political Violence [online]
View the publication online
Löwstedt, A. & Kapidžić, A., 'Communication in Dignity Since Early Antiquity: From Ptahhotep to Current Ethics and International Law' (2023), Journal of Intercultural Communication Research [online]
View the publication online
Lozano, Á.A., 'Criminal law backed by the European Union for ending hate speech and discrimination | El Derecho penal auspiciado por la Unión Europea para frenar los discursos de odio y la discriminación' (2023), Revista de Internet, Derecho y Politica, (37)
View the publication online
Lulz, S. & Riegner, M., 'Freedom of expression and hate speech' (2021), in P. Dan & A.K. Thiruvengadam (Eds.) Democratic Constitutionalism in India and the European Union: Comparing the Law of Democracy in Continental Polities (pp. 191-222), Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing
View the publication online
Lunny, A.M., 'Hate speech, media, and Canadian federal law' (2021), in M. Deflem & D.M.D. Silva (Eds), Media and Law: Between Free Speech and Censorship (Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance, Vol. 26) (pp. 133-149), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Ltd.
View the publication online
Lunny, A.M., 'Debating Hate Crime: Language, Legislatures, and the Law in Canada' (2017), Vancouver: UBC Press
View the publication online
Lunny, A.M., '‘Look, a Faggot!’: The Scopic Economies of Cruising, Queer Bashing and Law' (2013), Social & Legal Studies, 22(2), pp. 231-245
View the publication online
Lyons, C.J., 'Individual perceptions and the social construction of hate crimes: A factorial survey' (2008), The Social Science Journal, 45(1), pp.107-131
View the publication online
M
Maaß, S., Wortelker, J. & Rott, A., 'Evaluating the regulation of social media: An empirical study of the German NetzDG and Facebook' (2024), Telecommunications Policy, 102719
View the publication online
Macfarlane, E. (Ed.), 'Dilemmas of free expression' (2021), Toronto: University of Toronto Press
View the publication online
Mačkić, J., 'Proving discriminatory violence at the European Court of Human Rights' (2018), Dordrecht, Netherlands: Brill
View the publication online
Mačkić, J., 'The European Court of Human Rights and discriminatory violence complaints' (2016), in J. Schweppe & M.A. Walters, The globalization of hate: Internationalizing hate crime? (pp.233-246), Oxford: Oxford University Press
View the publication online
MacLachlan, H., 'Music and Incitement to Violence: Anti-Muslim Hate Music in Burma/Myanmar' (2022), Ethnomusicology, 66(3), pp. 410-442
View the publication online
MacNamara, B.S., 'New York’s Hate Crimes Act of 2000: Problematic and redundant legislation aimed at subjective motivation (commentary)' (2002), Albany Law Review, 66(2), pp.519-546
View the publication online
Mahmood, K., 'Countering Violent Extremism through Narrative Building in Pakistan' (2022), Islamic Studies, 61(1), pp. 63-84
View the publication online
Mahoney, K.E., 'Hate vilification legislation and freedom of expression: Where is the balance?' (1994), Australian Journal of Human Rights, 1(1), 353 (Paper presented at the Racism and Anti-Semitism in Contemporary Australia Conference, Melbourne, 11-12 June 1994)
View the publication online
Makouar, N., Devine, L. & Parker, S., 'Legislating to Control Online Hate Speech: A Corpus-Assisted Semantic Analysis of French Parliamentary Debates' (2023), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
View the publication online
Maksimova, E. & Stanojoska, A., 'The Impact of the EU Principle of Solidarity and the Rule of Law on Criminal Aspects of the Migrant Crisis in the Republic of North Macedonia' (2023), in T. Russo, A. Oriolo & G. Dalia (Eds.) European Union and Its Neighbours in a Globalized World (pp. 113–127), Cham: Springer
View the publication online
Malik, M., '‘Racist crime’: Racially aggravated offences in the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 Part II' (1999), Modern Law Review, 62(3), pp.409-424
View the publication online
Mallett, R.K., Huntsinger, J.R. & Swim, J.K., 'The role of system-justification motivation, group status and system threat in directing support for hate crimes legislation' (2011), Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47(2), pp.384-390
View the publication online
Manrique, M.L., 'Heinous crimes and the normative value of disgust. A critic to Dan Kahan view | Delitos odiosos y el valor normativo de la repugnancia. Una crítica a Dan Kahan' (2023), Revista de Derecho, 36(2), pp. 205–223
View the publication online
Marais, M.E., 'A duty perspective on the hate speech prohibition in the Equality Act' (2021), Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 24
View the publication online
Marais, M.E. & Pretorius, J.L., 'The Constitutionality of the Prohibition of Hate Speech in Terms of Section 10(1) of the Equality Act: A Reply to Botha and Govindjee' (2019), Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 22, pp. 1-37
View the publication online
Marr, D., 'How can we square freedom with anti-vilification laws?' (1998), HIV/AIDS Legal Link, 9(4), 10
View the publication online
Martín Guardado, S., 'Disinformation, hate and polarization in the digital environment: segregation of the public sphere and effects on democracy | DESINFORMACIÓN, ODIO Y POLARIZACIÓN EN EL ENTORNO DIGITAL: SEGREGACIÓN DE LA ESFERA PÚBLICA Y EFECTOS SOBRE LA DEMOCRACIA' (2023), Revista de Estudios en Derecho a la Informacion, 2023(15), pp. 3–30
View the publication online
Martins, A.C.L., 'Hate Speech in Social Networks and Recognition of the Other: The M. Case | [Discurso de Ódio em Redes Sociais e Reconhecimento do Outro: O Caso M.]' (2019), Revista Direito GV, 15(1)
View the publication online
Maruenda-Bataller, S., Mercé, L., Castellano Ortolà, E. (Eds.), 'Discourse, gender, and violence: Insights from news and social media texts' (2024), Lausanne, Berlin, Bruxelles, Chennai, New York, Oxford: Peter Lang
View the publication online
Marvin Jones, D., 'The Presumption: Race and Injustice in the United States' (2024), New York: Bloomsbury
View the publication online
Mas Grau, J., Langarita, J.A., Montserrat, C. & Viggiani, G., 'Exploring alternatives to the hate crimes model. Perceptions of civil society organizations regarding the application of restorative justice for bias-motivated crimes' (2024), Contemporary Justice Review: Issues in Criminal, Social, and Restorative Justice [online]
View the publication online
Mason, G., 'Blue Lives Matter and Hate Crime Law' (2020), Race and Justice [online]
View the publication online
Mason, G., 'Prejudice and paedophilia in hate crime laws: Dunn v R' (2009), Alternative Law Journal, 34(4), pp.253-256
View the publication online