Publications: Hate speech
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San Deogracias, J.C., Linares, R.C. & Segarra, M.G., 'The boomerang effect and hate speech comments in the press: Lionel Messi and the Catalan pro-independence movement (2019-2021) | Efeito boomerang e ódio na imprensa: Messi e a independência da Catalunha (2019-2021)' (2024), Icono14, 22(1), e2057
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Sánchez, D.S., 'Artistic Freedom and Hate Speech in the Light of the Valtònyc Case (Libertad DE Expresión Artística Y Discurso Del Odio a La Luz Del Caso Valtònyc)' (2019), Sistema, 255, pp. 101-121
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Sánchez, L.P. & Fernández, E.T., 'Media education in Primary: Intervention against hate in networks | Educación mediática en Primaria: Intervención contra el odio en redes' (2024), Rotura: Journal of Communication, Culture and Arts, 4(1), pp. 14–29
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Sánchez-Compaña, M.T., Sánchez-Cruzado, C. & García-Ruiz, C.R., 'An interdisciplinary scientific and mathematic education, addressing relevant social problems such as sexist hate speech' (2020), Information (Switzerland), 11(12), 543, pp. 1-16
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Sánchez-Holgado, P., Amores, J.J. & Blanco-Herrero, D., 'Online Hate Speech and Immigration Acceptance: A Study of Spanish Provinces' (2022), Social Sciences, 11(11), 515
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Sánchez-Meza, M., Corrales, L.S., Barbosa, M.V. & Carnicé-Mur, M., 'From social networks to hate networks? Analysis of the digital conversation on Twitter about the Spanish Minister of Equality Irene Montero | ¿De redes sociales a redes del odio? Análisis de la conversación digital en Twitter sobre la ministra de Igualdad española Irene Montero' (2023), Estudios Sobre el Mensaje Periodistico, 29(3), pp. 717–736
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Sánchez-Sánchez, A.M., Ruiz-Muñoz, D. & Sánchez-Sánchez, F.J., 'Research trends in the control of hate speech on social media for the 2016–2022 time frame │ Tendencias en la investigación para el control del discurso de odio en las redes sociales para el período 2016-2022 | Tendências na pesquisa sobre o controle do discurso de ódio nas redes sociais para o período 2016-2022' (2023), Cuadernos.info, (56), pp. 89–116
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Sánchez-Sánchez, A.M., Ruiz-Muñoz, D. & Sánchez-Sánchez, F.J., 'Mapping Homophobia and Transphobia on Social Media' (2023), Sexuality Research and Social Policy [online]
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Sánchez‐Holgado, P., Arcila‐Calderón, C. & Gomes‐Barbosa, M., 'Hate Speech and Polarization Around the “Trans Law” in Spain' (2023), Politics and Governance, 11(2), pp. 187-197
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Sandaruwan, H.M.S.T., Lorensuhewa, S.A.S. & Kalyani, M.A.L., 'Sinhala Hate Speech Detection in Social Media Using Text Mining and Machine Learning' (2019), 19th International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions, ICTer 2019 – Proceedings, 9023655
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Sande, N. & Maforo, B., 'Hate Speech as a Politico-Religious Tool in Contemporary Zimbabwe' (2022), Journal of Religion in Africa, 1(4), pp. 1-16
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Sang, Y. & Stanton, J., 'Analyzing Hate Speech with Incel-Hunters’ Critiques' (2020), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 5-13
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Sang, Y. & Stanton, J., 'The Origin and Value of Disagreement Among Data Labelers: A Case Study of Individual Differences in Hate Speech Annotation' (2022), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13192 LNCS, pp. 425-444
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Sanjurjo, V.A., 'Can hateful religious speech for reasons of gender, orientation and sexual identity be considered a hate crime? | [¿Es el discurso religioso odioso por razones de género, orientación e identidad sexual un discurso de odio?]' (2021), Revista de Derecho Politico, (112), pp. 175-214
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Sanoussi, M.S.A., Xiaohua, C., Agordzo, G.K., Guindo, M.L., Al Omari, A.M.M.A. & Issa, B.M., 'Detection of Hate Speech Texts Using Machine Learning Algorithm' (2022), 2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference, CCWC 2022, pp. 266-273
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Santamaría-Velascoa, F. & Ortiz, A.R., 'Hatred Expressives Institutionalized in Colombian Political Discourse. An Analysis of ‘Guerrilero’, ‘Castrochavista’, ‘Vándalo’ and ‘Gente de Bien’ | Expressões de ódio institucionalizados no discurso político colombiano. Uma análise sobre ‘guerrilheiro’, ‘castrochavista’, vândalo’ e ‘gente de bem’' (2023), Signo y Pensamiento, 42
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Santana, B.S., Vanin, A.A. & Wives, L.K., 'Sexist Hate Speech: Identifying Potential Online Verbal Violence Instances' (2022), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13208 LNAI, pp. 177-187
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Santhiya, S., Uma, S., Abinaya, N., Jayadharshini, P., Priyanka, S. & Dharshini, M.N., 'A Comparative Exploration in Text Classification for Hate Speech and Offensive Language Detection Using BERT-Based and GloVe Embeddings' (2024), 2024 2nd International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2024, pp. 1506–1509
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Santos, A.R.S.D., Rodrigues, C.M.D.O. & De Melo, H.B.S, 'Identifying Xenophobia in Twitter Posts Using Support Vector Machine with TF/IDF Strategy' (2022), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, Par F180474, 37
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Santos, D.L., 'Negative campaigning. Comparative analysis of the hate speech broadcast by Catalonian political leaders on their official Twitter accounts and television | Negatividad en procesos electorales. Análisis comparative del discurso de odio difundido por los líderes politicos catalanes en su cuenta oficial de Twitter y en televisión' (2023), Doxa Comunicacion, 2023(37)
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Santos, G.L., dos Santos, V.G., Kearns, C., Sinclair, G., Black, J., Doidge, M., Fletcher, T., Kilvington, D., Endo, P.T., Liston, K. & Lynn, T., 'Kicking Prejudice: Large Language Models for Racism Classification in Soccer Discourse on Social Media' (2024), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 14663 LNCS, pp. 547–562
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Santos, R.B., Matos, B.C., Carvalho, P., Batista, F. & Ribeiro, R., 'Semi-Supervised Annotation of Portuguese Hate Speech Across Social Media Domains' (2022), OpenAccess Series in Informatics, 104, 11
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Santosa, H., Rachman, F., Austen, S.A., Christianto & Girsang, A.S., 'IndoBERT for classifying hate speech in Twitter' (2024), AIP Conference Proceedings, 3026(1), 050015
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Sanya, A.D. & Suadaa, L.H., 'Handling Imbalanced Dataset on Hate Speech Detection in Indonesian Online News Comments' (2022), 2022 10th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, ICoICT 2022, pp. 380-385
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Sardo, A., 'Hate Speech: A Pragmatic Assessment of the European Court of Human Rights’ Jurisprudence' (2022), European Convention on Human Rights Law Review, 4(1), pp. 58-99
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Sari, T.I., Ardilla, Z.N., Hayatin, N. & Maskat, R., 'Abusive comment identification on Indonesian social media data using hybrid deep learning' (2022), IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 11(3), pp. 895-904
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Sarikakis, K., Kassa, B.E., Fenz, N., Goldschmitt S., Kasser, J. & Nowotarski, L., '“My haters and I”: Personal and political responses to hate speech against female journalists in Austria' (2021), Feminist Media Studies [online]
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Sarker, M., Hossain, M.F., Liza, F.R., Sakib, S.N. & Al Farooq, A., 'A Machine Learning Approach to Classify Anti-social Bengali Comments on Social Media' (2022), 2022 International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ICAEEE 2022
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Särmä, S., 'Underbelly: Making Online Hate Visible' (2020), New Perspectives, 28(1), pp. 128-141
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Sasidaran, K. & Geetha, J., 'Multimodal Hate Speech Detection using Fine-Tuned Llama 2 Model' (2024), International Conference on Intelligent Algorithms for Computational Intelligence Systems, IACIS 2024
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Sathishkumar, R., Govindarajan, M., Deepankumar, R., 'Hate Speech Detection in Social Media Using Ensemble Method in Classifiers' (2024), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 915, pp. 209–222
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Sathishkumar, R., Karthikeyan, T., Praveen, K.P. & Shamsundar, S.M., 'Ensemble Text Classification with TF-IDF Vectorization for Hate Speech Detection in Social Media' (2023), 2023 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2023
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Sato, M., 'A Digital Turn: Recognizing Asian Gendered Resistance During the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2022), ACME, 21(3), pp. 303-310
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Sato, A., 'Sanitising Social Media and the Production of Non-political Creative Content' (2022), Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 23(1), pp. 78-96
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Satyanarayana, K., 'Caste violence: Free speech or atrocity?' (2019), in P.K. Malreddy, A.S. Purakayastha & B. Heidemann (Eds.) Violence in South Asia: Contemporary Perspectives (pp. 37-51), London & New York: Routledge
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Saud, J. & Mozin, N., 'Hate speech law and its analysis on technological information manipulation' (2022), AIP Conference Proceedings, 2573, 040003-1
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Saufi, N.N.M., Kamaruddin, S. & Upadhyay, N.K., 'Policing Cyber Hate: A Comparative Analysis Between Malaysia and India' (2022), Indian Journal of Law and Justice, 13(2), pp. 29-49
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Saufi, N.N.M., Kamaruddin, S., Mohammad, A.M., Jabar, N.A.A., Rosli, W.R.W. & Talib, Z.M., 'Disruptive AI Technology and Hate Speech: A Legal Redress in Malaysia' (2023), 2023 International Conference on Disruptive Technologies, ICDT 2023, pp. 759–763
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Saumya, S., Kumar, A. & Singh, J.P., 'Filtering offensive language from multilingual social media contents: A deep learning approach' (2024), Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 133, 108159
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Sawant, M., Qureshi, M.A., Younus, A. & Caton, S., 'Using Explainable AI (XAI) for Identification of Subjectivity in Hate Speech Annotations for Low-Resource Languages' (2024), OASIS 2024 - Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Open Challenges in Online Social Media, Held in conjunction with the 35th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, HT 2024, pp. 10–17
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Saxena, S., Dixit, A.K. & Memoria, M., 'A Study of Web 3.0 Blockchain and Natural Learning Process Programming Study: Hate Discourse Detection' (2023), Proceedings of International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics, IC3I 2023, pp. 142–146
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Saxena, S., Dixit, A.K., Pandey, S., Pachouri, V., Aluvala, S. & Juyal, A., 'Examining Internet-based Hate Crime Through Artificial Intelligence' (2024), Proceedings - 2024 3rd International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2024, pp. 158–163
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Sazany, E. & Budi, I., 'Hate Speech Identification in Text Written in Indonesian With Recurrent Neural Network' (2019), 2019 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems, ICACSIS 2019, 8979959, pp. 211-216
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Scahill, A., 'Can hate speech be free speech?' (1994), Australasian Gay and Lesbian Law Journal, 4, 1
Scaramuzzino, G., 'Shrinking or expanding access to civic space? The consequences of hate speech, threats and harassment within Swedish civil society' (2023), Journal of Civil Society [online]
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Schäfer, S., Rebasso, I., Boyer, M.M. & Planitzer, A.M., 'Can We Counteract Hate? Effects of Online Hate Speech and Counter Speech on the Perception of Social Groups' (2023), Communication Research [online]
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Schäfer, S., Sülflow, M. & Reiners, L., 'Hate Speech as an Indicator for the State of the Society: Effects of Hateful User Comments on Perceived Social Dynamic' (2021), Journal of Media Psychology [online]
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Scharwächter, E. & Müller, E., 'Does Terrorism Trigger Online Hate Speech? On the Association of Events and Time Series' (2020), Annals of Applied Statistics, 14(3), pp. 1285-1303
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Schauer, F., 'Messages, motives, and hate crimes' (1992), Criminal Justice Ethics, 11(2), pp.52-54
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Schicchi, D., Upadhyaya, A., Fisichella, M. & Taibi, D., 'Using ChatGPT to Enhance Students’ Behavior in Social Media via the Moral Foundation Theory' (2023), Proceedings of the First International Workshop on High-performance Artificial Intelligence Systems in Education co-located with 22nd International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence (AIxIA 2023)
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