Publications: Politics of hate crime
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Lee, E. & Johnstone, M., 'Lest We Forget: Politics of Multiculturalism in Canada Revisited during COVID-19' (2021), Critical Sociology [online]
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Lee, S., Choi, J. & Ahn, C., 'Hate prompts participation: Examining the dynamic relationship between affective polarization and political participation' (2023), New Media and Society [online]
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Lengel, L. & Smidi, A., 'How affect overrides fact: Anti-Muslim politicized rhetoric in the post-truth era' (2018), in L. Zhang & C. Clark (Eds.). Affect, emotion, and rhetorical persuasion in mass communication (Chapter 8). New York, NY: Routledge
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Lepoutre, M., 'Democratic Speech in Divided Times' (2021), Oxford: Oxford University Press
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Lepoutre, M., 'Discursive optimism defended' (2023), Politics, Philosophy and Economics [online]
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Lera, E.C., 'The Correlation between Economic Decline and Radicalization towards the Far Right in the United States: The Case of Hate Groups in the Rust Belt | La correlación entre el detrimento económico y la radicalización hacia la extrema derecha en Estados Unidos: El caso de los grupos de odio en el Rust Belt' (2024), Norteamerica, 19(2)
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Levi, E., Mariani, R.D. & Patriarca, F., 'Hate at First Sight? Dynamic Aspects of the Electoral Impact of Migration: The Case of Ukip' (2019), Journal of Population Economics [online]
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Levy, B.L. & Levy, D.L., 'When love meets hate: The relationship between state policies on gay and lesbian rights and hate crime incidence' (2016), Social Science Research [online]
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Lewis, C. S., 'Tough on hate?: The cultural politics of hate crimes' (2013), New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press
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Leyva, K. J., 'France’s Secularism: Navigating Security and Rights' (2024), Politics and Rights Review (13 June)
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Libby, C., 'Sympathy, Fear, Hate Trans-Exclusionary Radical Feminism and Evangelical Christianity' (2022), Transgender Studies Quarterly, 9(3), pp. 425-442
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Liern, G.R., '“Democratic memory” versus ideological freedom: retrospective militant democracy │ “Memoria democrática” versus libertad ideológica: la democracia militante retrospectiva' (2023), Revista de Derecho Politico, (118), pp. 121–143
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Lilleker, D. & Pérez‐Escolar, M., 'Demonising Migrants in Contexts of Extremism: Analysis of Hate Speech in UK and Spain' (2023), Politics and Governance, 11(2), pp. 127-137
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Linhares, R.S., Rosa, J.M., Ferreira, C.H.G., Murai, F., Nobre, G. & Almeida, J., 'Uncovering Coordinated Communities on Twitter During the 2020 U.S. Election' (2022), Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, ASONAM 2022, pp. 80-87
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Liu, L., '“Virtual Ethnic Town Hall”: WeChat and Suburban Chinese Migrants’ Multidirectional Activism' (2023), Journal of American Ethnic History, 42(3), pp. 5-39
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Liu, M., Anastasio, N., LeFreniere, H. & Perliger, A., 'Public Health Crisis and Hate Crimes: Deciphering the Proliferation of Anti-Asian Violence in the US before and during COVID-19' (2023), Perspectives on Terrorism, 17(2), pp. 30–59
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Logvinov, M., 'Rechtsextreme Gewalt: Erklärungsansätze – Befunde – Kritik' (2017), Wiesbaden: Springer VS
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López Romo, R. & Fernández Soldevilla, G., 'From ethnic exclusion to terrorism? The case of radical Basque nationalism' (2018), Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies 24(3), pp. 443-459
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Lorenzo, C. & Neves, F., 'State Right-Wing Extremism and Medical Governance: The Brazilian Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic | Extrémisme de droite d’État et gouvernance médicale: l’expérience brésilienne pendant la pandémie de COVID-19' (2024), Revista Critica de Ciencias Sociais, 134, pp. 75–98
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Losada-Díaz, J.-C., Zamora-Medina, R. & Martínez-Martínez, H., 'Hate speech on Instagram during 2019 General Election in Spain | [El discurso del odio en Instagram durante las Elecciones Generales 2019 en España]' (2021), Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion, 12(2), pp. 195-208
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Lotter, M.-S., 'Should “vulnerable groups” be protected from criticism? On the Functions of Free Speech for Liberal Democracy and the Ideology of Vulnerability | [Sind „vulnerable Gruppen“vor Kritik zu schützen? Die Funktionen der Redefreiheit für die liberale Demokratie und die Ideologisierung der Vulnerabilität]' (2023), Zeitschrift fur Praktische Philosophie, 9(2), pp. 375-398
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Lovett, S., 'Disgust and the Limits of Reason: Countering the Fear of Contamination and Resistance to Education in a Post-modern Climate' (2023), in Z. Gross (Ed.) Reimagining the Landscape of Religious Education: Challenges and Opportunities (pp. 181–192), Cham: Springer
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Lowe, D., 'Far-Right Extremism: Is it Legitimate Freedom of Expression, Hate Crime, or Terrorism?' (2020), Terrorism and Political Violence, pp. 1-21
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Lowe, D., 'Terrorism, Law and Policy: A Comparative Study (Second Edition)' (2022), London: Routledge
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Lowe, D., 'Hate Crime in Northern Ireland: The Need for Legislation and a Bespoke Version of the Prevent Strategy' (2023), Terrorism and Political Violence [online]
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Löwstedt, A. & Kapidžić, A., 'Communication in Dignity Since Early Antiquity: From Ptahhotep to Current Ethics and International Law' (2023), Journal of Intercultural Communication Research [online]
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Lulz, S. & Riegner, M., 'Freedom of expression and hate speech' (2021), in P. Dan & A.K. Thiruvengadam (Eds.) Democratic Constitutionalism in India and the European Union: Comparing the Law of Democracy in Continental Polities (pp. 191-222), Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing
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Lünenborg, M. & Röttger-Rössler, B. (Eds.), 'Affective Formation of Publics: Places, Networks, and Media' (2023), London: Routledge
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Luque, J.L.Z., Mangado, A.R. & Ruiz, C.R.G., 'Democratic Memory in times of populism. Historical thinking and emotions in teacher training | Memória democrática em tempos de populismo. Pensamento histórico e emoções na formação de professores' (2024), Acta Scientiarum - Education, 46(1), e68059
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Luttrell, R., Xiao, L. & Glass, J. (Eds.), 'Democracy in the Disinformation Age: Influence and Activism in American Politics' (2021), New York: Routledge
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Lyle, P.L., Esmail, A. & Eargle, L., 'Mass shooting and misogyny: Broken males are pulling the trigger' (2022), in Information Resources Management Association (Eds.) Research Anthology on Modern Violence and Its Impact on Society (pp. 970-995), Hershey, PA: IGI Global
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Ma-Kellams, C., Bishop, B., Zhang, M.F. & Villagrana, B., 'Using “Big Data” versus alternative measures of aggregate data to predict the U.S. 2016 Presidential Election' (2017), Psychological Reports [online]
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Macagno, F., 'Argumentation profiles and the manipulation of common ground. The arguments of populist leaders on Twitter' (2022), Journal of Pragmatics, 191, pp. 67-82
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Macedo, S., 'Lost in the marketplace of ideas: Towards a new constitution for free speech after Trump and Twitter?' (2022), Philosophy and Social Criticism, 48(4), pp. 496-514
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Macfarlane, E. (Ed.), 'Dilemmas of free expression' (2021), Toronto: University of Toronto Press
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MacGinty, R., 'Ethno-national conflict and hate crime' (2001), American Behavioral Scientist, 45(4), pp.639-653
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Maci, S.M., Demata, M., McGlashan, M. & Seargeant, P. (Eds.), 'The Routledge Handbook of Discourse and Disinformation' (2023), London: Routledge
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Maeso, S.R., '‘Civilising’ the Roma? The depoliticisation of (anti-)racism within the politics of integration' (2015), Identities, 22(1), pp.53-70
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Mafu, L., 'Discourse Structures, Weaponization of Language and Ethiopia’s Civil War' (2024), SAGE Open, 14(3)
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Magano, O. & D’Oliveira, T., 'Antigypsyism in Portugal: Expressions of Hate and Racism in Social Networks' (2023), Social Sciences, 12(9), 511
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Maguire, T., 'Curating hatred: The Joe McWilliams’s controversy at the Ulster Museum' (2016), Journal of Hate Studies, 13(1), pp. 61-83
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Maine, A., 'Perceptions of Violence and the Self-Regulation of Identity for LGBTQ People in the UK' (2022), Journal of Criminal Law, 86(2), pp. 60-74
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Makouar, N., Devine, L. & Parker, S., 'Legislating to Control Online Hate Speech: A Corpus-Assisted Semantic Analysis of French Parliamentary Debates' (2023), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
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Maksimova, E. & Stanojoska, A., 'The Impact of the EU Principle of Solidarity and the Rule of Law on Criminal Aspects of the Migrant Crisis in the Republic of North Macedonia' (2023), in T. Russo, A. Oriolo & G. Dalia (Eds.) European Union and Its Neighbours in a Globalized World (pp. 113–127), Cham: Springer
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Malcom, Z.T., Wenger, M.R. & Lantz, B., 'Politics or Prejudice? Separating the Influence of Political Affiliation and Prejudicial Attitudes in Determining Support for Hate Crime Law' (2022), Psychology, Public Policy, and Law [online]
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Mamlok, D., 'The Quest to Cultivate Tolerance Through Education' (2023), Studies in Philosophy and Education [online]
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Mandal, M. & Das, P. (Eds.), 'Holocaust vs. Popular Culture: Interrogating Incompatibility and Universalization' (2023), London: Routledge
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Mandal, P., Senapati, A. & Nag, A., 'Hate-Speech Detection in News Articles: In the Context of West Bengal Assembly Election 2021' (2022), Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 888, pp. 247-256
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Mander, H., '‘India’s lynchings: Ordinary crimes, rough justice or command hate crimes?' (2019), in P.K. Malreddy, A.S. Purakayastha & B. Heidemann (Eds.) Violence in South Asia: Contemporary Perspectives (pp. 144-159), London & New York: Routledge
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Marcks, H. & Pawelz, J., 'From Myths of Victimhood to Fantasies of Violence: How Far-Right Narratives of Imperilment Work' (2020), Terrorism and Political Violence [online]
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