Publications: B
Baydogan, C. & Alatas, B., 'Metaheuristic Ant Lion and Moth Flame Optimization-Based Novel Approach for Automatic Detection of Hate Speech in Online Social Networks' (2021), IEEE Access, 9, 9505636, pp. 110047-110062
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Baydogan, C. & Alatas, B., 'Deep-Cov19-Hate: A Textual-Based Novel Approach for Automatic Detection of Hate Speech in Online Social Networks throughout COVID-19 with Shallow and Deep Learning Models' (2022), Tehnicki Vjesnik, 29(1), pp. 149-156
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Bayer, J., 'High-impact hate speech by persons of authority: A lower threshold needed?' (2022), Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies [online]
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Bayley, D. H., 'Policing hate: What can be done?' (2002), Policing and Society, 12(2), pp.83-91
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Bayrak, Ş., Karaca, A., Toson, F., Kocabey, A. & Arslanoǧlu, F.B., 'Detection of Hate Speech in Turkish Social Media Posts with BERT-Base Model | BERT-Base Modeli ile Türkçe Sosyal Medya Paylaşimlarinda Nefret Söylemi Tespiti' (2023), 31st IEEE Conference on Signal Processing and Communications Applications, SIU 2023
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Bayrakli, E. & Hafez, F. (Eds.), 'European Islamophobia Report 2016' (2016), SETA
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Bayrakli, E. & Hafez, F. (Eds.), 'European Islamophobia Report 2015' (2015), SETA
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Bayraklı, E. & Hafez, F. (Eds.), 'Islamophobia in Muslim majority societies' (2018), New York, NY: Routledge
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Beadle-Brown, J., Richardson, L., Guest, C., Malovic, A., Bradshaw, J. & Himmerich, J., 'Living in fear: Better outcomes for people with learning disabilities and autism' (2014), Canterbury: Tizard Centre, University of Kent.
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Beale, S. S., 'Federalizing hate crimes: Symbolic politics, expressive law, or tool for criminal enforcement?' (2000), Boston University Law Review, 80(5), pp.1227-1281
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Beall, S., Makri, S. & McKay, D., 'Stronger Than Yesterday: Investigating Peoples’ Experiences of View Strengthening on Social Media' (2023), Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 60(1), pp. 41–52
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Beasley, C. & Papadelos, P. (Eds.), 'Living Legacies of Social Injustice: Power, Time and Social Change' (2023), London: Routledge
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Beatty Moody, D.L., Waldstein, S.R., Tobin, J.N., Cassells, A., Schwartz, J.C. & Brondolo, E., 'Lifetime racial/ethnic discrimination and ambulatory blood pressure: The moderating effect of age' (2016), Health Psychology, 35(4), pp.333-342
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Bechtold, E., 'Scotland’s New Hate Crime Act Imperils Freedom of Expression' (2022), Edinburgh Law Review, 26(2), pp. 250-257
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Beck, E.M. & Tolnay, S.E., 'The killing fields of the deep South: The market for cotton and the lynching of Blacks, 1882-1930' (1990), American Sociological Review, 55(4), pp.526-539
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Beck, J., Eckman, S., Chew, R. & Kreuter, F., 'Improving Labeling Through Social Science Insights: Results and Research Agenda' (2022), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13518 LNCS, pp. 245-261
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Beck, P. et al., 'Operation Jackhammer' (1990), Canberra Times
Becker, A.B., 'Sacha Baron Cohen, Anti-Semitism, and Borat: Using Advocacy and Irony to Speak Out Against Hate' (2021), Society [online]
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Becker, P.J., 'The creation of Ohio’s ethnic intimidation law: Triggering events, media campaigns, and interest group activity' (1999), American Journal of Criminal Justice, 23(2), pp.247-265
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Becker, M.J., Ascone, L. & Troschke, H., 'Antisemitic comments on Facebook pages of leading British, French, and German media outlets' (2022), Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9(1), 339
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Becker, M.J., Ascone, L., Placzynta, K. & Vincent, C. (Eds.), 'Antisemitism in Online Communication: Transdisciplinary Approaches to Hate Speech in the Twenty-First Century' (2024), Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers
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Beddiar, D.R., Jahan, M.S. & Oussalah, M., 'Data expansion using back translation and paraphrasing for hate speech detection' (2021), Online Social Networks and Media, 24, 100153
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Bedrosova, M., Machackova, H., Šerek, J., Smahel, D. & Blaya, C., 'The relation between the cyberhate and cyberbullying experiences of adolescents in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia' (2022), Computers in Human Behavior, 126, 107013
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Beers, L.S., Szilagyi, M., Seigel, W.M., Davis, W.S., Fukuda, Y., Joseph, M., Wright, J.L., Goza, S.H. & Del Monte, M., 'Immunizing against hate: Overcoming Asian American and Pacific Islander racism' (2021), Pediatrics, 148(1), e2021051836
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Begun, S. & Kattari, S.K., 'Conforming for survival: Associations between transgender visual conformity/passing and homelessness experiences' (2016), Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 28(1), pp.54-66
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Behzadidoost, R., Mahan, F. & Izadkhah, H., 'Granular computing-based deep learning for text classification' (2024), Information Sciences, 652, 119746
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Bejan, T.M., 'Hobbes against hate speech' (2022), British Journal for the History of Philosophy [online]
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Bel-Enguix, G., Gómez-Adorno, H., Sierra, G., Vásquez, J., Andersen, S.T. & Ojeda-Trueba, S., 'Overview of HOMO-MEX at Iberlef 2023: Hate speech detection in Online Messages directed Towards the MEXican Spanish speaking LGBTQ+ population | Resumen de HOMO-MEX en Iberlef 2023: Detección de discuros de odio en mensajes online dirigidos hacia la población LGBTQ+ hablante de español Mexicano' (2023), Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural, (71), pp. 361–370
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Belal, M., Ullah, G. & Khan, A.A., 'Islamophobic Tweet Detection using Transfer Learning' (2022), Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Connected Systems and Intelligence, CSI 2022
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Belal, T.A., Shahariar, G.M. & Kabir, M.H., 'Interpretable Multi Labeled Bengali Toxic Comments Classification using Deep Learning' (2023), 3rd International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Engineering, ECCE 2023
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Belgioioso, M., Dworschak, C. & Gleditsch, K.S., 'Local deprivation predicts right-wing hate crime in England' (2023), PLoS ONE, 18(9 September), e0289423
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Bell, J., 'Lack of punishment Doesn’t fit the crime: America’s tepid response to bias-motivated crime' (2021), Studies in Law Politics and Society, 85, pp. 29-48
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Bell, J., 'Policing hatred: Police bias units and the construction of hate crime' (1997), Michigan Journal of Race & Law, 2, pp.421-460
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Bell, J, 'Policing hatred: Law enforcement, civil rights, and hate crime' (2002), New York: New York University Press
Bell, J., 'Deciding when hate is a crime: The first amendment, police detectives and the identification of hate crime' (2002), Rutgers Race and the Law Review, 4(1), pp.33-76
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Bell, J., 'Hate thy neighbor: Lessons for neighborhood integration for the post-Obama era and beyond' (2017), Law & Social Inquiry [online]
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Bell, J., 'The Resistance & the Stubborn but Unsurprising Persistence of Hate and Extremism in the United States' (2019), Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 26(1), pp. 305-315
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Bell, J., 'Pick the Lowest Hanging Fruit: Hate Crime Law and the Acknowledgment of Racial Violence' (2022), Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 112(4), pp. 691-728
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Bell, J.G. & Perry, B., 'Outside looking in: The community impacts of anti-lesbian, gay, and bisexual hate crime' (2015), Journal of Homosexuality, 62(1), pp.98-120
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Bello, B.G., 'Tackling online hate speech from a European perspective: Potentials and challenges of inter-legality' (2023), Onati Socio-Legal Series, 13(4), pp. 1376–1411
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Benček, D. & Martin, C., 'Explaining hate crimes against refugees in Germany: Regional spill-overs or local determinants?' (2016), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Working Paper
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Benedi Lahuerta, S. & Iusmen, I., 'EU Nationals’ Vulnerability in the Context of Brexit: The Case of Polish Nationals' (2020), Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies [online]
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Benier, K., 'The neighborhood context of hate crime: A comparison of violent and property offenses using rare events modeling' (2016), Violence and Victims, 32(4), pp.584-608
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Benier, K., 'Understanding hate: Hate crime in Brisbane neighbourhoods' (2021), in R. Wickes & L. Mazerolle (Eds.) Handbook for Counselors Serving Students with Gifts and Talents: Development, Relationships, School Issues, and Counseling Needs/Interventions (pp. 47-62), London: Routledge
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Benier, K., 'The harms of hate: Comparing the neighbouring practices and interactions of hate crime victims, non-hate crime victims and non-victims' (2017), International Review of Victimology [online], pp.1-23
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Benier, K., 'Global terrorism events and ensuing hate incidents' (2016), in J. Schweppe & M.A. Walters, The globalization of hate: Internationalizing hate crime? (pp.79-95), Oxford: Oxford University Press
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Benier, K., 'The people or the place? An analysis of the protective factors of hate crime in multiethnic neighbourhoods in Australia' (2019), Australian Journal of Social Issues [online]
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Benier, K., Wickes, R. & Higginson, A., 'Ethnic hate crime in Australia: Diversity and change in the neighbourhood context' (2016), British Journal of Criminology, 56(3), pp.479-496
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Benítez-Andrades, J.A., González-Jiménez, Á., López-Brea, Á., Aveleira-Mata, J., Alija-Pérez, J.-M. & García-Ordás, M.T., 'Detecting racism and xenophobia using deep learning models on Twitter data: CNN, LSTM and BERT' (2022), PeerJ Computer Science, 8, e906
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Benitez-Andrades, J.A., González-Jiménez, Á., López-Brea, Á., Benavides, C., Aveleira-Mata, J., Alija-Pérez, J.-M. & García-Ordás, M.T., 'BERT Model-Based Approach for Detecting Racism and Xenophobia on Twitter Data' (2022), Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1537 CCIS, pp. 148-158
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