Publications
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Nielsen, L.B., 'Subtle, pervasive, harmful: Racist and sexist remarks in public as hate speech' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.265-280
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Niemann, M., Riehle, D.M., Brunk, J. & Becker, J., 'What Is Abusive Language?: Integrating Different Views on Abusive Language for Machine Learning' (2020), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 12021 LNCS, pp. 59-73
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Nigatu, H.H. & Raji, I.D., 'I Searched for a Religious Song in Amharic and Got Sexual Content Instead”: Investigating Online Harm in Low-Resourced Languages on YouTube' (2024), 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, FAccT 2024, pp. 141–160
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Nigussie, H., Kiflu, G. & Desta, B., 'Echoes of Violence: Analyzing Hate Speech in the Ethiopian Broadcast Media' (2024), Journal of Communication Inquiry [online]
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Nikolaev, A.G., Porpora, D., Coffman, N. & Elliott-Maksymowicz, K., 'Hate speech as a form of entertainment: an unexpected support for the gratification hypothesis on Twitter' (2023), Atlantic Journal of Communication [online]
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Nikolaou, D., 'Same-sex marriage laws, LGBT hate crimes, and employment discrimination charges' (2021), Southern Economic Journal [online]
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Nikouei, M. & Zamani, M., '‘Jurisprudence of tolerance: Hate speech, Article 17 and theory of democracy in the European Convention on Human Rights’' (2019), International Human Rights Law Review, 8(1), pp. 67-88
Nilsson, F., Al-Azzawi, S.S. & Kovács, G., 'Leveraging Sentiment Data for the Detection of Homophobic/Transphobic Content in a Multi-Task, Multi-Lingual Setting Using Transformers' (2022), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 3395, pp. 196-207
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Nina-Gutiérrez, E.A., Pacheco-Alanya, J.E. & Morales-Arevalo, J.C., 'Multilingual Detection of Cyberbullying on Social Networks Using a Fine-Tuned GPT-3.5 Model' (2024), Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2172 CCIS, pp. 252–263
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Ninalga, D., 'Cordyceps@LT-EDI: Patching Language-Specific Homophobia/Transphobia Classifiers with a Multilingual Understanding' (2023), LTEDI 2023 - 3rd Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity and Inclusion - Proceedings, pp. 185–191
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Ninemsn, 'Aboriginal teen charged under racial vilification laws' (2006)
Nishimura, M., 'Lifetimes of Punishment: The Imperial Feedback Loop of Anti-Asian Violence' (2023), Sociological Inquiry [online]
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Nithish Babu, M. & Preethi, P., 'OCR-Based Multi-class Classification of Hate Speech in Images' (2023), 1st International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronics and Computational Intelligence, ICAEECI 2023
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Nithyashree, V., Hiremath, B.N., Vanishree, L., Duvvuri, A., Madival, D.A. & Vidyashree, G., 'Identification of Toxicity in MultimediaMessages for Controlling Cyberbullying on Social Media by Natural Language Processing' (2022), 2022 IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing, VLSI, Electrical Circuits and Robotics, DISCOVER 2022 – Proceedings, pp. 12-18
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Niu, S., Veazey, K., Pagan, P. & Ghimire, A., 'Understanding Hate Group Videos on YouTube' (2022), Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW, pp. 32-36
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Nizaruddin, F., 'Resisting the configurations for a Hindu nation' (2020), HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 10(3), pp. 726-733
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Nizaruddin, F., 'Role of Public WhatsApp Groups Within the Hindutva Ecosystem of Hate and Narratives of “CoronaJihad”' (2021), International Journal of Communication. 15, pp. 1102-1119
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Nizaruddin, F., 'The Kabir Project: Using Transmedia Work to Disrupt Right-Wing Narratives of Othering' (2023), in J. Dalby & M. Freeman (Eds.) Transmedia Selves: Identity and Persona Creation in the Age of Mobile and Multiplatform Media (pp. 179–190), London: Routledge
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Njoh, A.J., 'The segregated city in British and French colonial Africa' (2008), Race & Class, 49(4), pp.87-95
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Njoku, J.N., Eneh, A.U., Nwakanma, C.I., Lee, J.-M. & Kim, D.-S., 'MetaHate: Text-based Hate Speech Detection for Metaverse Applications using Deep Learning' (2023), International Conference on ICT Convergence, pp. 979–984
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Nkemelu, D., Shah, H., Best, M. & Essa, I., 'Tackling Hate Speech in Low-resource Languages with Context Experts' (2022), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 5
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Nkwe, S., 'An Analysis of Xenophobic Elements in South Africa’s Public Discourse via Social Media' (2023), Journal of African Films and Diaspora Studies, 6(1), pp. 23–40
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Nnawulezi, N.A. & Sullivan, C.M., 'Oppression within safe spaces: Exploring racial microaggressions within domestic violence shelters' (2014), Journal of Black Psychology, 40(6), pp.563-591
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Noblitt, J.M., 'Living a life of love in the midst of trauma' (2016), in E. Ott Marshall (Ed.), Conflict transformation and religion: Essays on faith, power, and relationship (pp.67-79).
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Noelle, M., 'The ripple effect of the Matthew Shepard murder: Impact on the assumptive worlds of members of the targeted group' (2002), American Behavioral Scientist, 46(1), pp.27-50
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Noetzold, D., Rossetto, A.G.D.M., Izquierdo, L.R. & Leithardt, V.R.Q., 'Use of Spyware Integrated with Prediction Models for Computer Monitoring | Uso de Spyware Integrado com Modelos de Predição para Monitoramento em Computadores' (2023), Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, CISTI, 2023
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Nogara, G., Vishnuprasad, P.S., Cardoso, F., Ayoub, O., Giordano, S. & Luceri, L., 'The Disinformation Dozen: An Exploratory Analysis of Covid-19 Disinformation Proliferation on Twitter' (2022), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 348-358
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Nolan III, James J., McDevitt, J., Cronin, S. & Farrell, A., 'Learning to see hate crimes: A framework for understanding and clarifying ambiguities in hate crime classification' (2004), Criminal Justice Studies: A Critical Journal of Crime, Law and Society, 17(1), pp.91-105
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Nolan, J. & Akiyama, Y., 'Assessing the climate for hate crime reporting in law enforcement organizations: A force-field analysis' (2002), The Justice Professional, 15(2), pp.87-103
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Nolan, J.J. & Akiyama, Y., 'An analysis of factors that affect law enforcement participation in hate crime reporting' (1999), Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 15, pp.111-127
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Nolan, J.J., Akiyama, Y. & Berhanu, S., 'The Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990: Developing a method for measuring the occurrence of hate violence' (2002), American Behavioral Scientist, 46(1), pp.136-153
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Nolan, J.J., Haas, S.M., Turley, E., Stump, J. & LaValle, C.R., 'Assessing the “statistical accuracy” of the national incident-based reporting system hate crime data' (2015), American Behavioral Scientist, 59(12), pp.1562-1587
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Nolan, J.J., Nicewarner, R.L. & Momen, R.E., 'Preventing rural hate crime' (2020), in A. Harkness (Ed), Rural Crime Prevention: Theory, Tactics and Techniques (pp. 113-127), Routledge
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Noorian, Z., Ghenai, A., Moradisani, H., Zarrinkalam, F. & Alavijeh, S.Z., 'User-Centric Modeling of Online Hate Through the Lens of Psycholinguistic Patterns and Behaviors in Social Media' (2024), IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems [online]
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Nor, M.W.M. & Gale, P., 'Growing Fear of Islamisation: Representation of Online Media in Malaysia' (2021), Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs [online]
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Norma, M.-D., 'Currents of Innuendo Converge on an American Path to Political Hate' (2023), Daedalus, 152(3), pp. 194–211
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Norris, D., 'Are laws proscribing incitement to religious hatred compatible with freedom of speech?' (2008), UCL Human Rights Review, 1(1), pp.102-117
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Norris, J.J., 'Why Dylann Roof is a terrorist under federal law, and why it matters' (2017), Harvard Journal on Legislation, 54(1), pp.501-542
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Northern Ireland Policing Board, 'Thematic review of policing race hate crime' (2017), Belfast
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Northern Territory, 'Parliamentary debates, Legislative Assembly, 24 August 2006 (Dr Peter Toyne)' (2006)
Northern Territory, 'Parliamentary debates, Legislative Assembly, 17 October 2006 (Jodeen Carney, Opposition Leader)' (2006)
Nouas, S., Boumahdi, F., Madani, A. & Berrhail, F., 'Cyberbullying: A BERT Bi-LSTM Solution for Hate Speech Detection' (2023), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 760 LNNS, pp. 57–65
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Nourooz Pour, H., 'Transitional justice and online social platforms: Facebook and the Rohingya genocide' (2023), International Journal of Law and Information Technology, 31(2), pp. 95–113
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Nugent, S., Wilkie, M. & Iredale, R., 'Racist violence' (1989), Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology
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Nugent, W.R. & Lee, J.B., 'The relationship between violent political rhetoric and suicide rates' (2024), Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment [online]
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Nugent, W.R., Abrams, T.E. & Joseph, A.A., 'The Relationship between Violent Political Rhetoric and Mass Shootings' (2021), Journal of Social Service Research [online]
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Nugrahaningsih, N., Lestari, A. & Karolita, D., 'Identifying the Offensive Words in the Twitter Using Latent Semantic Analysis' (2020), 6th International Conference on Computing, Engineering, and Design, ICCED 2020, 9415773
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Nugroho, A., Handayani, I. & Riwanto, A., 'Hate Speech or Freedom of Expression: Examining Indicators of Democracy in Selected Hybrid Regimes' (2023), International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 18(1), pp. 244–266
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Nugroho, K., Noersasongko, E., Purwanto, Muljono, Fanani, A.Z., Affandy, & Basuki, R.S., 'Improving Random Forest Method to Detect Hate Speech and Offensive Words' (2019), 2019 International Conference on Information and Communications Technology, ICOIACT 2019, 8938451, pp. 514-518
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Núñez, M.O. & Poveda, S.M., 'Values and Countervalues of the Culture of Peace in Spanish Football. Virtual Environment Analysis. | [VALORES Y CONTRAVALORES DE LA CULTURA DE PAZ EN EL FÚTBOL ESPAÑOL Análisis de los entornos virtuales]' (2022), VISUAL Review. International Visual Culture Review / Revista Internacional de Cultura, 9
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