Publications
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Turner, S.L., 'Pediatric healthcare professionals’ attitudes and beliefs about weight stigma: A descriptive study' (2024), Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 75, pp. 64–71
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Turpin-Petrosino, C., 'Understanding hate crimes: Acts, motives, offenders, victims, and justice' (2015), (Vol. 1), New York, NY: Routledge
Turpin-Petrosino, C., 'Hateful sirens… Who hears their song? An examination of student attitudes toward hate groups and affiliation potential' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.281-301
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Turvey, B.E., 'Hate crimes: Misunderstanding, misapplication, and false reports' (2017), in B.E. Turvey, J.O. Savino & A. Coronado Mares (Eds.), False Allegations: Investigative and Forensic Issues in Fraudulent Reports of Crime (pp.225-250). London: Elsevier
Tusikov, N., '‘Defunding hate: PayPal’s regulation of hate groups’' (2019), Surveillance and Society, 17(1-2), pp. 46-53
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Tuters, M., Devries, M., Venturini, T., de Zeeuw, D. & Willaert, T., 'Reactionary sensemaking: Mapping the micropolitics of online oppositional subcultures' (2024), Big Data and Society, 11(1)
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Tverdokhlib, O., Vysotska, V., Pukach, P. & Vovk, M., 'Information Technology for Identifying Hate Speech in Online Communication Based on Machine Learning' (2024), Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, 195, pp. 339–369
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Twomey, A.., 'A civil society perspective on anti-Traveller and anti-Roma hate: Connecting online to on the street' (2017), in A. Haynes, J. Schweppe, & S. Taylor (Eds.), Critical perspectives on hate crime (pp.355-366). London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan
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Twomey, A., 'Laws against incitement to racial hatred in the United Kingdom' (1994), Australian Journal of Human Rights, 1(1), pp.235-248
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Tworek, H.J.S., 'Fighting Hate with Speech Law: Media and German Visions of Democracy' (2021), Journal of Holocaust Research, 35(2), pp. 106-122
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Tyagi, S., Varkonyi, A.R., Marta, T. & Szenasi, S., 'A Review on Emotion Based Harmful Speech Detection Using Machine Learning' (2022), IEEE Joint 22nd International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics and 8th International Conference on Recent Achievements in Mechatronics, Automation, Computer Science and Robotics, CINTI-MACRo 2022 – Proceedings, pp. 17-24
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Tyagi, V. & Jain, S., 'Methods and Datasets for Detecting Hate Speech in Textual Content' (2024), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 958 LNNS, pp. 449–455
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Tyner, J.A., 'Hate-crimes as racial violence: A critique of the exceptional' (2016), Social and Cultural Geography, pp.1-19
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Tynes, B.M., Lozada, F.T., Smith, N.A. & Stewart, A.M., 'From racial microaggressions to hate crimes: A model of online racism based on the lived experiences of adolescents of color' (2018), Tynes, B.M., Lozada, F.T., Smith, N.A. & Stewart, A.M., From racial microaggressions to hate crimes: A model of online racism based on the lived experiences of adolescents of color (2018), Microaggression Theory: Influence and Implications, pp. 194-212
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Tynes, B.M., Rose, C.A., Hiss, S., Umana-Taylor, A.J., Mitchell, K. & Williams, D., 'Virtual environments, online racial discrimination, and adjustment among a diverse, school-based sample of adolescents' (2014), International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations, 6(3), pp.1-16
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Tyson, J., 'Levelling the playing field' (2015)
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Tyson, J., 'Stressors or facilitators? Exploring the factors that impact police officers’ abilities to respond to disablist hate crime' (2022), Policing [online]
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Tyson, J. & Hall, N., 'Medicalising ‘hatred’: Exploring the sense and sensitivities of classifying the motivations for hate crime as mental disorder (Book Chapter)' (2016), in Winstone, J. (ed.) Mental Health, Crime and Criminal Justice: Responses and Reforms (2016), pp.91-108. Palgrave Macmillan.
Tyson, J. & Hall, N., 'Medicalising hatred?: Exploring the sense and sensitivities of classifying prejudice and bigotry as mental disorders in hate crime perpetrators' (2015), in Winstone, J. (ed.), Mental Health, Crime and Criminal Justice. Palgrave Macmillan.
Tyson, J., Giannasi, P. & Hall, N., 'Johnny come lately?: The international and domestic policy context of disability hate crime' (2014), in Shah, R. & Giannasi, P. (eds.), Disability Hate Crime. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Tzioumis, K., 'Detecting discrimination: A dynamic perspective' (2015), Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society)
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U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, 'Poland 2014 human rights report' (2016), in Poland: Conditions, Issues, and Foreign Relations (pp.25-62)
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U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, 'Poland 2014 international religious freedom report' (2016), in Poland: Conditions, Issues, and Foreign Relations (pp.63-72)
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Udani, A., Manion, A. & Kimball, D., 'Your Typical Criminal: Why White Americans Hate Voter Fraud' (2024), Public Opinion Quarterly, 88(SI), pp. 757–780
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Udanor, C. & Anyanwu, C.C., 'Combating the Challenges of Social Media Hate Speech in a Polarized Society: A Twitter Ego Lexalytics Approach' (2019), Data Technologies and Applications, 53(4), pp. 501-527
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Udawatta, P., Udayangana, I., Gamage, C., Shekhar, R. & Ranathunga, S., 'Use of prompt-based learning for code-mixed and code-switched text classification' (2024), World Wide Web, 27(5), 63
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Udayan, J.D., Addanki, V., Moneesh, N., Pavan, G.S.R. & Srinivas, C.S., 'Unraveling Twitter Hate Speech: A Comparative Analysis Using LDA and QDA Techniques' (2025), Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 1273 LNEE, pp. 577–588
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Uddin, N. & Arif, D. (Eds.), 'Refugees and the Media: Local and Global Perspectives' (2024), Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
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Uhrich, C.L., 'Hate crime legislation: A policy analysis' (1999), Houston Law Review, 36(4), pp.1467-1529
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Ukah, A., 'Apocalyptic homophobia: Freedom of religious expression, hate speech, and the Pentecostal discourse on same-sex relations in Africa' (2021), Journal of Law and Religion, 36(1), pp. 72-91
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Ullmann, S. & Tomalin, M., 'Quarantining Online Hate Speech: Technical and Ethical Perspectives' (2019), Ethics and Information Technology [online]
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Ullmann, S. & Tomalin, M. (Eds.), 'Counterspeech: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Countering Dangerous Speech' (2023), London: Routledge
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Uluşan, O. & Özejder, İ., 'Faking the war: fake posts on Turkish social media during the Russia–Ukraine war' (2024), Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 891
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Umbreit, M. S., Lewis, T., & Burns, H., 'A community response to 9/11 hate crime: Restorative justice through dialogue' (2003), Contemporary Justice Review, 6(4), pp.383-391
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Umbreit, M.S., Coates, R.B., & Vos, B., 'The impact of victim-offender mediation: Two decades of research' (2001), Federal Probation, 65(3), pp.29-35
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Umbreit, M.S., Coates, R.B., & Vos, B., 'Community peacemaking project: Responding to hate crimes, hate incidents, intolerance, and violence through restorative justice dialogue' (2002), Minnesota: Center for Restorative Justice
UNESCO Chair in Human Rights and Public Authorities, '2020 Report on Hate Incidents in the Basque Country' (2021), UNESCO Chair in Human Rights and Public Authorities at University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
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UNESCO, OSCE & ODIHR, 'Addressing Anti-Semitism through education – Guidelines for policymakers' (2018)
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United Nations, 'International convention on the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination: Committee on the elimination of racial discrimination' (2005), 66th sess, 1685th and 1686th mtg, UN Doc CERD/C/AUS/CO/14
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University of Sarajevo, 'Conference proceedings: Conference on hate crimes in South-East Europe' (2017), Faculty of Criminal Justice, Criminology and Security Studies, 8 November 2016
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University of Western Sydney, 'Challenging racism: The Anti-Racism Research Project' (2011)
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Unlu, A. & Kotonen, T., 'Online polarization and identity politics: An analysis of Facebook discourse on Muslim and LGBTQ+ communities in Finland' (2024), Scandinavian Political Studies [online]
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Unlu, A. & Yilmaz, K., 'Online Terrorism Studies: Analysis of the Literature' (2022), Studies in Conflict and Terrorism [online]
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Unlu, A., Truong, S. & Kotonen, T., 'Mapping the terrain of hate: identifying and analyzing online communities and political parties engaged in hate speech against Muslims and LGBTQ+ communities' (2024), International Journal of Data Science and Analytics [online]
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Upadhyaya, A. & Chandra, J., 'Spotting Flares: The Vital Signs of the Viral Spread of Tweets Made During Communal Incidents' (2022), ACM Transactions on the Web, 16(4), 3550357
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Urbanik, M.-M., Maier, K., Tetrault, J.E.C. & Greene, C., 'Hate Crime and Class Vulnerability: A Case Study of White Nationalist Violence Against Unhoused Indigenous People' (2024), British Journal of Criminology, 64(4), pp. 863–880
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Uršič, E.D. & Jurak, A.P., 'Media Literacy, active citizenship and sustainable democracy: a case study of Slovenia' (2023), Politics in Central Europe, 19(s1), pp. 393–407
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Usman & Quadri, S.M.K., 'Encoder/Decoder Transformer-Based Framework to Detect Hate Speech from Tweets' (2023), in B. Alam & M. Alam (Eds.) Intelligent Data Analytics, IoT, and Blockchain (pp. 195–207), New York: Auerbach Publications
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Uszkiewicz, E., 'Anomalies in the application of law related to hate crimes' (2022), Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies [online]
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Utami, E., Rini, Iskandar, A.F. & Raharjo, S., 'Multi-Label Classification of Indonesian Hate Speech Detection Using One-vs-All Method' (2021), Proceedings - 2021 IEEE 5th International Conference on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering: Applying Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Global Challenges During Pandemic Era, ICITISEE 2021, pp. 78-82
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