Publications
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Bills, M.A. & Vaughn, M.S., 'A Contemporary Review of Hate Crime Legislation in the United States' (2022), Criminal Justice Policy Review [online]
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Bindra, M., Sharma, B. & Bansal, N., 'Detecting Hate Speech and Offensive Language Using Transformer Techniques' (2022), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 373, pp. 703-715
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Binny, M., 'Tracing the Contours of Hate Speech in India in the Pandemic Year: The Curious Case of Online Hate Speech against Muslims and Dalits During the Pandemic' (2022), Contemporary Voice of Dalit [online]
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Biondi, G., Franzoni, V., Mancinelli, A., Milani, A. & Niyogi, R., 'Hate Speech and Stereotypes with Artificial Neural Networks' (2022), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13379 LNCS, pp. 15-32
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Biradar, S., Saumya, S. & Chauhan, A., 'Fighting hate speech from bilingual Hinglish speaker’s perspective, a transformer- and translation-based approach' (2022), Social Network Analysis and Mining, 12(1), 87
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Biradar, S., Saumya, S. & Chauhan, A., 'Faux Hate: unravelling the web of fake narratives in spreading hateful stories: a multi-label and multi-class dataset in cross-lingual Hindi-English code-mixed text' (2024), Language Resources and Evaluation [online]
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Biradar, S., Saumya, S. & Chauhan, A., 'Hate or Non-hate: Translation based hate speech identification in Code-Mixed Hinglish data set' (2021), Proceedings - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Big Data 2021, pp. 2470-2475
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Birch, P., McNeill, K., Levtova, Y. & Ireland, J.L., 'Policing Hate Crime: Exploring the Issue with a Cohort of Sworn Police Officers' (2024), Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology [online]
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Bird, G. (ed.), 'Racial harassment' (1992), National Centre for Crosscultural Studies in Law, Monash University
Birk, M., Gill, H. & Heer, K., 'De-Islamizing Sikhaphobia: Deconstructing structural racism in Wisconsin gurdwara shooting 10/12' (2015), Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 10(2), pp.97-106
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Birken, L., 'Homosexuality and totalitarianism' (1997), Journal of Homosexuality, 33(1), pp.1-16
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Birkett, M. & Espelage, D.L., 'Homophobic name-calling, peer-groups, and masculinity: The socialization of homophobic behavior in adolescents' (2015), Social Development, 24(1), pp.184-205
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Birkett, M., Newcomb, M.E. & Mustanski, B., 'Does it get better? a longitudinal analysis of psychological distress and victimization in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth' (2015), Journal of Adolescent Health, 56(3), pp.280-285
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Bischoff, P., 'Inside a Facebook bot farm that pumps out 200k+ political posts per month' (2021), Comparitech Blog (10 May 2021)
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Bisconti, E. & Montagnani, M., 'Montanti @ HaSpeeDe2 EVALITA 2020: Hate speech detection in online contents' (2020), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2765
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Bjork-James, S. & Barla, J., 'A Climate of Misogyny: Gender, Politics of Ignorance, and Climate Change Denial–An Interview with Katharine Hayhoe' (2022), Australian Feminist Studies [online]
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Bjørgo, T. & Aasland Ravndal, J., 'Extreme-Right Violence and Terrorism: Concepts, Patterns, and Response' (2019), ICCT Policy Brief, September 2019
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Bjørgo, T. & Mareš, M., 'Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities' (2019), Abingdon: Routledge
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Bjørgo, T. & Silkoset, E., 'Threats and threatening approaches to politicians: A survey of Norwegian parliamentarians and cabinet ministers' (2018), Oslo: Norwegian Police University College. PHS Forskning, 2018(5)
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Bjørgo, T., Jupskås, A.R., Thomassen, G. & Strype, J., 'Patterns and Consequences of Threats Towards Politicians: Results from Surveys of National and Local Politicians in Norway' (2022), Perspectives on Terrorism, 16(6), pp. 100-119
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Black, J., Fletcher, T., Doidge, M., Kearns, C., Kilvington, D., Liston, K., Lynn, T., Rosati, P. & Sinclair, G., '“Let the tournament for the woke begin!”: Euro 2020 and the reproduction of Cultural Marxist conspiracies in online criticisms of the “take the knee” protest' (2023), Ethnic and Racial Studies [online]
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Blackwell, C.W., 'Belief in the ‘free choice’ model of homosexuality: A correlate of homophobia in registered nurses' (2008), Journal of LGBT Health Research, 3(3), pp.31-40
Bladini, M., 'Silenced Voices: Online Violence Targeting Women as a Threat to Democracy' (2020), Nordic Journal on Law and Society (Special Issue: Exploiting Justice in a Transformative Swedish Society), 3(2), pp. 1-42
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Blair Woods, J. & Herman J.L., 'Anti-transgender hate crime' (2014), in Hall, N., Corb, A., Giannasi, P. & Grieve, J. (eds.) (2014) The Routledge International Handbook on Hate Crime. London: Routledge
Blaisdell, B., 'Schools as racial spaces: Understanding and resisting structural racism' (2015), International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education
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Blake, M., 'Geeks and monsters: Bias crimes and social identity' (2001), Law and Philosophy, 20(2), pp.121-139
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Blanco-Alfonso, I., Rodríguez-Fernández, L. & Arce-García, S., 'Polarization and hate speech with gender bias associated with politics: analysis of interactions on Twitter | [Polarización y discurso de odio con sesgo de género asociado a la política: análisis de las interacciones en Twitter]' (2022), Revista de Comunicacion, 21(2), pp. 33-50
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Blanco-Castilla, E., Fernández-Torres, M.-J. & Cano-Galindo, J., 'Disinformation and hate speech toward female sports journalists' (2022), Profesional de la Informacion, 31(6), e310613
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Blanco-Herrero, D. & Calderón, C.A., 'Spread and Reception of Fake News Promoting Hate Speech Against Migrants and Refugees in Social Media: Research Plan for the Doctoral Programme Education in the Knowledge Society' (2019), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 949-955
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Blanco-Herrero, D. & Sánchez-Holgado, P., 'Fake news and hate speech: Who is to blame?: Study of the perceptions of Spanish citizens about the actors responsible for the production and spread of fake news and hate speech' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 448-451
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Blanco‐Herrero, D., Splendore, S. & Alonso, M.O., 'Southern European Journalists’ Perceptions of Discursive Menaces in the Age of (Online) Delegitimization' (2023), Politics and Governance, 11(2), pp. 210-220
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Blanuša, N. & Kulenović, E., 'Hate speech, contentious symbols and politics of memory: Survey research on Croatian citizens’ attitudes' (2018), Politicka Misao, 55(4), pp. 176-202
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Blaya, C., 'Cyberhate: A review and content analysis of intervention strategies' (2018), Aggression and Violent Behavior [online], pp. 1-10
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Blazak, R., 'Revisiting the White Boys From Portland to Ukraine: Anomie and Right-Wing Extremism' (2022), American Behavioral Scientist [online]
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Blazak, R., 'Isn’t every crime a hate crime?: The case for hate crime laws' (2011), Sociology Compass, 5(4), pp.244-255
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Bledsoe, T.S. & Pacino, M.A., 'One community’s answer to hate' (2013), International Journal of Community Diversity, 12(2), pp.17-23
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Blee, K., 'Positioning hate' (2004), Journal of Hate Studies, 3(1), pp. 95-105
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Blee, K.M., 'Racial violence in the United States' (2005), Ethnic and Racial Studies, 28(4), pp.499-619
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Blee, K.M., 'The microdynamics of hate violence: Interpretive analysis and implications for responses' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.258-270
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Bleich, E., 'The rise of hate speech and hate crime laws in liberal democracies' (2011), Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 37(6), pp.917-934
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Bleich, E., 'Hate crime policy in western Europe – Responding to racist violence in Britain, Germany, and France' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.149-165
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Bleich, E., 'From race to hate: A historical perspective' (2018), in T. Brudholm & B. Schepelern Johansen (Eds), Hate, politics, law: Critical perspectives on combating hate (Chapter 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press
Bleich, E., 'Hate crime policy in Western Europe: Responding to racist violence in Britain, Germany, and France' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.149-165
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Bleich, E. & Hart, R.K., 'Quantifying hate: The evolution of German approaches to measuring ‘hate crime’' (2008), German Politics, 17(1), pp.63-80
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Bleich, E. & Lambert, F., 'Why are racist associations free in some states and banned in others? Evidence from 10 liberal democracies' (2013), West European Politics, 36(1), pp.122-149
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Blitzer, J., 'Toward an interdisciplinary field of hate studies: Developing a framework' (2005), Journal of Hate Studies, 4(1), pp. 139-149
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Blondeel, K., de Vasconcelos, S., García-Moreno, C., Stephenson, R., Temmerman, M. & Toskin, I., 'Violence motivated by perception of sexual orientation and gender identity: A systematic review' (2018), Bull World Health Organ, 96, pp.29–41
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Bloodsworth-Lugo, M.K. & Lugo-Lugo, C.R., 'The medicalisation of threats, immigration as contagion, and White supremacy in an age of terror' (2022), Critical Studies on Terrorism [online]
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Blosnich, J.R., Marsiglio, M.C., Gao, S., Gordon, A.J., Shipherd, J.C., Kauth, M., Brown, G.R. & Fine, M.J., 'Mental health of transgender veterans in US States with and without discrimination and hate crime legal protection' (2016), American Journal of Public Health, 106(3), pp.534-540
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Bobako, M., 'Semi-peripheral Islamophobias: The political diversity of anti-Muslim discourses in Poland' (2018), Patterns of Prejudice [online]
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