Publications
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Lawrence, F.M., 'The evolving federal role in bias crime law enforcement and the Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2007' (2008), Stanford Law & Policy Review, 19(2), pp.251-282
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Lawrence, C., 'Sacred selfish: Effects of the rise of fear' (2007), Summer Impact 15
Lawrence, F.M., 'The hate crime project and its limitations: Evaluating the societal gains and risk in bias crime law enforcement' (2007), Social Consciousness in Legal Decision Making, pp.209-226
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Layug, A., Krishnamurthy, S., McKenzie, R. & Feng, B., 'The Impacts of Social Media Use and Online Racial Discrimination on Asian American Mental Health: Cross-sectional Survey in the United States During COVID-19' (2022), JMIR Formative Research, 6(9), e38589
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Lazaridis, G. & Tsagkroni, V., 'Posing for legitimacy? Identity and praxis of far-right populism in Greece' (2016), in G. Lazaridis, G. Campani & A. Benveniste (Eds.), The Rise of the Far Right in Europe (pp.201-237). London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan
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Lazaridis, G. & Tsagkroni, V., 'Majority identitarian populism in Britain' (2016), in G. Lazaridis, G. Campani & A. Benveniste (Eds.), The rise of the Far Right in Europe (pp.239-272). London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan
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Lazaridis, G. & Veikou, M., 'The rise of the far right in Greece and opposition to ‘othering’, hate speech, and crime by civil and civic organizations' (2016), Journal of Civil Society, pp.1-17
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Lazzardi, S., Patti, V. & Rosso, P., 'Categorizing misogynistic behaviours in Italian, English and Spanish tweets | [Categorización de comportamientos misóginos en tweets en Italiano, Inglés y Español' (2021), Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural, 66, pp. 65-76
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lbertín Carbó, P., Langarita Adiego, J.A. & Grau, J.M., 'Anti-Lgtbi+ Hate Crimes. Opportunities, Limits and Challenges in the Criminal Justice System | [DELITOS DE ODIO ANTI-LGTBI+. OPORTUNIDADES, LÍMITES Y DESAFÍOS EN EL SISTEMA PENAL]' (2022), Revista Espanola de Investigacion Criminologica, 20(2)
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Le, T., Ye, Y., Hu, Y. & Lee, D., 'CrypText: Database and Interactive Toolkit of Human-Written Text Perturbations in the Wild' (2023), Proceedings - International Conference on Data Engineering, 2023, pp. 3639–3642
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Le-Hong, P., 'Diacritics generation and application in hate speech detection on Vietnamese social networks' (2021), Knowledge-Based Systems, 233, 107504
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Leach, T., 'Sexuality and transgender discrimination' (1996), HIV/AIDS Legal Link, 7(1), 26
Leader, T., Mullen, B. & Rice, D., 'Complexity and valence in Ethnophaulisms and exclusion of ethnic out-groups: What puts the “hate” into hate speech?' (2009), Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(1), pp.170-182
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Leander, N.P., Kreienkamp, J., Agostini, M., Stroebe, W., Gordijn, E.H. & Kruglanski, A.W., 'Biased Hate Crime Perceptions Can Reveal Supremacist Sympathies' (2020), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(32), pp. 19072-19079
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Leath, S., Scott, E.D., Rivens, A., Jones, M.K. & Koroma, N., '“We Need to See Action”: An Institutional Case Study of the Summer of Hate and Black Student Resistance' (2022), Journal of Diversity in Higher Education [online]
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Leburu-Dingalo, T., Ntwaagae, K.J., Motlogelwa, N.P., Thuma, E. & Mudongo, M., 'Application of XLM-RoBERTa for Multi-Class Classification of Conversational Hate Speech' (2022), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 3395, pp. 590-595
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Lee, J., 'Asian Americans, affirmative action & the rise in anti-Asian hate' (2021), Daedalus, 150(2), pp. 180-198
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Lee, S., 'Asian critical theory in understanding the women victims of anti-Asian hate crimes' (2022), International Social Work [online]
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Lee, H., 'Relentless villains or fervent netizens?: The alt-right community in Korea, Ilbe' (2021), Internet Histories [online]
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Lee, Kristi, 'Hate Crimes and Their Impact on Mental Health for Targeted Individuals and Communities.' (2020)
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Lee Badgett, M.V., 'The wage effects of sexual orientation discrimination' (1995), Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 48(4), pp.726-739
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Lee, B.A. & Schreck, C.J., 'Danger on the streets: Marginality and victimization among homeless people' (2005), American Behavioral Scientist, 48(8), pp.1055-1081
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Lee, C., 'COVID-19 conspiracy theories as affective discourse' (2022), in M. Demata, V. Zorzi & A. Zottola (Eds.) Conspiracy Theory Discourses (Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture, 98) (pp. 215-238), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing
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Lee, C.A. & Arroyo, J.C., 'A Typology of Local and State Government Responses to Racism: A Case of Anti-Asian Hate in the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2022), Journal of Planning Education and Research [online]
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Lee, C.S. & Jang, A., 'Questing for Justice on Twitter: Topic Modeling of #StopAsianHate Discourses in the Wake of Atlanta Shooting' (2021), Crime and Delinquency [online]
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Lee, C.S. & Jang, A., 'Examining #StopAsianHate discourse on Twitter using framing and thematic analyses: Focusing on motivational framing with express behaviour upon the 2021 Atlanta shootings' (2024), Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 34(2), e2779
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Lee, C.S., Lee, H. & Park, I., 'Finding ‘Home’ and Navigating ‘Cultural Precarity’: Grey Areas Between Racism and ‘Hate Crime’ Victimization Among Korean Businesses' (2024), Sociological Inquiry [online]
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Lee, E. & Johnstone, M., 'Lest We Forget: Politics of Multiculturalism in Canada Revisited during COVID-19' (2021), Critical Sociology [online]
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Lee, E., Rustam, F., Washington, P.B., Barakaz, F.E., Aljedaani, W. & Ashraf, I., 'Racism Detection by Analyzing Differential Opinions Through Sentiment Analysis of Tweets Using Stacked Ensemble GCR-NN Mode' (2022), IEEE Access, 10, pp. 9717-9728
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Lee, J.J. & Lee, J., '#StopAsianHate on TikTok: Asian/American Women’s Space-Making for Spearheading Counter-Narratives and Forming an Ad Hoc Asian Community' (2023), Social Media and Society, 9(1)
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Lee, J.J., Leyva Vera, C.A., Ramirez, J.I., Munguia, L., Aguirre Herrera, J., Basualdo, G., Small, L. & Robles, G., '‘They already hate us for being immigrants and now for being trans—we have double the fight’: A qualitative study of barriers to health access among transgender Latinx immigrants in the United States' (2022), Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health [online]
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Lee, K. & Ram, S., 'PERSONA: Personality-based deep learning for detecting hate speech' (2020), International Conference on Information Systems, ICIS 2020 - Making Digital Inclusive: Blending the Local and the Global
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Lee, M., Park, I.Y., Park, M., Tran, P.K., Cozier, Y.C. & Hahm, H.C., 'COVID-19-Related Racial Discrimination during Lockdown and Its Impact on Asian American Women' (2023), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(16), 6546
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Lee, N., Jung, C. & Oh, A., 'Hate Speech Classifiers are Culturally Insensitive' (2023), Cross-Cultural Considerations in NLP at EACL, C3NLP 2023 - Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 35–46
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Lee, R.K.-W., Cao, R., Fan, Z., Jiang, J. & Chong, W.-H., 'Disentangling Hate in Online Memes' (2021), MM 2021 - Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 5138-5147
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Lee, S., 'Willingness to cooperate with police in hate crime cases: the impact of police legitimacy, police encounters and race/ethnicity' (2024), Policing [online]
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Lee, S., 'Older Asian Adults with Limited English Proficiency and Racism Through the Lens of Asian Human Service Workers' (2023), Journal of Gerontological Social Work [online]
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Lee, S. & Gilliland, A., 'Evolving Definitions of Hate Speech: The Impact of a Lack of Standardized Definitions' (2024), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries LecturNotes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 14597 LNCS, pp. 141–156
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Lee, S. & Waters, S.F., 'Asians and Asian Americans’ experiences of racial discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts on health outcomes and the buffering role of social support' (2021), Stigma and Health, 6(1), pp. 70-78
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Lee, S., Choi, J. & Ahn, C., 'Hate prompts participation: Examining the dynamic relationship between affective polarization and political participation' (2023), New Media and Society [online]
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Lee, S., Jung, D., Park, C., Lee, S. & Lim, H., 'Alternative Speech: Complementary Method to Counter-Narrative for Better Discourse' (2023), IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops, ICDMW, pp. 1438–1442
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Lee, Y., Vue, S., Seklecki, R. & Ma, Y., 'How did Asian Americans respond to negative stereotypes and hate crimes?' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.271-293
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Lee, Y.J., Lau, S.B., Bersamira, C.S. & Yamauchi, J., 'Anti-Asian Racism and COVID-19 Impact on Older Adults: The Voices of Social Workers' (2023), Journal of Gerontological Social Work [online]
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Lee-Won, R.J., White, T.N., Song, H., Lee, J.Y. & Smith, M.R., '‘Source magnification of cyberhate: affective and cognitive effects of multiple-source hate messages on target group members’' (2019), Media Psychology [online]
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Leekha, R., Simek, O. & Dagli, C., 'War of Words: Harnessing the Potential of Large Language Models and Retrieval Augmented Generation to Classify, Counter and Diffuse Hate Speech' (2024), Proceedings of the International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, FLAIRS, 37
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Leets, L., 'Experiencing hate speech: Perceptions and responses to Anti-Semitism and Antigay speech' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.341-361
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Legal and Constitutional Legislation Committee, Parliament of Australia - Senate, 'Canberra Racial Hatred Bill 1994 report' (1995)
Legg, S. & Citizens, N., '‘No Place for Hate’: Community-Led Research and the Geographies of Nottingham Citizens’ Hate Crime Commission' (2019), Social and Cultural Geography [online]
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Lehman, B., '‘Stopping the Hate: Applying Insights on Bullying Victimization to Understand and Reduce the Emergence of Hate in Schools’' (2019), Sociological Inquiry [online]
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Lemke, R., 'Opposing, Denouncing, Insulting: Sexuality-Related Dynamics of Opinion on the Internet [Ablehnen, Anprangern, Beleidigen: Sexualitätsbezogene Meinungsdynamiken im Internet]' (2022), Zeitschrift fur Sexualforschung, 35(4), pp. 221-228
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