Publications: Cyber hate (online hate crime)
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Kurniawan, S. & Budi, I., 'Indonesian Tweets hate speech target classification using machine learning' (2020), 2020 5th International Conference on Informatics and Computing, ICIC 2020, 9288515
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Kuruvilla, S.M., Fathima, S., Suryalekshmi, S., Saju, V.M. & Pattani, R.V., 'Hate Speech Detection in Social Media Using BiLSTM' (2024), ICACC - International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communications, 2024
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Kushneruk, S.L., 'Xenophobia as Factor of Ideological World-Modeling in Digital Communication | Ксенофобия как фактор идеологического миромоделирования в цифровой коммуникации' (2023), Journal of Siberian Federal University - Humanities and Social Sciences, 2023, 16(6), pp. 871–883
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Kusuma, J.F. & Chowanda, A., 'Indonesian Hate Speech Detection Using IndoBERTweet and BiLSTM on Twitter' (2023), International Journal on Informatics Visualization, 7(3), pp. 773–780
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Kwarteng, J., Burel, G., Third, A., Farrell, T. & Fernandez, M., 'Understanding Misogynoir: A Study of Annotators’ Perspectives' (2023), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 271-282
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Kwarteng, J., Perfumi, S.C., Farrell, T. & Fernandez, M., 'Misogynoir: Public online response towards self-reported misogynoir' (2021), Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, ASONAM 2021, pp. 228-235
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Kwarteng, J., Perfumi, S.C., Farrell, T., Third, A. & Fernandez, M., 'Misogynoir: challenges in detecting intersectional hate' (2022), Social Network Analysis and Mining, 12(1), 166
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Kwon, K.H., Chadha, M. & Wang, F., 'Proximity and networked news public: Structural topic modeling of global Twitter conversations about the 2017 Quebec mosque shooting' (2019), International Journal of Communication, 13, pp. 2652-2675
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Kwon, Y. & Hong, S., 'The fall and rise of Iruda: Reassembling AI through ethics-in-action' (2025), Social Studies of Science, 03063127251360397
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Kyaw, N.A., Thu, Y.K., Oo, T.M., Chanlekha, H., Okumura, M. & Supnithi, T., 'Enhancing Hate Speech Classification in Myanmar Language through Lexicon-Based Filtering' (2024), Proceedings - 21st International Joint Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, JCSSE 2024, pp. 316–323
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Kyrollos, D.G. & Green, J.R., 'MetaHate: A Meta-Model for Hate Speech Detection' (2021), Proceedings - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Big Data 2021, pp. 2496-2502
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Kyslova, O., Kuzina, I. & Dyrda, I., 'Hate speech against the Roma minority on Ukrainian web space' (2020), Ideology and Politics Journal, 2(16), pp. 252-278
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Kyungsoo, L.E.E., 'Islamophobia Discourse via Online Rumors in Korea: Focusing on the Rumor “How Lebanon, which was a Christian Country, became an Islamic Country?” and the “Taharrush Game”' (2021), European Journal of Korean Studies, 21(1), pp. 291-322
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L. Imbwaga, J., B. Chittaragi, N. & G. Koolagudi, S., 'Hate Speech Detection in Audio Using SHAP – An Explainable AI' (2024), Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2091 CCIS, pp. 289–304
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Laaksonen, S.-M., Pääkkönen, J. & Öhman, E., 'From hate speech recognition to happiness indexing: Critical issues in datafication of emotion in text mining' (2023), in S. Lindgren (Ed.) Handbook of Critical Studies of Artificial Intelligence (pp. 631–641), Cheltenham, UK & Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing
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Labiano Juangarcía, R., Azurmendi Adarraga, A. & Novoa Jaso, M.F., 'The Constructive Role of the Media in Hate Speech Controversies: The Valtònyc and Hasél Cases' (2023), Journalism Practice [online]
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Lacalle, C., 'The Otherless Other: The Misogyny Passions of Spanish Manosphere | [The Otherless Other: Las Pasiones Misóginas De La Manosfera Española]' (2023), Signa, 32, pp. 41-53
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Lacalle, C., Gómez-Morales, B. & Vicent-Ibáñez, M., 'Misogyny and the construction of toxic masculinity in the Spanish Manosphere (Burbuja.info)' (2023), Profesional de la Informacion, 32(2), e320215
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Lacalle, C., Gómez-Morales, B., Vicent-Ibáñez, M. & Narvaiza, S., '‘Seals’, ‘bitches’, ‘vixens’, and other zoomorphic insults: the animalisation of women as an expression of misogyny in the Spanish Manosphere' (2024), Cogent Arts and Humanities, 11(1), 2298056
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Lacalle, C., Gómez-Morales, B., Vicent-Ibáñez, M. & Narvaiza, S., '“She Looks Like She’d Be a Filthy Pig in Bed”: Online Misogyny and Denigration of Women Politicians' (2025), Violence Against Women [online]
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Lacalle, C., Jiménez, V.M. & Hernández, D.E., 'The Anti-Feminism of The Spanish Radical-Right on Twitter Around 8m | [EL ANTIFEMINISMO DE LA ULTRADERECHA ESPAÑOLA EN TWITTER EN TORNO AL 8M]' (2023), Prisma Social, 40, pp. 358-376
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Lahby, M., Khan Pathan, A.-S., & Maleh, Y. (Eds.), 'Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence (1st ed.)' (2023), New York: Chapman and Hall/CRC
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Lai, M., Stranisci, M.A., Bosco, C., Damiano, R. & Patti, V., 'Analysing Moral Beliefs for Detecting Hate Speech Spreaders on Twitter' (2022), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 13390 LNCS, pp. 149-161
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Lakshmi, B.S., Shravya, T., Yaswitha, L., Shahin, S. & Vijayadeepa, V., 'Toxinet: A Deep Learning Framework for Online Comment Toxicity Detection' (2025), Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies, ICICT 2025, pp. 1281–1286
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Lal, R., 'QAnon Extremist Propaganda: Using the Internet to Spread Hate' (2024), in R.J. Chasdi & Y. Sharan (Eds.) Issues of Terrorism in the Post-Coronavirus Era (Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications series) (pp. 187–199), Cham: Springer
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Lala, C. & Dwivedi, P., 'Hate Speech Detection Network Using LSTM' (2023), 2023 International Conference for Advancement in Technology, ICONAT 2023
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Lam, M., 'Viral videos to combat viral vitriol: methodological considerations for ethical engagement' (2023), International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education [online]
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Lameiro, F., Dunagan, L., Card, D., Gilbert, E. & Haimson, O., 'TIDEs: A Transgender and Nonbinary Community-Labeled Dataset and Model for Transphobia Identification in Digital Environments' (2025), ACMF ACCT 2025, Proceedings of the 2025 ACM Conference on Fairness Accountability and Transparency, pp. 1411–1423
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Lammerts, P., Lippmann, P., Hsu, Y.-C., Casati, F. & Yang, J., 'How do you feel? Measuring User-Perceived Value for Rejecting Machine Decisions in Hate Speech Detection' (2023), AIES 2023 - Proceedings of the 2023 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society, pp. 834–844
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Lande, K., Ponnusamy, R., Kumaresan, P.K. & Chakravarthi, B.R., 'KaustubhSharedTask@LT-EDI 2023: Homophobia-Transphobia Detection in Social Media Comments with NLPAUG-driven Data Augmentation' (2023), LTEDI 2023 - 3rd Workshop on Language Technology for Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, associated with the 14th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2023 - Proceedings, pp. 71–77
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Lange, A., Mayerhofer, K., Porat, D. & Schiffman, L.H. (Eds.), 'Confronting antisemitism in modern media, the legal and political worlds (Volume 5 of An End to Antisemitism!)' (2021), Berlin: De Gruyter
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Last, M., 'Online Propaganda Detection' (2023), in L. Rokach, O. Maimon & E. Shmueli (Eds.) Machine Learning for Data Science Handbook: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, Third Edition (pp. 703–719), Cham: Springer
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Latorre, J.P. & Amores, J.J., 'Topic modelling of racist and xenophobic YouTube comments. Analyzing hate speech against migrants and refugees spread through YouTube in Spanish' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 456-460
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Laughlin, C., 'The paranoid infrastructural imaginary of alt-tech: understanding how the reactionary mind fuels digital fascism' (2025), Journal of Information Technology and Politics [online]
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Laurent, M., 'Project Hatemeter: Helping NGOs and Social Science Researchers to Analyze and Prevent Anti-Muslim Hate Speech on Social Media' (2020), Procedia Computer Science, 176, pp. 2143-2153
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Laurent, M., 'Hatemeter Project: Analysis of Hate Speech on Twitter a Join Effort of Computer Science, Humanities and Social Sciences' (2020), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2606, pp. 50-55
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Lautenbacher, J., Jahnke, S., Speer, D. & Beelmann, A., 'Evaluation of the web-based training “OHA—Online Hass Abbauen”—submodule offenses and violence | [Evaluation des webbasierten Trainings „OHA – Online Hass Abbauen“ – Teilmodul Straftaten und Gewalt]' (2021), Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 15(2), pp. 134-142
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Lavergne, E., Saini, R., Kovács, G. & Murphy, K., 'TheNorth @ HaSpeeDe 2: BERT-based language model fine-tuning for Italian hate speech detection' (2020), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2765
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Law Commission, 'Offensive and abusive online communications – Summary of scoping Report' (2018)
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Layug, A., Krishnamurthy, S., McKenzie, R. & Feng, B., 'The Impacts of Social Media Use and Online Racial Discrimination on Asian American Mental Health: Cross-sectional Survey in the United States During COVID-19' (2022), JMIR Formative Research, 6(9), e38589
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Lazo Vasquez, R. & Ochoa-Luna, J., 'Small Electra for Hate: A Transformer Lightweight Approach to Hate Text Classification' (2025), Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2496 CCIS, pp. 246–256
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Lazzardi, S., Patti, V. & Rosso, P., 'Categorizing misogynistic behaviours in Italian, English and Spanish tweets | [Categorización de comportamientos misóginos en tweets en Italiano, Inglés y Español' (2021), Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural, 66, pp. 65-76
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Le, T., Ye, Y., Hu, Y. & Lee, D., 'CrypText: Database and Interactive Toolkit of Human-Written Text Perturbations in the Wild' (2023), Proceedings - International Conference on Data Engineering, 2023, pp. 3639–3642
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Le-Hong, P., 'Diacritics generation and application in hate speech detection on Vietnamese social networks' (2021), Knowledge-Based Systems, 233, 107504
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Leburu-Dingalo, T., Ntwaagae, K.J., Motlogelwa, N.P., Thuma, E. & Mudongo, M., 'Application of XLM-RoBERTa for Multi-Class Classification of Conversational Hate Speech' (2022), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 3395, pp. 590-595
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Lee, H., 'Relentless villains or fervent netizens?: The alt-right community in Korea, Ilbe' (2021), Internet Histories [online]
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Lee, C., 'COVID-19 conspiracy theories as affective discourse' (2022), in M. Demata, V. Zorzi & A. Zottola (Eds.) Conspiracy Theory Discourses (Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture, 98) (pp. 215-238), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing
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Lee, C.S. & Jang, A., 'Questing for Justice on Twitter: Topic Modeling of #StopAsianHate Discourses in the Wake of Atlanta Shooting' (2021), Crime and Delinquency [online]
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Lee, C.S. & Jang, A., 'Examining #StopAsianHate discourse on Twitter using framing and thematic analyses: Focusing on motivational framing with express behaviour upon the 2021 Atlanta shootings' (2024), Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 34(2), e2779
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Lee, E., Rustam, F., Washington, P.B., Barakaz, F.E., Aljedaani, W. & Ashraf, I., 'Racism Detection by Analyzing Differential Opinions Through Sentiment Analysis of Tweets Using Stacked Ensemble GCR-NN Mode' (2022), IEEE Access, 10, pp. 9717-9728
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