Publications: Hate crime models
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Eckes, C. & Geschke, D., 'Hasskriminalität Als Botschaftstat. Angriffe Aufgrund Der Gruppenzugehörigkeit. [Hate Crime as Message Crime. Attacks Because of Group Membership.]' (2019), Factsheet des IDZ [online]
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Edwards, C., 'Pathologising the victim: Law and the construction of people with disabilities as victims of crime in Ireland' (2014), Disability & Society, 29(5), pp.685-698
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Eisenberg, A., 'A Trauma-Centered Approach to Addressing Hate Crimes' (2022), Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 112(4),2, pp. 729-748
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Ekman, M., 'A relational approach to digital racism: Toward a theoretical model' (2024), First Monday, 29(8)
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ElTohamy, A., Hyun, S., Rastogi, R., Wong, G.T.F., Kim, G.S., Chae, D.H., Hahm, H. & Liu, C.H., 'Effect of Vicarious Discrimination on Race-Based Stress Symptoms Among Asian American Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic' (2023), Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy [online]
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Enli, G., 'Populism as “Truth”: How Mediated Authenticity Strengthens the Populist Message' (2024), International Journal of Press/Politics [online]
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Enock, F.E. & Over, H., 'Animalistic slurs increase harm by changing perceptions of social desirability' (2023), Royal Society Open Science, 10(7), 230203
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Entorf, H. & Lange, M., 'Refugees welcome? Understanding the regional heterogeneity of anti-refugee hate crime' (2023), Regional Science and Urban Economics, 101, 103913
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Erentzen, C. & Schuller, R.A., 'Prototypes of Hate and Expectations of the Model Victim' (2024), Journal of Interpersonal Violence [online]
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Escobar-Lamanna, J.C., '“You’ve Got to Put in the Time”: Neoliberal-Ableism and Disabled Streamers on Twitch' (2024), Societies, 14(6), 75
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Esparza, M.S., Diéguez, I.V. & Arribas, D.M., 'The Semiotics of Hate in Hoaxes about Immigrants Detected by Fact-Checking Platforms in Spain, Greece, and Italy | A semiótica do ódio em boatos sobre migrantes detectados por plataformas de verificação de fatos na Espanha, Grécia e Itália' (2024), Icono14, 22(1), e2083
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Estacio, A.M.Y., 'The “newest ‘yellow peril’”: How American legal history shaped the rise in Asian American hate crimes in the covid-19 pandemic' (2023), Denver Law Review, 100(1), pp. 305–323
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Evans, J.V., Steinberg, S., Clement, D.Y. & Carron, D., 'Settler Colonialism, Illiberal Memory, and German-Canadian Hate Networks in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries' (2023), Central European History [online]
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Evans, P., 'Football and Homosexually Themed Banter: The Disconnect between Positive Social Attitudes toward Gay People and the Use of Homophobic Language' (2024), International Journal of Sport and Society, 15(1), pp. 95–122
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Evans, P., 'English Soccer, Homophobia, Elitist Cascades, and Social Conformity' (2025), International Journal of Sport and Society, 16(3), pp. 47–69
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Fakuade, D., 'Far-Right Movements in the COVID-19 Era' (2023), in E. Akıllı, B. Güneş & A. Gökbel (Eds.) Diplomacy, Society and the COVID-19 Challenge (pp. 29–38), London: Routledge
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Fang, K., '“I See You”: Racialized Surveillance and Asian American Invisibility' (2022), Prism, 19(1), pp. 181-192
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Fang, L., Lee, E., Chan, K, Al-Raes, M. & Nuesca, E., '“It Goes under the Radar!”: In/Visibility of Anti-Asian Racism from a Canadian Youth Perspective' (2023), Youth and Society [online]
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Farr, P., 'Becoming again a war machine: Deleuze and Guattari’s theory of state violence applied to hate crime and domestic violence' (2024), Subjectivity [online]
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Farrand, B., '‘Is This a Hate Speech?’ The Difficulty in Combating Radicalisation in Coded Communications on Social media Platforms' (2023), European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research [online]
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Farris, E.M. & Holman, M.R., 'Local Gun Safety Enforcement, Sheriffs, and Right-Wing Political Extremism' (2023), Urban Affairs Review [online]
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Faust, F., Grimm, C., Binder, B., Geeraert, J. & Sekuler, T., 'Crimscapes: Cultural Anthropological Perspectives on the Politics of Criminalisation | Crimscapes: Kulturanthropologische Perspektiven auf Politiken der Kriminalisierung' (2024), Zeitschrift fur Empirische Kulturwissenschaft, 120(2), pp. 217–241
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Fenton, J. & Smith, M., 'Sticks and stones: the idea that words cause harm and the implications of this for higher education' (2025), Journal of Further and Higher Education [online]
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Fenton, J. & Smith, M., 'Sticks and stones: the idea that words cause harm and the implications of this for higher education' (2025), Journal of Further and Higher Education, 49(4), pp. 511–523
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Fernandez, F., Mason, S., Chavira, G., Kwan, P., Saetermoe, C. & Sharp, S., 'Examining a Critical Race Theory-Informed Undergraduate Research Experience: Proposing a Conceptual Model of the Benefits of Anti-Racist Programs on Student Development' (2024), Innovative Higher Education [online]
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Ferran, Í.V., 'Degradation, feeling of self-worth, and hate | [Herabsetzung, Selbstwertgefühl und Hass]' (2021), Deutsche Zeitschrift fur Philosophie, 69(3), pp. 409-421
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Fishbein, H.D., 'The genetic/evolutionary basis of prejudice and hatred' (2004), Journal of Hate Studies, 3(1), pp. 113-119
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Fokou, G., Yamo, A., Kone, S., Koffi, A.J.D. & Davids, Y.D., 'Xenophobic violence in South Africa, online disinformation and offline consequences' (2022), African Identities [online]
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Fonseca, A., Pontes, C., Moro, S., Batista, F., Ribeiro, R., Guerra, P., Marques, C. & Silva, C., 'Analyzing hate speech dynamics on Twitter/X: Insights from conversational data and the impact of user interaction patterns' (2024), Heliyon, 10(11), e32246
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Ford, C.L., Amani, B., Harawa, N.T., Akee, R., Gee, G.C., Sarrafzadeh, M., Abotsi-Kowu, C., Fazeli, S., Le, C., Nwankwo, E., Zamanzadeh, D., Ovalle, A. & Ponder, M.L., 'Adequacy of existing surveillance systems to monitor racism, social stigma and covid inequities: A detailed assessment and recommendations' (2021), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13099
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Fouka, V. & Tabellini, M.A.R.C.O., 'Changing In-Group Boundaries: The Effect of Immigration on Race Relations in the United States' (2021), American Political Science Review [online]
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Fox, J., 'Do Religion Clauses in Constitutions Predict Government-Based Discrimination against Religious Minorities?' (2023), Religions, 14(1), 92
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Fox, R., 'Gays Against Groomers and the politics of digital ventriloquism' (2024), Critical Studies in Media Communication [online]
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Fraser, R., 'How to talk back *' (2023), Politics, Philosophy and Economics [online]
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Freilich, J.D., Bejan, V., Parkin, W.S., Chermak, S.M. & Gruenewald, J., 'An Intervention Analysis of Fatal Far-Right Extremist Violence Within a Vector-Autoregressive Framework' (2019), Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict: Pathways toward Terrorism and Genocide [online]
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Frick, M.-L., 'Essentials of a democratic ethics of free (counter)speech | [Grundzüge einer demokratischen Ethik der freien (Wider-)Rede]' (2023), Zeitschrift fur Praktische Philosophie, 9(2), pp. 253-276
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Fuchs, S., 'Truth clashes: caste atrocities, false cases, and the limits of hate crime law in North India' (2024), Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute [online]
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Fuchs, S.I., 'Symbiotic Justice: Hate Crimes, Police Humiliation, and Layered Legal Consciousness in Dalit Human Rights' (2024), Social and Legal Studies [online]
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Fuentes, A.S., 'Awakening Hate, Perpetuating Oppressions: The Influence Of Mass Media In Criminal Politics About Gender Based Violences | [Despertando Odios, Perpetuando Opresiones: La Influencia De Los Medios De Comunicación En La Política Criminal De Las Violencias De Género]' (2022), Asparkia, (40), pp. 261-280
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Fuks, M., Ribeiro, E. & Casalecchi, G.A., 'Is Tolerance the Defining Trait of the Democratic Citizen? Political Tolerance in post-2022 Brazilian Elections | La Tolérance Serait-elle la Marque Distincte du Citoyen Démocratique? Tolerance Politique au Brésil après les Élections de 2022' (2025), Dados, 68(3), e20240016
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Fussi, A., 'Anger, hatred, prejudice. An Aristotelian perspective' (2022), in A. Bortolan & E. Magrì (Eds.) Empathy, Intersubjectivity, and the Social World: The Continued Relevance of Phenomenology. Essays in Honour of Dermot Moran (pp. 389-411), Berlin: De Gruyter
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Gabatz, C., 'The rhetorical contours, appeals to ignorance, resentments, messianisms and conspiracies in Bolsonarist disruptive governance │ Os contornos retóricos, apelos à ignorância, ressentimentos, messianismos e conspirações na governança disruptiva Bolsonarista' (2023), Projeto Historia, 76, pp. 174–195
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Gaïni, S.M., 'Universities and other institutions – not hate speech laws – are a threat to freedom of political speech' (2022), Etikk i Praksis, 16(1), pp. 5-19
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Gaïni, S.M., 'Democratic Formation as the Response to a Growing Cancel Culture' (2023), Athena, 3(1), pp. 47-73
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Gaïni, S.M., 'The Individual Consequences of Hate Speech: A Comparison of Defamation and Hate Speech/Group Libel' (2022), Sofia Philosophical Review, 15(1)
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Galam, S., 'Unanimity, Coexistence, and Rigidity: Three Sides of Polarization' (2023), Entropy, 25(4), 622
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Gale, L.R., Carrington Heath, W. & Ressler, R.W., 'An economic analysis of hate crime' (2002), Eastern Economic Journal, 28(2), pp.203-216
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Galindo-Domínguez, H., García-Magariño, S. & Iglesias, D.L., 'Political speech in social networks about the immigrant minority group: Analysis of narratives and educational implications | Discurso político en redes sociales sobre el colectivo minoritario inmigrante: análisis de las narrativas e implicaciones educativas' (2023), OBETS, 18(1), pp. 97–114
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Galpin, C. & Vernon, P., 'Post-truth politics as discursive violence: Online abuse, the public sphere and the figure of ‘the expert’' (2023), British Journal of Politics and International Relations [online]
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García-Ávalos, I., 'Babel and the lost utopia: populist discourse as a nemesis of deliberative democracy in the digital age | Babel e a utopia perdida: o discurso populista como némesis da democracia deliberativa na era digital' (2024), Lengua y Sociedad, 23(2), pp. 853–878
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