Publications
B
Botcherby, S., Glen, F., Iganski, P., Jochelson, K. & Lagou, S., 'Equality groups’ perceptions and experience of crime: Analysis of the British Crime Survey 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10' (2011), Manchester: Equality and Human Rights Commission.
View the publication online
Botelho, A., Hale, S.A. & Vidgen, B., 'Deciphering Implicit Hate: Evaluating Automated Detection Algorithms for Multimodal Hate' (2021), Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL-IJCNLP 2021, pp. 1896-1907
View the publication online
Botella-Gil, B., Sepulveda-Torres, R., Bonet-Jover, A, Martinez-Barco, P. & Saquete, E., 'Semi-automatic dataset annotation applied to automatic violent message detection' (2024), IEEE Access [online]
View the publication online
Botha, Joanna, 'Go back to Europe! – The Battle of Senekal.' (2020)
View the publication online
Botha, J., '‘Swartman’: Racial Descriptor or Racial Slur? Rustenburg Platinum Mine v SAEWA obo Bester [2018]' (2020), Constitutional Court Review, 10(1), pp. 353-377
View the publication online
Botha, J., 'A Hate Crime Model for the South African Context' (2020), in H. Strydom & J. Botha (Eds.) Select Essays on Governance and Accountability Issues in Public Law (pp. 33- 54), Stellenbosch: African Sun Media
View the publication online
Bouamor, H., Pino, J. & Bali, K. (Eds.), 'Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023' (2023), The 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Singapore (6-10 December 2023)
View the publication online
Bouamor, H., Pino, J. & Bali, K. (Eds.), 'Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing' (2023), 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Singapore (6-10 December)
View the publication online
Bouazizi, M., Niida, N. & Ohtsuki, T., 'All-in-One Hate Speech Detectors May Not Be What You Want' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 3451498, pp. 165-170
View the publication online
Boucher, G., 'The Lyric Poetry of the Authoritarian Personality: Reading America First!' (2024), Arcadia, 59(1), pp. 1–22
View the publication online
Boulouard, Z., Ouaissa, M. & Ouaissa, M., 'Machine Learning for Hate Speech Detection in Arabic Social Media' (2022), EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing, pp. 147-162
View the publication online
Boulouard, Z., Ouaissa, M., Ouaissa, M., Krichen, M., Almutiq, M. & Gasmi, K., 'Detecting Hateful and Offensive Speech in Arabic Social Media Using Transfer Learning' (2022), Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(24), 12823
View the publication online
Bourgeade, T., Chiril, P., Benamara, F. & Moriceau, V., 'What Did You Learn To Hate? A Topic-Oriented Analysis of Generalization in Hate Speech Detection' (2023), EACL 2023 - 17th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 3477-3490
View the publication online
Bourne, J., 'Does legislating against racial violence work? ' (2002), Race & Class, 44(2), pp.81-85
View the publication online
Bourou, M., '“Diversity is a code word. And what it means is white genocide!” The cinematic representation of neofascist rhetoric in four dramatic race-related films' (2022), Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 10(1), pp. 219-239
View the publication online
Bousquet, C., 'Words That Harm: Defending the Dignity Approach to Hate Speech Regulation' (2022), Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence, 35(1), pp. 31-57
View the publication online
Bouwers, E. (Ed.), 'Catholics and Violence in the Nineteenth-Century Global World' (2023), New York: Routledge
View the publication online
Bouzerdan, C. & Whitten-Woodring, J., 'Killings in context: An analysis of the news framing of femicide' (2018), Human Rights Review, 19(2), pp.211–228
View the publication online
Bovet, A. & Grindrod, P., 'Organization and evolution of the UK far-right network on Telegram' (2022), Applied Network Science, 7(1), 76
View the publication online
Bowker, J. & Ophoff, J., 'Reducing Exposure to Hateful Speech Online' (2022), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 508 LNNS, pp. 630-645
View the publication online
Bowling, B., 'Racial harassment and the process of victimisation: Conceptual and methodological implications for the Local Crime Survey' (1993), British Journal of Criminology, 33(2), pp.231-250
View the publication online
Bowling, B., 'Violent racism: Victimization, policing, and social context' (1998), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bowling, B. & Phillips, C., 'Racism, crime and justice' (2002), Harlow: Pearson.
Boyd, E.A., Berk, R.A. & Hamner, K.M., '‘Motivated by hatred or prejudice’: Categorization of hate-motivated crimes in two police divisions' (1996), Law and Society Review, 30(4), pp.819-850
View the publication online
Boyle, K. & Berridge, S. (Eds.), 'The Routledge Companion to Gender, Media and Violence' (2023), London: Routledge
View the publication online
Bozay, K. & Borstel, D., 'Ungleichwertigkeitsideologien in der Einwanderungsgesellschaft' (2017), VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
View the publication online
Bozhidarova, M., Chang, J., Ale-Rasool, A., Liu, Y., Ma, C., Bertozzi, A.L., Brantingham, P.J., Lin, J. & Krishnagopal, S., 'Hate speech and hate crimes: a data-driven study of evolving discourse around marginalized groups' (2023), Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023, pp. 3107–3116
View the publication online
Bozoğlu, G., Campbell, G., Smith, L., & Whitehead, C. (Eds.), 'The Routledge International Handbook of Heritage and Politics (1st ed.)' (2024), London: Routledge
View the publication online
Br Ginting, P.S., Irawan, B. & Setianingsih, C., 'Hate Speech Detection on Twitter Using Multinomial Logistic Regression Classification Method' (2019), Proceedings - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things and Intelligence System, IoTaIS 2019, 8980379, pp. 105-111
View the publication online
Braddock, K., 'Vaccinating Against Hate: Using Attitudinal Inoculation to Confer Resistance to Persuasion by Extremist Propaganda' (2019), Terrorism and Political Violence [online]
View the publication online
Braddock, K., Hughes, B., Goldberg, B. & Miller-Idriss, C., 'Engagement in subversive online activity predicts susceptibility to persuasion by far-right extremist propaganda' (2022), New Media and Society [online]
View the publication online
Bradford, H.M., Puhl, R.M., Phillippi, J.C., Dietrich, M.S. & Neal, J.L., 'Weight Bias Among Certified Nurse-Midwives and Certified Midwives: Findings From a National Sample' (2024), Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health [online]
View the publication online
Bradley, J.M., 'Sectarianism, anti-sectarianism and Scottish football' (2015), Sport in Society, 18(5), pp.588-603
View the publication online
Bradley, M.S., 'Symbolizing hate: The extent and influence of organized hate group indicators' (2007), Journal of Crime and Justice, 30(1), pp.1-15
View the publication online
Brändle, G., Cáceres-Zapatero, M.-D. & Paz-Rebollo, M.-A., 'Feeling the hate: analysis of the perceived severity of hate speech in the Spanish population | Sentir el odio: análisis de la gravedad percibida de los discursos de odio en la población Española' (2024), Revista Espanola de Sociologia, 33(2), a219
View the publication online
Brar, G., Sharma, G., Singh, P., Gupta, N., Kalra, N. & Parashar, A., 'NOMA—Non-offensive Messaging Application Framework Using Machine Learning Technique for Online Communication Through Social Media' (2023), Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 316, pp. 315-328
View the publication online
Brata, D.W., Djunaidy, A. & Siahaan, D.O., 'Comparison of Deep Learning Methods in Detecting Hate Speech in Indonesian Tweets' (2023), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp. 58–63
View the publication online
Braun, A., 'Hungary: From “Goulash Communism” to Pluralistic Democracy' (1997), in A. Braun (Ed.) The Extreme Right: Freedom and Security at Risk (pp. 201-219). Abingdon & New York: Routledge
View the publication online
Braun, A., 'Poland: The Vanguard of Change' (1997), in A. Braun (Ed.) The Extreme Right: Freedom and Security at Risk (pp. 185-200). Abingdon & New York: Routledge
View the publication online
Braun, A., 'Russia: The Land Inbetween' (1997), in A. Braun (Ed.) The Extreme Right: Freedom and Security at Risk (pp. 161-184). Abingdon & New York: Routledge
View the publication online
Braun, A., 'The Incomplete Revolutions: The Rise of Extremism in East-Central Europe and the Former Soviet Union' (1997), in A. Braun (Ed.) The Extreme Right: Freedom and Security at Risk (pp. 138-160). Abingdon & New York: Routledge
View the publication online
Braune, J., 'Void and idol: A critical theory analysis of the neo-fascist “Alt-Right”' (2019), Journal of Hate Studies, 15(1), pp. 11-37
View the publication online
Brax, D., 'Motives, reasons, and responsibility in hate/bias crime legislation' (2016), Criminal Justice Ethics [online], pp.1-19
View the publication online
Brax, D., 'Hate crime concepts and their moral foundations: A universal framework' (2016), in J. Schweppe & M.A. Walters, The globalization of hate: Internationalizing hate crime? (pp.49-64), Oxford: Oxford University Press
View the publication online
Brax, D. & Munthe, C., 'The philosophical aspects of hate crime and hate crime legislation: Introducing the special section on the philosophy of hate crime' (2015), Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(10), pp.1687-1695
View the publication online
Bray, K., Braakmann, N. & Wildman, J., 'Austerity, welfare cuts and hate crime: Evidence from the UK’s age of austerity' (2022), Journal of Urban Economics, 103439
View the publication online
Brayson, K., 'Hating Women: A Constitution of Hate in Plain Sight' (2024), Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 39(17-18), pp. 3954–3982
View the publication online
Brearley, M., 'The persecution of Gypsies in Europe' (2001), American Behavioral Scientist, 45(4), pp.588-599
View the publication online
Breazu, P., 'Entitlement Racism on YouTube: White injury—the licence to Humiliate Roma migrants in the UK' (2023), Discourse, Context and Media, 55, 100718
View the publication online
Breazu, P. & Katson, N., 'ChatGPT-4 as a journalist: Whose perspectives is it reproducing?' (2024), Discourse and Society [online]
View the publication online