Publications
L
Lepoutre, M., 'Hate Speech Laws: Expressive Power Is Not the Answer' (2020), Legal Theory [online]
View the publication online
Lepoutre, M., 'Discursive optimism defended' (2023), Politics, Philosophy and Economics [online]
View the publication online
Lepoutre, M., Vilar-Lluch, S., Borg, E. & Hansen, N., 'What is Hate Speech? The Case for a Corpus Approach' (2023), Criminal Law and Philosophy [online]
View the publication online
Lera, E.C., 'The Correlation between Economic Decline and Radicalization towards the Far Right in the United States: The Case of Hate Groups in the Rust Belt | La correlación entre el detrimento económico y la radicalización hacia la extrema derecha en Estados Unidos: El caso de los grupos de odio en el Rust Belt' (2024), Norteamerica, 19(2)
View the publication online
Lestari, Y., Elian, N., Diego, Anindya, A. & Helmi, R.F., 'The Relationship Between Social Media Usage and Responses to Hoax and Hate Speech in Padang' (2024), Studies in Media and Communication, 12(3), pp. 393–404
View the publication online
Letouze, P. & Mendes, D.B., 'Positive Semiotics Construction: The Intersectionality of Fat Black Women, from Fatphobia, Through Fat Appraisal to Fat Praise' (2024), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
View the publication online
Lettieri, J., Logie, K. & Paccione-Frometa, J., 'Noise Complaints and Land Rezoning as a Predictor of Hate Crimes in a New York City Borough' (2023), Journal of Interpersonal Violence [online]
View the publication online
Leung, M., 'Points of departure: Re-examining the discursive formation of the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990' (2018), Patterns of Prejudice, 52(1), pp.39-57
View the publication online
Leuprecht, C., Skillicorn, D.B. & Kernot, D., 'Linguistic models of abusive language' (2024), Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict: Pathways toward Terrorism and Genocide [online]
View the publication online
Levi, E., Mariani, R.D. & Patriarca, F., 'Hate at First Sight? Dynamic Aspects of the Electoral Impact of Migration: The Case of Ukip' (2019), Journal of Population Economics [online]
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'The original web of hate: Revolution Muslim and American homegrown extremists' (2015), American Behavioral Scientist, 59(12), pp.1609-1630
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'The vindication of hate violence victims via criminal and civil adjudications' (2002), Journal of Hate Studies, 1(1), pp. 133-165
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'Hate crimes: Worse by definition' (1999), Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 15(1), pp.6-21
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'Reassessing laws on hate violence against the homeless' (2015), American Behavioral Scientist, 59(13), pp.1715-1728
View the publication online
Levin, J., 'From thrill to defensive hate crimes: The impact of September 11, 2001' (2014), Journal of Hate Studies, 12(1), pp. 65-72
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'Extremism and the constitution: How America’s legal evolution affects the response to extremism' (2001), American Behavioral Scientist, 45(4), pp.714-754
View the publication online
Levin, B., 'From slavery to hate crime laws: The emergence of race and status based protection in American criminal law' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.227-245
View the publication online
Levin, B. & Levine, K., 'Redistributing Justice' (2024), Columbia Law Review, 124(5), pp. 1531–1594
View the publication online
Levin, B. & Reitzel, J.D., 'Report to the nation: Hate crimes rise in U.S. cities and counties in time of division and foreign interference' (2018), Center for the Study of Hate and Extremism; California State University, San Bernardino
View the publication online
Levin, B., & Amster, S., 'Making hate history: Hate crime and policing in America’s most diverse city' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.329-348
View the publication online
Levin, B., Nolan, J.J. & Perry, B., 'Disrupting the mantra of multiculturalism: Hate crime in Canada' (2015), American Behavioral Scientist, 59(13), pp.1637-1654
View the publication online
Levin, B., Nolan, J.J. & Perst, K., 'U.S. Hate Crime Trends: What Disaggregation of Three Decades of Data Reveals About a Changing Threat and an Invisible Record' (2022), Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 112(4),3, pp. 749-800
View the publication online
Levin, J. & Idler, E.L., 'Islamophobia and the public health implications of religious hatred' (2018), AJPH, 108(6), pp.718–719
View the publication online
Levin, J. & McDevitt, J., 'Hate crimes: The rising tide of bigotry and bloodshed' (2001), Westview Press Inc.
Levin, J. & McDevitt, J., 'Hate Crimes' (2022), in L.R. Kurtz (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict (Third Edition): Volume 2: Violence and Nonviolence (pp. 28-34), Cambridge, MA: Academic Press
View the publication online
Levin, J. & McDevitt, J., 'Police response' (1993), Hate Crimes, pp.159-178
View the publication online
Levin, J. & Rabrenovic, G., 'Hate crimes and ethnic conflict: An introduction' (2001), American Behavioral Scientist, 45(4), pp.575-587
View the publication online
Levin, J. & Reichelmann, A., 'From thrill to defensive motivation: The role of group threat in the changing nature of hate-motivated assaults' (2015), American Behavioral Scientist, 59(12), pp.1546-1561
View the publication online
Levin, J., & McDevitt, J. , 'Hate crimes revisited: America’s war on those who are different' (2002), Boulder; Oxford: Westview Press
Levin, J., Rabrenovic, G., Ferraro, V., Doran, T., & Methe, D., 'When a crime committed by a teenager becomes a hate crime: Results from two studies' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.246-257
View the publication online
Levy, A., Galinsky, A., Nguyen, C.Q., Saguy, T., Ikizer, E.G. & Dovidio, J.F., 'Ingroup love, outgroup hate, and the gateway group effect: Comparing the direct and indirect impact of dual versus single identification' (2023), PloS one, 18(8), e0287631
View the publication online
Levy, B.L. & Levy, D.L., 'When love meets hate: The relationship between state policies on gay and lesbian rights and hate crime incidence' (2016), Social Science Research [online]
View the publication online
Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B., 'Culture-Driven Emotional Profiles and Online Discourse Extremism' (2020), Pragmatics and Society, 11(2), pp. 262-291
View the publication online
Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B., Baczkowska, A., Dontcheva-Navrátilová, O., Liebeskind, C., Valūnaitė Oleškevičienė G., Zitnik, S., Trojszczak, M., Povolná, R., Selmistraitis, L., Utka, A. & Gudelis, D., 'LLOD schema for Simplified Offensive Language Taxonomy in multilingual detection and applications' (2023), Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 19(2), pp. 301–324
View the publication online
Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B., Bączkowska, A., Liebeskind, C., Valunaite Oleskeviciene, G. & Žitnik, S., 'An integrated explicit and implicit offensive language taxonomy' (2023), Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 19(1), pp. 7–48
View the publication online
Lewis, C. S., 'Tough on hate?: The cultural politics of hate crimes' (2013), New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press
View the publication online
Lewis, C.S., 'Tough-on-crime tolerance: The cultural criminalization of bigotry in the Post-Civil Rights Era' (2012), Critical Criminology, 20(3), pp.275-292
View the publication online
Lewis, T.T., Kravitz, H.M., Janssen, I. & Powell, L.H., 'Self-reported experiences of discrimination and visceral fat in middle-aged African-American and caucasian women' (2011), American Journal of Epidemiology, 173(11), pp.1223-1231
View the publication online
Lewulis, P., 'Detecting online offenders: A case study of social media hate speech investigations' (2024), in P. Waszkiewicz (Ed.) Social Media and Law Enforcement Practice in Poland: Insights into Practice outside Anglophone Countries (pp. 93–108), New York: Routledge
View the publication online
Leyva, K. J., 'France’s Secularism: Navigating Security and Rights' (2024), Politics and Rights Review (13 June)
View the publication online
Li, M., 'Exemplifying Power Matters: The Impact of Power Exemplification of Transgender People in the News on Issue Attribution, Dehumanization, and Aggression Tendencies' (2021), Journalism Practice [online]
View the publication online
Li, K., 'An Evaluation of Automation on Misogyny Identification(AMI) and Deep-Learning Approaches for Hate Speech -Highlight on Graph Convolutional Networks and Neural Networks' (2022), Proceedings - 2022 International Conference on Computers, Information Processing and Advanced Education, CIPAE 2022, pp. 239-244
View the publication online
Li, L., Kang, J., Ho, M., Li, A., Shih, J.J., Yeh, J. & Smith, A., 'Anti-Asian Hate and the Health of Older Asian Individuals' (2024), JAMA Internal Medicine [online]
View the publication online
Li, L., Kang, J., Nguyen, B., Ho, M., Li, A.T., Shih, J.J., Kotwal, A., Yeh, J., Karliner, L., Jeung, R. & Smith, A., '“Hate has chipped away at my sense of security”: A survey study of the impacts of anti-Asian hate on the health of older Asians' (2024), Journal of the American Geriatrics Society [online]
View the publication online
Li, M., Liao, S., Okpala, E., Tong, M., Costello, M., Cheng, L., Hu, H. & Luo, F., 'COVID-HateBERT: A Pre-trained Language Model for COVID-19 related Hate Speech Detection' (2021), Proceedings - 20th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2021, pp. 233-238
View the publication online
Li, S., Zaidi, N.A., Liu, Q. & Li, G., 'Neighbours and Kinsmen: Hateful Users Detection with Graph Neural Network' (2021), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 12712 LNAI, pp. 434-446
View the publication online
Li, Y., Jiang, B., Shu, K. & Liu, H., 'Toward A Multilingual and Multimodal Data Repository for COVID-19 Disinformation' (2020), Proceedings - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Big Data 2020, 9378472, pp. 4325-4330
View the publication online
Li, Z., Hu, G. & Li, Q., 'Impact of Social Identity Complexity in Unfair Events on Intergroup Bias in Third-Party Fairness Maintenance' (2023), Behavioral Sciences, 13(6), 456
View the publication online
Liang, C.S., 'Far-Right Contagion: The Global Challenge of Transnational Extremist Networks' (2022), in A.J. Masys (Ed.) Handbook of Security Science (pp. 1001-1037), Cham: Springer
View the publication online
Liang, X., Huang, Y., Liu, W., Zhu, H., Liang, Z. & Chen, L., 'TRICAN: Multi-Modal Hateful Memes Detection with Triplet-Relation Information Cross-Attention Network' (2022), Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2022-July
View the publication online