Publications: Gender-based hate crime

McPhail, B.A. & DiNitto, D.M., 'Prosecutorial perspectives on gender-bias hate crimes' (2005), Violence Against Women, 11(9), pp.1162-1185
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Meena, P., Rema Devi, S. & Pandia Rajammal, P., 'A Retrospective Analysis of Cultural Patriarchy in Majid Rafizadeh’s A God Who Hates Women: A Woman’s Journey Through Oppression' (2025), World Journal of English Language, 15(1), pp. 342–351
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Meidert, U., Dönnges, G., Bucher, T., Wieber, F. & Gerber-Grote, A., 'Unconscious Bias among Health Professionals: A Scoping Review' (2023), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(16), 6569
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Meier, M.L. & Sharp, K., 'Death to Chad and Stacy: Incels and anti-fandom as group identity' (2024), International Journal of Cultural Studies [online]
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Melton, B., '“By women for women” communicating gender discourse in r/FemaleDatingStrategy' (2025), Feminist Media Studies [online]
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Meneghel, S.N., Margarites, A.F. & Ceccon, R.F., 'Femicides of prostitutes in Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil | [Feminicídios de prostitutas no município de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil]' (2022), Interface: Communication, Health, Education, 26, e210591
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Meneguelli, G. & Ferré-Pavia, C., 'Hate speech against Dilma Rousseff from a semio-linguistic perspective | Discurso de ódio contra Dilma Rousseff a partir de uma perspectiva semiolinguística' (2024), Revista Estudos Feministas, 32(1), pp. 1–13, e87865
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Menezes, M., 'Homotransphobic hate crimes and intersectionalities in Portugal: Analysis of Official Cases 2015-2020 | Crimes de ódio homotransfóbicos e interseccionalidades em Portugal: Análise de Caso Oficial 2015-2020' (2024), European Public and Social Innovation Review, 9
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Menshawy, M., 'Why Arabs hate their leaders’ wives? More than a woman, less than a man' (2025), British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies [online]
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Mercer, J. & McGlashan, M. (Eds.), 'Toxic Masculinity: Men, Meaning, and Digital Media' (2023), London: Routledge
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Meriläinen, J.-M., 'The Role of Gender in Hate Speech Targeting Politicians: Evidence from Finnish Twitter' (2024), International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society [online]
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Meyer, D. & Grollman, E.A., 'Sexual orientation and fear at night: Gender differences among sexual minorities and heterosexuals' (2014), Journal of Homosexuality, 61(4), pp.453-470
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Meyer, E.J., Taylor, C. & Peter, T., 'Perspectives on gender and sexual diversity (GSD)-inclusive education: Comparisons between gay/lesbian/bisexual and straight educators' (2014), Sex Education
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Millicent, S., 'Hate crime legislation and the inclusion of gender: A possible option for battered women' (2001), Domestic Violence Report, 6(5), 65

Min-Sook, H., 'Gender-based violence and hate crime – Is violence against women a form of hate crime?' (2017), Journal of Korean Women's Studies, 33(2), pp.77-105
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Miranda, S.L., 'Analyzing Hate Speech Against Women on Instagram' (2023), Open Information Science, 7(1), 20220161
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Mishra, D. (Ed.), 'Cyberfeminism and Gender Violence in Social Media' (2023), Hershey, PA: IGI Global
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Mohammadi, H., Giachanou, A. & Bagheri, A., 'Towards Robust Online Sexism Detection: A Multi-Model Approach with BERT, XLM-RoBERTa, and DistilBERT for EXIST 2023Tasks' (2023), Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2023), pp.1000-1010
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Mohr, E., Jamie, K. & Hockin-Boyers, H., 'Fatphobia as a form of gender-based violence: Fat women, public space and body belonging work' (2025), Fat Studies [online]
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Mondal, S., Alom, M.S., Alum, M.M. & Sunjida, K.L.S., 'Multiclass Detection of Misogynistic Bangla Text from YouTube using Transformer-Based Models' (2025), 2025 International Conference on Electrical Computer and Communication Engineering, ECCE 2025
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Morbidoni, C. & Sarra, A., 'Can LLMs assist humans in assessing online misogyny? Experiments with GPT-3.5' (2023), Proceedings of GENerative, Explainable and Reasonable Artificial Learning Workshop 2023, pp. 31–43
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Moreno-Sandoval, L.G., Pomares-Quimbaya, A., Barbosa-Sierra, S.A. & Pantoja-Rojas, L.M., 'Detection of Hate Speech, Racism and Misogyny in Digital Social Networks: Colombian Case Study' (2024), Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 8(9), 113
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Muholi, Z., 'Thinking through lesbian rape' (2004), Agenda, 18(61), pp.116-125
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Mulki, H. & Ghanem, B., 'ArMI at FIRE 2021: Overview of the First Shared Task on Arabic Misogyny Identification' (2021), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 3159, pp. 820-830
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Munk, T. & Kennedy, M. (Eds.), 'Victimisation in the Digital Age: An Online/Offline Continuum Approach' (2024), London: Routledge
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Muntasir, F. & Noor, J., 'Explainable AI Discloses Gender Bias in Sexism Detection Algorithm' (2025), Proceedings of the 2024 11th International Conference on Networking, Systems and Security, NSysS 2024, pp. 120–127
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Muti, A. & Mancini, E., 'Enriching Hate-Tuned Transformer-Based Embeddings with Emotions for the Categorization of Sexism' (2023), Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2023), pp. 1012-1023
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Muti, A., Fernicola, F. & Barrón-Cedeño, A., 'UniBoe’s at SemEval-2023 Task 10: Model-Agnostic Strategies for the Improvement of Hate-Tuned and Generative Models in the Classification of Sexist Posts' (2023), 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval 2023 - Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 1138–1147
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Nadim, M., Fladmoe, A., 'Silencing Women? Gender and Online Harassment' (2019), Social Science Computer Review [online]
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Nag, S.K. (Ed.), 'Disease and Discrimination: Gender Discrimination during the Pandemic in South Asia and Beyond' (2024), London: Routledge India
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Nascimento, F.R.S., Cavalcanti, G.D.C. & Costa-Abreu, M.D., 'Gender bias detection on hate speech classification: an analysis at feature-level' (2024), Neural Computing and Applications [online]
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Nascimento, F.R.S., Cavalcanti, G.D.C. & Da Costa-Abreu, M., 'Unintended bias evaluation: An analysis of hate speech detection and gender bias mitigation on social media using ensemble learning' (2022), Expert Systems with Applications, 201, 117032
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Natarajan, N. (Ed.), 'Confronting Femicide: Multidisciplinary Perspectives From Puerto Rico' (2025), Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
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Naveen Kumar, M., Gubbala, K., Mahender, U., Guna, H.K. & Venkateswarlu, C., 'Unveiling Hate Speech: Identifying Toxic Comments Targeting Women in Online Social Media Posts' (2025), Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, 441, pp. 161–172
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Nencheva, D. & Georgiev, D., 'From Academic Term to Everyday Slur: The Definitions of “Gender” in Two Volumes of the “Dictionary of New Words in the Bulgarian Language”' (2024), Sexuality and Culture [online]
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Ngongoma, S. & Maweni, V., 'The Criminological Analysis of Communal Motives on Corrective Rape in African Communities: A Case Study of Pietermaritzburg, Kwa-Zulu Natal' (2024), Critical Criminology [online]
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Nicholas, L., Clark, S., Agius, C. & Cook, K., 'Antifeminist, manosphere and right-wing extremist sentiment among men who use domestic and family violence: masculinism, misinformation, and the justificatory logics of violence' (2024), NORMA [online]
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Nielsen, L.B., 'Subtle, pervasive, harmful: Racist and sexist remarks in public as hate speech' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.265-280
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Nnawulezi, N.A. & Sullivan, C.M., 'Oppression within safe spaces: Exploring racial microaggressions within domestic violence shelters' (2014), Journal of Black Psychology, 40(6), pp.563-591
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O'Brien, M., Dempsey, B. & Higgins, M., 'Experiences and outcomes of Gypsy, Roma and Traveller women in pregnancy: a scoping review protocol' (2022), BMJ open, 12(7), pp. e057788
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Obst, M., 'Not in the mood for gender and feminism. Exploring affect and expertise through Spanish anti-gender movements' (2024), Women's Studies International Forum, 104, 102892
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Ogilvie, E. & Lynch, M., 'Gender, race, class, and crime in Australia' (2002), in Graycar, A. & Grabosky, P. (eds.) The Cambridge Handbook of Australian Criminology. Cambridge University Press.

Onetto, F.M.C., 'Towards A Reconceptualization of Street Harassment | [Hacia Una Reconceptualización del Acoso Callejero]' (2019), Revista Estudos Feministas, 27(3), e57206
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