Publications: Hate speech
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Edge, P.W., 'Oppositional religious speech: Understanding hate preaching' (2018), Ecclesiastical Law Journal, 20(3), pp.278-289
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Edström, M., 'The trolls disappear in the light: Swedish experiences of mediated sexualised hate speech in the aftermath of Behring Breivik' (2016), International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 5(2), pp.96-106
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Edwards, E.L., 'Digital Islamophobia: Tracking a far-right crisis' (2023), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter
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Ekeli, K.S., 'Democratic Legitimacy, Political Speech and Viewpoint Neutrality' (2020), Philosophy and Social Criticism [online]
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Ekman, M., 'A relational approach to digital racism: Toward a theoretical model' (2024), First Monday, 29(8)
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El Barachi, M., Mathew, S.S., Oroumchian, F., Ajala, I., Lutfi, S. & Yasin, R., 'Leveraging Natural Language Processing to Analyse the Temporal Behavior of Extremists on Social Media' (2022), Journal of Communications Software and Systems, 18(2), pp. 195-207
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El Kah, A. & Zeroual, I., 'Sentiment analysis of Facebook users towards COVID-19 vaccination' (2023), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 31
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El-Sayed, T., Mustafa, A., El-Sayed, A. & Elrashidy, M., 'Hate speech detection by classic machine learning' (2023), ICEEM 2023 - 3rd IEEE International Conference on Electronic Engineering
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Elbahtimy, M., 'The Right to Protection from Incitement to Hatred: An Unsettled Right' (2021), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
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Elias, C., Gonçalves, J.B., Araújo, M., Pinheiro, P., Araújo, C. & Henriques, P.R., 'NetAC, An Automatic Classifier of Online Hate Speech Comments' (2021), Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1367 AISC, pp. 494-505
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Elisabeth, D., Budi, I. & Ibrohim, M.O., 'Hate Code Detection in Indonesian Tweets Using Machine Learning Approach: A Dataset and Preliminary Study' (2020), 2020 8th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, ICoICT 2020, 9166251
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Elitaş, S.K. (Ed.), 'Media Representation of Migrants and Refugees' (2024), Hershey, PA: IGI Global
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Elkaref, N. & Abu-Elkheir, M., 'GUCT at Arabic Hate Speech 2022: Towards a Better Isotropy for Hate Speech Detection' (2022), 5th Workshop Open-Source Arabic Corpora and Processing Tools with Shared Tasks on Qur'an QA and Fine-Grained Hate Speech Detection, OSACT 2022 - Proceedings at Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, LREC 2022, pp. 209-213
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Elouali, A., Elberrichi, Z. & Elouali, N., 'Hate Speech Detection on Multilingual Twitter Using Convolutional Neural Networks' (2020), Revue d'Intelligence Artificielle, 34(1), pp. 81-88
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Elsafoury, F., 'Darkness can not drive out darkness: Investigating Bias in Hate Speech Detection Models' (2022), Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 31-43
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Elsafoury, F., 'Thesis Distillation: Investigating the Impact of Bias in NLP Models on Hate Speech Detection' (2023), BigPicture 2023 - Big Picture Workshop, Proceedings, pp. 53–65
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ElSherief, M., Ziems, C., Muchlinski, D., Anupindi, V., Seybolt, J., De Choudhury, M. & Yang, D., 'Latent Hatred: A Benchmark for Understanding Implicit Hate Speech' (2021), EMNLP 2021 - 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Proceedings, pp. 345-363
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Elzayady, H., Mohamed, M.S., Badran, K. & Salama, G., 'Improving Arabic Hate Speech Identification Using Online Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models' (2023), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 448, pp. 533-541
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Elzayady, H., Mohamed, M.S., Badran, K., Salama, G. & Abdel-Rahim, A., 'Arabic Hate Speech Identification by Enriching MARBERT Model with Hybrid Features' (2023), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 579, pp. 559-566
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Elzayady, H., Mohamed, M.S., Badran, K.M. & Salama, G.I., 'A hybrid approach based on personality traits for hate speech detection in Arabic social media' (2023), International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 13(2), pp. 1979-1988
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Emon, M.I.H., Iqbal, K.N., Mehedi, M.H.K., Mahbub, M.J.A. & Rasel, A.A., 'Detection of Bangla Hate Comments and Cyberbullying in Social Media Using NLP and Transformer Models' (2022), Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1613 CCIS, pp. 86-96
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Enarsson, T., 'Navigating hate speech and content moderation under the DSA: insights from ECtHR case law' (2024), Information and Communications Technology Law [online]
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Enarsson, T. & Naarttijarvi, M., 'Is it all part of the game? Victim differentiation and the normative protection of victims of online antagonism under the European Convention on Human Rights (Article)' (2016), International Review of Victimology, 22(2), pp.123-138
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Englmeier, K., 'The Role of Storylines in Hate Speech Detection' (2020), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2606, pp. 33-39
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Englmeier, K. & Mothe, J., 'Application-Oriented Approach for Detecting Cyberaggression in Social Media' (2021), Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1213 AISC, pp. 129-136
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Engstrand, Å.-K., 'Managing the manosphere: The limits of responsibility for government social media adoption' (2024), Government Information Quarterly, 41(1), 101909
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Enli, G., 'Populism as “Truth”: How Mediated Authenticity Strengthens the Populist Message' (2024), International Journal of Press/Politics [online]
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Enock, F.E. & Over, H., 'Animalistic slurs increase harm by changing perceptions of social desirability' (2023), Royal Society Open Science, 10(7), 230203
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Enriquez, R.C.K. & Estuar, M.R.J.E., 'Determining Linguistic Features of Hate Speech from 2016 Philippine Election-Related Tweets' (2023), 2023 International Conference on IT Innovation and Knowledge Discovery, ITIKD 2023
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Epstein, E.M.B., Ngaosi, N.C., Khalayleh, N., Garces, L.M. & Pedota, J., 'Beyond Legal Constraints: Understanding Barriers to Humanizing Responses in the Aftermath of Hate Speech at Private Universities' (2024), Education Sciences, 14(2), 175
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Erdogan-Ozturk, Y. & Isik-Guler, H., 'Discourses of Exclusion on Twitter in the Turkish Context: #ülkemdesuriyeliistemiyorum (#idontwantsyriansinmycountry)' (2020), Discourse, Context and Media, 36, 100400
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Ergul, H.I., Terzioǧlu, A., Tercan, M., Yanikoǧlu, B. & Arin, I., 'LDA Topic Modeling on Twitter Data Concerning Immigrants and Refugees | Mülteciler ve Göçmenler Hakkindaki Tweet’ler Üzerine LDA Konu Modellemesi' (2023), 31st IEEE Conference on Signal Processing and Communications Applications, SIU 2023
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Erizal, E., Irawan, B. & Setianingsih, C., 'Hate Speech Detection in Indonesian Language on Instagram Comment Section Using Maximum Entropy Classification Method' (2019), 2019 International Conference on Information and Communications Technology, ICOIACT 2019, 8938593, pp. 533-538
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Erker, J.-J., Goanta, C. & Spanakis, G., 'A Cancel Culture Corpus through the lens of Natural Language Processing' (2022), Proceedings of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, LREC 2022 Workshop on Language Technology and Resources for a Fair, Inclusive, and Safe Society, LATERAISSE 2022, pp. 17-25
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Ermida, I. (Ed.), 'Hate Speech in Social Media: Linguistic Approaches' (2024), Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
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Ersoy, B.I., Radler, G. & Carpentieri, S., 'CLassifiers at EXIST 2023: Detecting Sexism in Spanish and English Tweets With XLM-T' (2023), Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2023), pp. 919–926
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Erzar, T., 'Expressing Anger and Hatred Online: Effects, Consequences, Motivations and the Limits of Apparent Connectedness | Izražanje jeze in sovraštva na spletu: učinki, posledice, motivacija in meje navidezne povezanosti' (2024), Bogoslovni Vestnik, 84(4), pp. 945–953
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Esen, F.S. & Emrah Amrahov, S., 'TurkHSD: A Hate Speech Detection Model for Turkish Text Content' (2024), 2024 Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference, ASYU 2024
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Eslen-Ziya, H., 'Establishing networked misogyny as a counter movement: The analysis of the online anti-Istanbul convention presence' (2022), Convergence [online]
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Esmaelizadeh, A., Cotterill, S., Hebert, L., Golab, L. & Taghva, K., 'Infomod: information-theoretic machine learning model diagnostics' (2025), Distributed and Parallel Databases, 43(1), 6
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Esparza, M.S., Diéguez, I.V. & Arribas, D.M., 'The Semiotics of Hate in Hoaxes about Immigrants Detected by Fact-Checking Platforms in Spain, Greece, and Italy | A semiótica do ódio em boatos sobre migrantes detectados por plataformas de verificação de fatos na Espanha, Grécia e Itália' (2024), Icono14, 22(1), e2083
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Espin-Riofrio, C., Torres, J.S.M., Rodríguez-Soria, H., Morán, V.M., Chóez, A.C. & Montejo-Ráez, A., 'Aggression and Hate in Spanish Text Messages. Identification Using a Pre-Trained Transformer Model | Agresividad y Odio en Mensajes de Texto en Español. Identificación Usando un Modelo Transformer Pre-Entrenado' (2023), Proceedings of the LACCEI international Multi-conference for Engineering, Education and Technology, 2023
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Esposito, E. & KhosraviNik, M. (Eds.), 'Discourse in the Digital Age: Social Media, Power, and Society' (2023), London: Routledge
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Esposito, E. & Zollo, S.A., '“How dare you call her a pig, I know several pigs who would be upset if they knew : A multimodal critical discursive approach to online misogyny against UK MPs on YouTube' (2021), Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 9(1), pp. 47-75
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Essalhi-Rakrak, A. & Pinedo-González, R., '#EspañaInvadida. Disinformation and hate speech towards refugees on Twitter: A challenge for critical thinking | [#EspañaInvadida. Desinformación y discursos de odio hacia los refugiados en Twitter: un reto para el pensamiento crítico]' (2023), Profesional de la Informacion, 32(3), e320310
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Essefar, K., Ait Baha, H., El Mahdaouy, A., El Mekki, A. & Berrada, I., 'OMCD: Offensive Moroccan Comments Dataset' (2023), Language Resources and Evaluation [online]
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Estay Sepúlveda, J.G., Barrientos-Baéz, A. & Mancina-Chávez, R., 'Democracy, Xenophobia and Intersectionality | [Democracia, xenofobia e interseccionalidad]' (2022), Revista de Filosofia (Venzuela), 39(100), pp. 53-62
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Estellés, M. & Castellví, J., 'The Educational Implications of Populism, Emotions and Digital Hate Speech: A Dialogue with Scholars From Canada, Chile, Spain, the UK, and the US' (2020), Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(15), 6034
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Etaywe, A. & Zappavigna, M., 'The role of social affiliation in incitement: A social semiotic approach to far-right terrorists’ incitement to violence' (2024), Language in Society, 53(4), pp. 623–648
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Etaywe, A., Thomson, E.A. & Wijeyewardene, I., 'Moving towards peace, compassion and empathy through semiotic enquiry' (2024), Language, Context and Text, 6(1), pp. 2–26
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