Publications: Hate speech
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Spinde, T., Richter, E., Wessel, M., Kulshrestha, J. & Donnay, K., 'What do Twitter comments tell about news article bias? Assessing the impact of news article bias on its perception on Twitter' (2023), Online Social Networks and Media, 37-38, 100264
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Sponholz, L., 'Hate Speech in den Massenmedien: Theoretische Grundlagen und empirische Umsetzung' (2018), Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
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Sponholz, L., 'Hate Speech in Sozialen Medien: Motor der Eskalation?' (2019), in H. Friese, M. Nolden & M. Schreiter (Eds.), Rassismus im Alltag (pp. 157-178). Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (in German only)
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Sponholz, L., 'Der Begriff „Hate Speech“ in der Deutschsprachigen Forschung. Eine Empirische Begriffsanalyse [The Concept “Hate Speech” in German-speaking Research. An Empirical Conceptual Analysis]' (2020), SWS-Rundschau 1, pp. 45-63 [in German only]
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Sponholz, L., & Christofoletti, R., 'From preachers to comedians: Ideal types of hate speakers in Brazil' (2019), Global Media and Communication, 15(1), pp. 67–84
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Šramel, B. & Horváth, P., 'Internet as the communication medium of the 21st century: Do we need a special legal regulation of freedom of expression on the internet?' (2021), Lawyer Quarterly, 11(1), pp. 141-157
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Sreelakshmi, K., Premjith, B. & Soman, K.P., 'Detection of Hate Speech Text in Hindi-English Code-mixed Data' (2020), Procedia Computer Science, 171, pp. 737-744
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Sreelakshmi, K., Premjith, B., Chakravarthi, B.R. & Soman, K.P., 'Detection of Hate Speech and Offensive Language CodeMix Text in Dravidian Languages using Cost-Sensitive Learning Approach' (2024), IEEE Access [online]
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Sreelakshmi, K., Premjith, B., Gopalakrishnan, E.A. & Soman, K.P., 'Study of Markov Chains for the Identification of the Hate Contents in Hinglish' (2022), Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 446, pp. 215-224
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Srikissoon, T. & Marivate, V., 'Combating Hate: How Multilingual Transformers Can Help Detect Topical Hate Speech' (2023), EPiC Series in Computing, 93, pp. 203-215
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Srinivas, P.Y.K.L, Das, A. & Pulabaigari, V., 'Racists spreader is narcissistic; sexists is Machiavellian Influence of Psycho-Sociological Facets in hate-speech diffusion prediction' (2024), Expert Systems with Applications, 247, 123211
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Sriram, S., Chandran, P.P. & Shrijith, M.R., 'PoSh at SemEval-2023 Task 10: Explainable Detection of Online Sexism' (2023), 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval 2023 - Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 1276–1281
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Stahel, L. & Baier, D., 'Digital Hate Speech Experiences Across Age Groups and Their Impact on Well-Being: A Nationally Representative Survey in Switzerland' (2023), Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(7), pp. 519–526
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Stajnko, J., Siter, D. & Tomažič, L.M., 'Discrimination, freedom of expression and two concepts of liberty: Assessing European legislation criminalizing hate speech' (2024), Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies, 64(2), pp. 288–307
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Stavros, S., 'The European Commission’s against racism and intolerance new general policy recommendation on combating hate speech' (2017), in J.-P. Jacque, F. Benoit-Rohmer, P. Grigoriou and M.D. Marouda (Eds.), On the international community: Legal, political, diplomatic issues, Liber Amicorum Stelios Perrakis (pp.413-420), I.Sideris
Stechemesser, A., Levermann, A. & Wenz, L., 'Temperature impacts on hate speech online: evidence from 4 billion geolocated tweets from the USA' (2022), The Lancet Planetary Health, 6(9), pp. e714-e725
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Stechemesser, A., Wenz, L. & Levermann, A., 'Corona Crisis Fuels Racially Profiled Hate in Social Media Networks' (2020), EClinicalMedicine, 100372 [online]
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Stechemesser, A., Wenz, L., Kotz, M. & Levermann, A., 'Strong increase of racist tweets outside of climate comfort zone in Europe' (2021), Environmental Research Letters, 16(11), 114001
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Stefanelli, F., Menesini, E., Nocentini, A. & Palladino, B.E., 'Exposure to and Speaking Up Against Online Ethnic Hate Speech: The Role of Xenophobia in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study' (2023), Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking [online]
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Ştefăniţă, O. & Buf, D.-M., 'Hate speech in social media and its effects on the LGBT community: A review of the current research' (2021), Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations, 23(1), pp. 47-55
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Steuer, M., 'Cultural expertise, hate speech, and the far right: the Slovak Mazurek case' (2024), Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis [online]
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Stewart, J., 'Anti-Muslim Hate Speech and Displacement Narratives: Case Studies From Sri Lanka and Australia' (2019), Australian Journal of Social Issues [online]
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Stewart, N.K., Al-Rawi, A., Celestini, C. & Worku, N., 'Hate Influencers’ Mediation of Hate on Telegram: “We Declare War Against the Anti-White System”' (2023), Social Media and Society, 9(2)
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Stokes, S. & Davis, C.H.F., 'In Defense of Dignitary Safety: A Phenomenological Study of Student Resistance to Hate Speech on Campus' (2022), Peabody Journal of Education [online]
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Stone, A., 'How to think about the problem of hate speech: Understanding a comparative debate' (2007), in Gelber, K. & Stone, A. (eds.) Hate Speech and Freedom of Speech in Australia. The Federation Press.
Stone, A. & Schauer, F. (Eds.), 'The Oxford Handbook of Freedom of Speech' (2021), Oxford: Oxford University Press
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Strand, C. & Svensson, J., 'Foreign Norm Entrepreneurs’ Misinformation and Disinformation Narratives on LGBT+ Rights in Europe | [Borba protiv kampanja dezinformiranja i pogrešnog informiranja koje provode norm enterpreneurs, a usmjerene su na LGBTI+ zajednicu u Europi]' (2022), Medijska Istrazivanja, 28(2), pp. 109-132
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Stranisci, M.A., Frenda, S., Lai, M., Araque, O., Cignarella, A.T., Basile, V., Patti, V. & Bosco, C., 'O-Dang! The Ontology of Dangerous Speech Messages' (2022), 2nd Workshop on Sentiment Analysis and Linguistic Linked Data, SALLD 2022 - held in conjunction with the International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC 2022 – Proceedings, pp. 2-8
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Stremlau, N. & Gagliardone, I., 'Socio-Legal Approaches to Online Hate Speech' (2019), in N. Creutzfeldt, M. Mason & K. McConnachie (Eds.) Routledge Handbook of Socio-Legal Theory and Methods. London: Routledge
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Strmic-Pawl, H., Chito Childs, E. & Laudone, S., 'Asian-White Mixed Identity after COVID-19: Racist Racial Projects and the Effects on Asian Multiraciality' (2022), Genealogy, 6(2), 53
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Stroińska, M. & Cecchetto, V., 'Can There Be a ‘Safe Haven’ for Trauma Survivors in This Social Media Dominated World?' (2019), Trames, 23(2), pp. 223-238
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Struck, J. & Wagner, D., 'Online Hate Speech – Social Complexity of Individual Excesses. Micro- and Macro-Sociological Perspectives on Attributions of Inequality in Digital Speech Acts | [Online Hate Speech – gesellschaftliche Komplexität individueller Exzesse. Mikro- und makrosoziologische Perspektiven auf Ungleichwertigkeitszuschreibungen in digitalen Sprechakten]' (2022), Kriminologie, 4(2), pp. 179-195
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Su, L., Wang, Z., Peng, Y. & Sun, C., 'Identification of Offensive Language in Social Media Using Prompt Learning' (2023), Proceedings - 2023 IEEE 11th International Conference on Healthcare Informatics, ICHI 2023, pp. 690–691
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Su, X., Li, Y., Branco, P. & Inkpen, D., 'SSL-GAN-RoBERTa: A robust semi-supervised model for detecting Anti-Asian COVID-19 hate speech on social media' (2023), Natural Language Engineering [online]
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Subramanian, M., Adhithiya, G.J., Gowthamkrishnan, S. & Deepti, R., 'Detecting Offensive Tamil Texts Using Machine Learning And Multilingual Transformer Models' (2022), 1st IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies and Systems for Next Generation Computing, ICSTSN 2022
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Subramanian, M., Easwaramoorthy Sathiskumar, V., Deepalakshmi, G., Cho, J. & Manikandan, G., 'A survey on hate speech detection and sentiment analysis using machine learning and deep learning models' (2023), Alexandria Engineering Journal, 80, pp. 110–121
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Sultan, D., Mussiraliyeva, S., Toktarova, A., Nurtas M., Iztayev Z., Zhaidakbaeva L., Shaimerdenova L., Akhmetova, O. & Omarov, B., 'Cyberbullying and Hate Speech Detection on Kazakh-Language Social Networks' (2021), Proceedings - 2021 7th IEEE International Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud, IEEE International Conference on High Performance and Smart Computing, and IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data and Security, BigDataSecurity/HPSC/IDS 2021, 9463568, pp. 197-201
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Sultan, D., Omarov, B., Kozhamkulova, Z., Kazbekova, G., Alimzhanova, L., Dautbayeva, A., Zholdassov, Y. & Abdrakhmanov, R., 'A Review of Machine Learning Techniques in Cyberbullying Detection' (2023), Computers, Materials and Continua, 74(3), pp. 2625-2640
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Sultan, D., Toktarova, A., Zhumadillayeva, A., Aldeshov, S., Mussiraliyeva, S., Beissenova, G., Tursynbayev, A., Baenova, G. & Imanbayeva, A., 'Cyberbullying-related Hate Speech Detection Using Shallow-to-deep Learning' (2023), Computers, Materials and Continua, 74(1), pp. 2115-2131
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Sulzhytski, I., 'Opposition as “a Mould on the Fatherland”: Hate Speech and Grassroots Telegram Propaganda in Belarus' (2022), Journal of Belarusian Studies, 908(2), 12350018
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Sumanth, P., Samiuddin, S., Jamal, K., Domakonda, S. & Shivani, P., 'Toxic Speech Classification using Machine Learning Algorithms' (2022), Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Electronic Systems and Intelligent Computing, ICESIC 2022, pp. 257-263
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Sun, Y. & Xiao, H., 'Profiling Hate Speech Spreaders on Twitter using BERT Pre-trained Model and Neural Network' (2022), Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 125005X
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Sunagar, P., Kanavalli, A., Nayak, S.S., Mahan, S.R., Prasad, S. & Prasad, S., 'Classification of Hate Tweets Using Hybrid Deep Belief Network Algorithm' (2022), Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 936, pp. 3-12
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Sundaram, V., Pavan, R.S., Kandaala, S. & Reddy, R.R., 'Distinguishing Hate Speech from Sarcasm' (2022), 2022 International Conference for Advancement in Technology, ICONAT 2022
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Sunday, A.B., 'Critical sociocognitive analysis of hate speech in the 2015 Nigerian presidential election campaign' (2021), Pragmatics and Society, 12(1), pp. 59-78
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Suresh Babu, C.V., Kowsika, S., Tejaswi, M.S., Janarakshani, T.R. & Princy, S.M., 'Framework for detection of cyberbullying in text data using natural language processing and machine learning' (2023), in N. Chitadze (Ed.) Cyber Security Policies and Strategies of the World's Leading States (pp. 69–85), Hershey, PA: IGI Global
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Suvidutt, M.S. & Tomer, A., 'Hate Speech Against Disabled Persons in India: An Analysis of Legal Provisions and Judicial Interpretations' (2022), Journal of Forensic Medicine Science and Law, 31(2), pp. 71-76
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Suvidutt, M.S. & Tomer, A., 'Violence, Hate Speech, and Hostility Against the Healthcare Professionals in India: A Contemporary Legal Review' (2022), Journal of Forensic Medicine Science and Law, 31(1), pp. 90-95
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Suvidutt, M.S. & Tomer, A., 'Religious Hate Speech Vs Peaceful Co-Existence: A Socio-Legal Review' (2022), Journal of Dharma, 47(4), pp. 473-492
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Swain, E., 'Hate speech or legitimate satire? Drawing the line in cartoons' (2023), Hermes (Denmark), (63), pp. 65–81
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