Publications
C
Cousens, C., 'Solving the Authority Problem: Why We Won’t Debate You, Bro' (2023), Topoi [online]
View the publication online
Coussey, M., 'Legal responses to racially motivated hate crimes' (2002), Criminal Justice Matters, 48(1), pp.32-33
View the publication online
Cover, R., 'Digital hostility, subjectivity and ethics: Theorising the disruption of identity in instances of mass online abuse and hate speech' (2022), Convergence [online]
View the publication online
Cover, R., 'Identity and Digital Communication: Concepts, Theories, Practices' (2023), London: Routledge
View the publication online
Cowan, G., Heiple, B., Marquez, C., Khatchadourian, D. & McNevin, M., 'Heterosexuals’ attitudes toward hate crimes and hate speech against gays and lesbians: Old-fashioned and modern heterosexism' (2005), Journal of Homosexuality, 49(2), pp.67-82
View the publication online
Cowan, G., Resendez, M., Marshall, E. & Quist, R., 'Hate speech and constitutional protection: Priming values of equality and freedom' (2002), Journal of Social Issues, 58(2), pp.247-263
View the publication online
Cowan, P. & Maitles, H., 'Understanding and teaching Holocaust education' (2017), London: Sage Publications
View the publication online
Cowburn, M., Duggan, M. & Pollock, E., 'Working with different values: Extremism, hate and sex crimes' (2013), in Cowburn, M., Duggan, M., Robinson, A. & Senior, P. (2013) Values in Criminology and Community Justice. University of Bristol: Policy Press.
Cowdery, N., 'Review of law of vilification: Criminal aspects' (2009), Hate Crime and Vilification Law Roundtable, Sydney Institute of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Sydney, 28 August 2009.
View the publication online
Cowie, H., Myers, C.-A., & Aziz, R., 'Does diversity in society inevitably lead to a rise in xenophobia among children and young people?' (2017), International Journal of Emotional Education, 9(2), pp.90-99
View the publication online
Cowls, J. & Ma, C., 'The Internet’s Town Square? A Critical Discourse Analysis of Parler’s “Past Imaginary”' (2023), Social Media and Society, 9(2)
View the publication online
Cox, C., 'Addressing anti-semitism in social work education' (2021), Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work [online]
View the publication online
Cox, G. & Gay and Lesbian Rights Lobby (NSW), 'The Streetwatch Report: A study into violence against lesbians and gay men' (1990)
Cox, G. & Lesbian and Gay Anti-Violence Project NSW, 'The count and counter report: A study into hate related violence against lesbians and gays' (1994)
Craig, G., 'Invisibilizing ‘race’ in public policy' (2013), Critical Social Policy, 33(4), pp.712-720
View the publication online
Craig, K.M., 'Examining hate-motivated aggression: A review of the social psychological literature on hate crimes as a distinct form of aggression' (2002), Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(1), pp.85-101
View the publication online
Craig, K.M., 'Retaliation, fear, or rage: An investigation of African American and white reactions to racist hate crimes' (1999), Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14(2), pp.138-151
View the publication online
Craig, K.M. & Waldo, C.R., '“So, what’s a hate crime anyway?” Young adults’ perceptions of hate crimes, victims, and perpetrators' (1996), Law and Human Behaviour, 20(2), pp.113-129
View the publication online
Craig‐Henderson, K. & Sloan, L.R., 'After the hate: Helping psychologists help victims of racist hate crime' (2003), Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(4), pp.481-490
View the publication online
Cramer, J., Kehn, A., Pennington, R., Wechsler, J., Clark, W. & Nagle, J., 'An examination of sexual orientation- and transgender-based hate crimes in the post-Matthew Shepard era' (2013), Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 19(3), pp.355-368
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Burks, A.C., Plöderl, M. &Durgampudi, P., 'Minority stress model components and affective well-being in a sample of sexual orientation minority adults living with HIV/AIDS' (2017), AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Cacace, S.C., Sorby, M., Adrian, M.E., Kehn, A. & Wilsey, C.N., 'A Psychometric Investigation of the Hate-Motivated Behavior Checklist' (2022), Journal of Interpersonal Violence [online]
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Chandler, J.F. & Wakeman, E.E., 'Blame attribution as a moderator of perceptions of sexual orientation-based hate crimes' (2010), Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(5), pp.848-862
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Clark III, J.W., Kehn, A., Burks, A.C. & Wechsler, H.J., 'A mock juror investigation of blame attribution in the punishment of hate crime perpetrators' (2014), International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 37(6), pp.551-557
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Kehn, A., Sorby, M., Nobles M.R., Long M.M., Marsden J., Deitle C., Griffin S.M., King A., Smart, S. & Fording, R.C., 'Development and Psychometric Properties of the Hate-Motivated Behavior Checklist (HMBC)' (2021), Criminal Justice and Behavior [online]
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Laxton, K.L., Chandler, J.F., Kehn, A., Bate, B.P. & Clark, J.W., 'Political identity, type of victim, and hate crime-related beliefs as predictors of views concerning hate crime penalty enhancement laws' (2017), Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy [online]
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., McNiel, D.E., Holley, S.R., Shumway, M. & Boccellari, A., 'Mental health in violent crime victims: Does sexual orientation matter?' (2011), Law and Human Behaviour, pp.1-11
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Nobles, M.R., Amacker, A.M. & Dovoedo, L., 'Defining and evaluating perceptions of victim blame in antigay hate crimes' (2013), Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 28(14), pp.2894-2914
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Wakeman, E.E., Chandler, J.F., Mohr, J.J. & Griffin, M.P., 'Hate crimes on trial: Judgments about violent crime against gay men' (2013), Psychiatry Psychology and Law, 20(2), pp.202-215
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Wright, S., Long, M.M., Kapusta, N.D, Nobles, M.R. Gemberling, T.M., & Wechsler, H.J., 'On hate crime victimization: Rates, types, and links with suicide risk among sexual orientation minority special interest group members' (2018), Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 19:4, pp.476-489
View the publication online
Cramer, R.J., Wright, S., Long, M.M., Kapusta, N.D., Nobles, M.R., Gemberling, T.M., Wechsler, H.J., 'On hate crime victimization: Rates, types, and links with suicide risk among sexual orientation minority special interest group members' (2018), Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 19(4), pp.476-489
View the publication online
Cramphorn, C., 'Faith and prejudice: Sectarianism as hate crime' (2002), Criminal Justice Matters, 48(1), pp.12-13
View the publication online
Crichlow, W. & Lauricella, S., 'An analysis of anti-Black crime reporting in Toronto: Evidence from news frames and critical race theory' (2018), in M. Bhatia, S. Poynting & W. Tufail (Eds), Media, Crime and Racism. Palgrave Studies in Crime, Media and Culture (pp.301-316). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
View the publication online
Crichton, S. & Stevenson, A., 'Crime and prejudice' (2002), Sydney Morning Herald (Sydney)
Criminal Justice Degree Hub, 'The alarming patterns of hate crime in America (infographic)' (2015)
View the publication online
Criminal Justice Inspection Northern Ireland, 'Hate crime: An inspection of the criminal justice system’s response to hate crime in Northern Ireland' (2017)
View the publication online
Criminal Justice Joint Inspection, 'Facing up to offending: Use of restorative justice in the criminal justice system' (2012), London: CJJI
View the publication online
Criminal Justice Joint Inspection, 'Living in a different world: Joint review of disability hate crime' (2013), London: HMCPSI, HMIC, HMI Probation
View the publication online
Cripps, J. & Stermac, L., 'Cyber-sexual violence and negative emotional states among women in a Canadian University' (2018), International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 12(1), pp.171-186
View the publication online
Criss, S., Nguyen, T.T., Michaels, E.K., Gee, G.C., Kiang, M.V., Nguyen, Q.C., Norton, S., Titherington, E., Nguyen, L., Yardi, I., Kim, M., Thai, N., Shepherd, A. & Kennedy, C.J., 'Solidarity and strife after the Atlanta spa shootings: A mixed methods study characterizing Twitter discussions by qualitative analysis and machine learning' (2023), Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 952069
View the publication online
Critchlow, G., 'Stopping Genocide Through International Agreement When the Security Council Fails to Act' (2007), Georgetown Journal of International Law, 40(2), pp. 311-344
View the publication online
Croff, J. M., Hubach, R. D., Currin, J. M. & Frederick, A. F. , 'Hidden rainbows: Gay bars as safe havens in a socially conservative area since the Pulse Nightclub Massacre' (2017), Sexuality Research and Social Policy, pp.1-8.
View the publication online
Cronin, A. & King, A., 'Power, inequality and identification: Exploring diversity and intersectionality amongst older LGB adults ' (2010), Sociology, 44(5), pp.876-892
View the publication online
Cronin, S., McDevitt, J., Farrell, A., & Nolan, J.J., 'Bias-crime reporting: Organizational responses to ambiguity, uncertainty, and infrequency in eight police departments' (2007), American Behavioral Scientist, 51(2), pp.213-225,227-231
View the publication online
Crowley, J.P., Denes, A., Bleakley, A., Webber, K.T., Geary, D., DelGreco, M., Whitt, J., Guest, C. & Hamlin, E., 'The longitudinal influence of supportive messages on stress reactivity and general well-being for LGBTQ+ recipients of hate speech: Comparing the relative effects of verbal person-centered and autonomy support' (2023), Communication Monographs [online]
View the publication online
Crown Office & Procurator Fiscal Service, Police Scotland, Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service, Scottish Prison Service, Scottish Legal Aid Board, The Law Society of Scotland & The Scottish Government, 'Criminal justice disability project – Final report' (2018)
View the publication online
Crown Prosecution Service, 'Hate crime annual report 2016 –17' (2017)
View the publication online
Crown Prosecution Service, 'Hate Crime Annual Report 2017-18' (2018)
View the publication online
Crown Prosecution Service, 'Hate crimes and crimes against older people report 2011-2012' (2013)
View the publication online
Crown Prosecution Service, 'Hate crime report 2008-2009' (2009)
View the publication online