Publications
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Committee to Advise the Attorney-General on Racial Vilification, 'Racial vilification in Victoria: Report of the committee to advise the Attorney-General on racial vilification' (1992)
Community Security Trust, 'Antisemitic incidents report 2016' (2016)
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Community Security Trust, 'Antisemitic content on Twitter' (2018)
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Community Security Trust, 'Antisemitic incidents report, January-June 2018' (2018)
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Community Security Trust, 'Antisemitic discourse in Britain 2017' (2018)
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Community Security Trust, 'Antisemitic discourse in Britain 2016' (2017)
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ComRes, 'CNN Anti-Semitism in Europe Poll 2018 – A survey of adults across 7 European countries testing anti-Semitic attitudes' (2018)
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Concannon, L., 'Protecting difference: A discussion on transphobic and homophobic hate crime in the Irish context' (2021), Critical Social Policy [online]
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Condie, T., 'Cross-burning incident sparks fear, anger' (2000), Koori Mail (Lismore)
Connell, C., 'Contesting racialized discourses of homophobia' (2016), Sociological Forum
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Considine, C., 'The racialization of Islam in the United States: Islamophobia, hate crimes, and “flying while brown”' (2017), Religions, 8(165), pp.1-19
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Constantin, M.G., Parvu, D.-S., Stanciu, C., Ionascu, D. & Ionescu, B., 'Hateful meme detection with multimodal deep neural networks' (2021), ISSCS 2021 - International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, 9497374
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Constantinou, M. & Baider, F.H., 'Covert Hate Speech: A Contrastive Study of Greek and Greek Cypriot Online Discussions with an Emphasis on Irony' (2020), Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 8(2), pp. 262-287
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Conti, M., Pajola, L. & Tricomi, P.P., 'Turning captchas against humanity: Captcha-based attacks in online social media' (2023), Online Social Networks and Media, 36, 100252
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Contreras, N., 'Racist hate crime' (2016), in K. Corteen, S. Morley, P. Taylor, J. Turner (Eds.) A companion to crime, harm and victimisation, Bristol: Policy Press, pp.81-83
Cook-Daniels, L. & Munson, M., 'Sexual violence, elder abuse, and sexuality of transgender adults, age 50+: Results of three surveys' (2010), Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 6(2), pp.142-177
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Cooper, C.A., Huffmon, S.H., Knotts, H.G. & McKee, S.C., 'Heritage Versus Hate: Assessing Opinions in the Debate over Confederate Monuments and Memorials' (2021), Social Science Quarterly [online]
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Cooper, S.M., Smalls-Glover, C., Metzger, I. & Griffin, C., 'African american fathers’ racial socialization patterns: Associations with racial identity beliefs and discrimination experiences' (2015), Family Relations, 64(2), pp.278-290
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Coordination Forum for Countering Antisemitism (CFCA), 'Australia – An Australia citizen was convicted of vandalism against a Jew' (2005)
Copello, P.L., 'A Crime Looking for Justification: Humiliation or Discredit of Discriminated Groups | [UN DELITO EN BUSCA DE JUSTIFICACIÓN:LA HUMILLACIÓN O DESCRÉDITO DECOLECTIVOS DISCRIMINADOS]' (2021), Azafea, 23, pp. 83-106
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Corazza, M., Menini, S., Cabrio, E., Tonelli, S. & Villata, S., 'A Multilingual Evaluation for Online Hate Speech Detection' (2020), ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 20(2), 3377323
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Cordón, P., Mata, J., Pachón, V. & Domínguez, J.L., 'I2C-UHU at CLEF-2023 EXIST task: Leveraging Ensembling Language Models to Detect Multilingual Sexism in Social Media' (2023), Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2023), pp. 901-907
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Corizzo, R., Lewis, N., Damasceno, L.P., Shafer, A., Cavalcante, C.C. & Boukouvalas, Z., 'Multimodal One-class Learning for Malicious Online Content Detection' (2023), Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023, pp. 2146–2151
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Corlett, J.A., 'Moral responsibility and history: Problems with Frankfurtian Nonhistoricism' (2018), The Journal of Ethics [online], pp.1-19
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Cornelli, R., 'Dehumanization and Hate Policies | [Pregiudizi, Stereotipi E Potere. Alle Origini Delle Pratiche Di Disumanizzazione E Delle Politiche Dell’Odio]' (2019), Rassegna Italiana di Criminologia, 13(3), pp. 206-216
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Cornish, R. & Tranter, K., 'Dismissals for Social Media Hate Speech in South Africa: Animalistic Dehumanisation and the Circulation of Racist Words and Images' (2022), International Journal for the Semiotics of Law [online]
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Corral, A., De Coninck, D., Mertens, S. & d’Haenens, L., 'Gauging the Media Discourse and the Roots of Islamophobia Awareness in Spain' (2023), Religions, 14(8), 1019
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Corry, G., Bell, S., Byers, S., Storey, E. & Fairmichael, R., 'Reducing sectarianism and hate at the grassroots' (2023), in H. Desivilya Syna & G. Corry (Eds) Track III Actions: Transforming Protracted Political Conflicts from the Bottom-up (pp. 83-105), Berlin: De Gruyter
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Corteen, K., 'Homophobic hate crime' (2014), in Atkinson, R. (Ed.) Shades of Deviance: A Primer on Crime, Deviance and Social Harm. Routledge, pp.175-178
Corteen, K., 'New victimisations: Female sex worker hate crime and the ‘ideal victim’' (2018), in M. Duggan (Ed.), Revisiting the 'ideal victim': Developments in critical victimology (pp.103-122). Bristol: Policy Press.
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Corteen, K. & Stoops, M., 'Sex work, hate crime and victimisation' (2016), in K. Corteen, S. Morley, P. Taylor, J. Turner (Eds.) A companion to crime, harm and victimisation, Bristol: Policy Press, pp.210-213
Cossman, B., 'Gender identity, gender pronouns, and freedom of expression: Bill C-16 and the traction of specious legal claims' (2018), University of Toronto Law Journal, 68(1), pp.37-79
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Costa, S., 'IN[The Hate Booth]: A gamified installation to contain online hate speech' (2022), Proceedings - 3rd International Conference on Digital Creation in Arts, Media and Technology: Emerging Extended Realities, ARTeFACTo 2022
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Costa, S., da Silva, B.M. & Tavares, M., 'Video games and gamification against online hate speech?' (2021), ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 3483679
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Costa, S., da Silva, B.M., & Tavares, M., 'Tackling Online Hate Speech?: Play Your Role!' (2022), Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, 422 LNICST, pp. 79-93
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & da Silva, B.M., 'IN[The Hate Booth]: a Gamified Installation to Counteract Hate Speech' (2023), Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, 479 LNICST, pp. 161-173
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & da Silva, B.M., 'In[the Hate Booth]: A Case Study on How to Deal with Online Hate Speech' (2024), Springer Series in Design and Innovation, 33, pp. 259–276
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Costa, S., Tavares, M., Bidarra, J. & Mendes da Silva, B., 'The Enredo Game-Installation: A Proposal to Counter Hate Speech Online' (2023), in N. Martins & D. Brandão (Eds.) Springer Series in Design and Innovation (Vol. 27) (pp. 307-320), Cham: Springer
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Costello, M. & Hawdon, J., 'Hate Speech in Online Spaces' (2020), in T.J. Holt & A.M. Bossler (Eds.) The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance (pp. 1397-1416). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
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Costello, M., Hawdon, J. & Cross, A., 'Virtually standing up or standing by? Correlates of enacting social control online' (2017), International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 6, pp.16-28
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Costello, M., Hawdon, J., Bernatzky, C. & Mendes, K., 'Social Group Identity and Perceptions of Online Hate' (2019), Sociological Inquiry, 89(3), pp. 427-452
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Costello, M., Hawdon, J., Reichelmann, A.V., Oksanen, A. Blaya, C., Llorent, V.J., Räsänen, P. & Zych, I., 'Defending Others Online: The Influence of Observing Formal and Informal Social Control on One’s Willingness to Defend Cyberhate Victims' (2023), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(15), 6506
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Costello, M., Restifo, S.J. & Hawdon, J., 'Viewing anti-immigrant hate online: An application of routine activity and Social Structure-Social Learning Theory' (2021), Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106927
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Costello, M., Vishwamitra, N., Liao, S., Cheng, L., Luo, F. & Hu, H., 'COVID-19 and Sinophobia: Detecting Warning Signs of Radicalization on Twitter and Reddit' (2023), Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(7), pp. 546–553
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Costigan, S.S. & Tagarev, T., 'Countering Crime, Hate Speech, and Disinformation in Cyberspace' (2021), Connections, 20(2), pp. 5-8
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Coston, L., 'Understanding characteristics of victims and perpetrators of anti-LGBT hate crimes in the United States' (2018), Violence and Victims, 33(3), pp.453-471
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Cotter, J.M. , 'Sounds of hate: White power rock and roll and the neo-Nazi skinhead subculture' (1999), Terrorism and Political Violence, 11(2), pp.111-140
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Council of Europe , 'Discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity in Europe' (2011), France: Council of Europe
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Court, D., 'Direct work with racially motivated offenders' (2003), Probation Journal, 50(1), pp.52-58
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Courtois, S., 'Are Hate Speech Laws Useless? An Appraisal of Eric Heinze’s Arguments' (2021), Res Publica [online]
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