Publications
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Munir, M.S., Parveen, K., Farooq, U., Shaalan, K., Abualkishik, A.Z. & Mohammed, A.S., 'Use of Different Machine Learning Algorithms for Hate Speech Detection' (2022), International Conference on Cyber Resilience, ICCR 2022
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Munn, L., 'Sustainable Hate: How Gab Built a Durable “Platform for the People”' (2022), Canadian Journal of Communication, 47(1), pp. 219-240
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Munn, L., 'Red Pilled – The Allure of Digital Hate' (2023), Bielefeld: Bielefeld University Press
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Munn, L., 'Surface and Sublevel Hate' (2023), Big Data and Society, 10(1)
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Munn, L., 'Toxic play: Examining the issue of hate within gaming' (2023), First Monday, 28(9)
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Munro, V., 'Hate crime in the media: A history (Crime, media and popular culture)' (2014), California: Praeger, An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC
Muparamoto, N., 'LGBT Individuals and the Struggle Against Robert Mugabe’s Extirpation in Zimbabwe' (2020), Africa Review [online]
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Muparamoto, N. & Moen, K., 'Taraidiwa [“We Have Been Raided”]: Effects of and Meanings Ascribed to an Assault on an LGBTI Function in Harare, Zimbabwe' (2021), Journal of Homosexuality [online]
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Muraca, K. & Bartholomew, T. P., 'The relationship between community attitudes and recent racial vilification laws in Victoria Australia: A comparison of a legal and extra-legal classification model' (2008), Internet Journal of Criminology.
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Murauskienė, D., Jurka, R. & Zajančkauskienė, J., 'The instigation of hatred: Questions of legal evaluation and procedural issues' (2020), Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(2), pp. 896-913
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Murji, K., 'Using racial stereotypes in anti-racist campaigns' (2006), Ethnic and Racial Studies, 29(2), pp.260-280
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Murji, K. & Cutler, D., 'From a force into a service? The police, racial attacks, and equal opportunities' (1990), Critical Social Policy, 10(29), pp.92-99
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Murphy, A., 'Political rhetoric and hate speech in the case of Shamima Begum' (2021), Religions, 12(10), 834
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Murphy, J.G., 'Bias crimes: What do haters deserve?' (1992), Criminal Justice Ethics, 11(2), pp.20-23
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Murphy, Alexander, 'Rhetoric, hate speech and Shamima Begum.' (2020)
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Murphy, J.G., 'A word on behalf of good haters' (2016), The Hedgehog Review, 18(2)
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Murray, S.O., 'An African-American’s representation of internalized homophobia during the early 1930s' (1997), Journal of Homosexuality, 34(1), pp.31-46
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Murti, L., 'Who benefits from the white coat? Gender differences in occupational citizenship among Asian-Indian doctors' (2012), Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(12), pp.2035-2053
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Musa, M., Usama, M. & Uppal, M., 'Extremism on Social Media: Lynching of Priyantha Kumara Diyawadana' (2022), Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, ASONAM 2022, pp. 508-509
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Musial, B., 'Jewish resistance in Poland’s Eastern borderlands during the Second World War, 1939-1941' (2006), Patterns of Prejudice, 38(4), pp.371-382
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Musyoka, I., Wandeto, J. & Kituku, B., 'Multimodal Cyberbullying Detection Using Deep Learning Techniques: A Review' (2023), 2023 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Development for Africa, ICT4DA 2023, pp. 187–192
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Muszynski, A. K., & Gassim, S., 'Addressing racial and hate-based discrimination as experienced by African immigrants and refugees in Waterloo Region, Canada' (2014), Journal of Hate Studies, 12(1), pp. 39-64
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Mutanga, R.T., Naicker, N. & Olugbara, O.O., 'Detecting Hate Speech on Twitter Network using Ensemble Machine Learning' (2022), International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 13(3), pp. 331-339
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Mutanga, R.T., Naicker, N. & Olugbara, O.O., 'Hate Speech Detection in Twitter Using Transformer Methods' (2020), International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 11(9), pp. 614-620
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Mutawali, M., 'Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘a as the Foundation of Islamic Moderation: Theo-Philosophical Insight against Extreme Religious Ideology' (2023), Ulumuna, 27(1), pp. 341–366
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Muti, A. & Mancini, E., 'Enriching Hate-Tuned Transformer-Based Embeddings with Emotions for the Categorization of Sexism' (2023), Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum (CLEF 2023), pp. 1012-1023
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Muti, A., Fernicola, F. & Barrón-Cedeño, A., 'UniBoe’s at SemEval-2023 Task 10: Model-Agnostic Strategies for the Improvement of Hate-Tuned and Generative Models in the Classification of Sexist Posts' (2023), 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval 2023 - Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 1138–1147
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Muzakir, A., Adi, K. & Kusumaningrum, R., 'Advancements in Semantic Expansion Techniques for Short Text Classification and Hate Speech Detection' (2023), Ingenierie des Systemes d'Information, 28(3), pp. 545–556
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Muzakir, A., Adi, K. & Kusumaningrum, R., 'Classification of Hate Speech Language Detection on Social Media: Preliminary Study for Improvement' (2023), Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, 147, pp. 146-156
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Muzakir, A., Adi, K. & Kusumaningrum, R., 'Short Text Classification Based on Hybrid Semantic Expansion and Bidirectional GRU (BiGRU) Based Method to Improve Hate Speech Detection' (2023), Revue d'Intelligence Artificielle, 37(6), pp. 1471–1481
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Myers, W. & Lantz, B., 'Reporting Racist Hate Crime Victimization to the Police in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-National Comparison' (2020), British Journal of Criminology, 60(4), pp. 1034-1055
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Nabi, R.L. & Myrick, J.G. (Eds.), 'Emotions in the digital world: Exploring affective experience and expression in online interactions' (2023), New York: Oxford University Press
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Nadal, K.L., 'A decade of microaggression research and LGBTQ communities: An introduction to the special issue' (2018), Journal of Homosexuality [online]
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Nadal, K.L., Whitman, C.N., Davis, L.S., Erazo, T. & Davidoff, K.C., 'Microaggressions toward lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and genderqueer people: A review of the literature' (2016), Journal of Sex Research, 53(4-5), pp.488-508
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Naderer, B., Wendt, R., Bachl, M. & Rieger, D., 'Understanding the role of participatory-moral abilities, motivation, and behavior in European adolescents’ responses to online hate' (2023), New Media and Society [online]
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Nadim, M., 'Making sense of hate: young Muslims’ understandings of online racism in Norway' (2023), Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies [online]
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Nadim, M., Fladmoe, A., 'Silencing Women? Gender and Online Harassment' (2019), Social Science Computer Review [online]
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Naeem, T., 'Muslims as Terrorists: Hate Speech against Muslims' (2022), International Journal of Islamic Thought, 22, pp. 114-124
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Naffi, N. & Davidson, A.-L., 'A group of youth learn why and how to disrupt online discourses and social media propaganda around Syrian refugees' (2020), Palgrave Studies in Educational Media, pp. 15-40
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Nagar, S., Barbhuiya, F.A. & Dey, K., 'Towards more robust hate speech detection: using social context and user data' (2023), Social Network Analysis and Mining, 13(1), 47
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Nagar, S., Gupta, S., Bahushruth, C.S., Barbhuiya, F.A. & Dey, K., 'Empirical assessment and characterization of homophily in classes of hate speeches' (2021), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2897, pp. 30-34
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Nagar, S., Gupta, S., Bahushruth, C.S., Barbhuiya, F.A. & Dey, K., 'Homophily – a Driving Factor for Hate Speech on Twitter' (2022), Studies in Computational Intelligence, 1016, pp. 78-88
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Nagar, S., Gupta, S., Bahushruth, C.S., Barbhuiya, F.A. & Dey, K., 'Hate Speech Detection on Social Media Using Graph Convolutional Networks' (2022), Studies in Computational Intelligence, 1016, pp. 3-14
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Nagar, S., Gupta, S., Barbhuiya, F.A. & Dey, K., 'Capturing the Spread of Hate on Twitter Using Spreading Activation Models' (2022), Studies in Computational Intelligence, 1016, pp. 15-27
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Nagarwal, N., 'The Citizenship Amendment Act 2019: An Insight through Constitutional and Secularism Perspective' (2021), Journal of Asian and African Studies [online]
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Nagesh, R., 'Hate crime' (2016), Criminal Bar Quarterly, 3(Aut), pp.9-11
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Nagesh, R., 'Hate crime: Part 1' (2016), Criminal Law & Justice Weekly, 180(30), pp.538-540
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Nagesh, R., 'Hate crime – Part 2' (2016), Criminal Law & Justice Weekly, 180(33) [online]
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Nahar, K.M.O., Alauthman, M., Yonbawi, S. & Almomani, A., 'Cyberbullying Detection and Recognition with Type Determination Based on Machine Learning' (2023), Computers, Materials and Continua, 75(3), pp. 5307–5319
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Naidoo, K., 'The shaping, enactment and interpretation of the first hate-crime law in the United Kingdom – An informative and illustrative lesson for South Africa' (2017), Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 20
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